Vector quantization coding apparatus and decoding apparatus

Claim 2

A vector quantization coding apparatus comprising: a code book for recording representative vectors, an input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector, a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the difference vector after simulation of decoding processing when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is at a low-use frequency, a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortion, and wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted.

Claim 3

A vector Quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting index data and a coded difference vector outputted from a vector quantization coding apparatus a code book of the same contents as a code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector, a reading means for reading out a representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the code book, a changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is at a low-use frequency, a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortion, and wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 4

A vector Quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting index data and a coded difference vector outputted from a vector quantization coding apparatus a code book of the same contents as a code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector, a reading means for reading out a representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the code book, a changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is at a low-use frequency, a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortion, and wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 5

A vector quantization coding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting a vector composed of luminance information existing in an adjacent area in an image, a plurality of code books for recording representative vectors, and corresponding to each position in the image, a selecting means for selecting at least one of the code books corresponding to the position in the image of the input vectors from the plurality of code books, an index data generating means for selecting a representative vector with least distortion by collating the input vector with the selected code book, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, and a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceptually significant lower range components in a frequency domain, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted.

Claim 6

A vector quantization coding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting a vector composed of luminance information existing in an adjacent area in an image, a plurality of code books for recording representative vectors, and corresponding to each position in the image, a selecting means for selecting at least one of the code books corresponding to the position in the image of the input vectors from the plurality of code books, an index data generating means for selecting a representative vector with least distortion by collating the input vector with the selected code book, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, and a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceptually significant lower range components in a frequency domain, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted.

Claim 7

A vector quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting an index data and a coded difference vector from a vector quantization coding apparatus, a plurality of code books having the same content as a plurality of code books of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a selecting means for selecting at least one of said plurality of code books of the vector quantization decoding apparatus corresponding to the position in the image of the input data from the plurality of code books, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by a frequency transform, and a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the selected code book, wherein the sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 8

A vector quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting an index data and a coded difference vector from a vector quantization coding apparatus, a plurality of code books having the same content as a plurality of code books of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a selecting means for selecting at least one of said plurality of code books of the vector quantization decoding apparatus corresponding to the position in the image of the input data from the plurality of code books, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by a frequency transform, and a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the selected code book, wherein the sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 9

A vector quantization coding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said representative vector split means bases a decision on covariance analysis.

Claim 10

A vector quantization decoding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said representative vector split means bases a decision on convariance analysis.

Claim 11

A vector quantization coding apparatus comprising: a code book for recording representative vectors, an input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceptually significant lower range components in a frequency domain, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted.

Claim 12

A vector quantization coding apparatus comprising: a code book for recording representative vectors, an input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceptually significant lower range components in a frequency domain, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted.

Claim 13

A vector quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting an index data and the coded difference vector outputted from a vector quantization coding apparatus, a code book of the same contents as in the code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by a frequency transform, a reading means for reading out a representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the code book of the vector quantization decoding apparatus, and a changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 14

A vector quantization decoding apparatus comprising: an input means for inputting an index data and the coded difference vector outputted from a vector quantization coding apparatus, a code book of the same contents as in the code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by a frequency transform, a reading means for reading out a representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the code book of the vector quantization decoding apparatus, and a changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 15

A vector quantization coding and decoding system comprising: a vector quantization coding apparatus including: a first code book for recording representative vectors, a first input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the first code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the difference vector after simulating a decoding process to be done in a vector quantization decoding apparatus when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is at a low-use frequency, and a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortion, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted from said vector quantization coding apparatus; and the vector quantization decoding apparatus including: a second input means for inputting the index data outputted from the vector quantization coding apparatus, a second code book having the same contents as the first code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector, a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the second code book, and a second changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is low at use-frequency, and a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortions, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 16

A vector quantization coding and decoding system comprising: a vector quantization coding apparatus including: a first code book for recording representative vectors, a first input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the first code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the difference vector after simulating a decoding process to be done in a vector quantization decoding apparatus when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is at a low-use frequency, and a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortion, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted from said vector quantization coding apparatus; and the vector quantization decoding apparatus including: a second input means for inputting the index data outputted from the vector quantization coding apparatus, a second code book having the same contents as the first code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector, a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the second code book, and a second changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, a representative vector delete means for deleting the representative vector which is low at use-frequency, and a representative vector split means for splitting the representative vector which produces large distortions, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 17

A vector quantization coding and decoding system according to claim 9, wherein said representative vector split means of said vector quantization coding apparatus bases a decision on convariance analysis, and said representative vector split means of said vector quantization decoding apparatus bases a decision on covariance analysis.

Claim 18

A vector quantization coding and decoding system comprising: a vector quantization coding apparatus including: a first code book for recording representative vectors, a first input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceputally significant lower range components in a frequency domain, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted from the vector quantization coding apparatus; a vector quantization decoding apparatus including: a second input means for inputting the index data and the coded difference vector outputted from the vector quantization coding aparatus, a second code book having the same contents as the first code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by said frequency transform, a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the second code book, and a second changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.

Claim 19

A vector quantization coding and decoding system comprising: a vector quantization coding apparatus including: a first code book for recording representative vectors, a first input means for inputting a specific vector, an index data generating means for collating the input vector with the code book, selecting a representative vector with least distortion, and generating index data corresponding to the selected representative vector, a difference vector operating means for determining the difference vector between the selected representative vector and the input vector, a difference vector coding means for coding the difference vector with an irreversible frequency transform which preserves perceputally significant lower range components in a frequency domain, and a changing means for, after the representative vector with minimum distortion is selected, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, wherein the index data and the coded difference vector are outputted from the vector quantization coding apparatus; a vector quantization decoding apparatus including: a second input means for inputting the index data and the coded difference vector outputted from the vector quantization coding aparatus, a second code book having the same contents as the first code book of the vector quantization coding apparatus, a decoding means for decoding the coded difference vector which is irreversible coded by said frequency transform, a reading means for reading out the representative vector corresponding to the index data by referring to the second code book, and a second changing means for, after the representative vector is read out, changing the representative vector so that a norm of the difference vector may be smaller than the original norm of the difference vector, by using directly the difference vector when the difference vector coding is reversible processing or by using the decoded difference vector when the difference vector coding is irreversible processing, wherein a sum of the decoded difference vector and the read-out representative vector is outputted as an output vector.