US5848155A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Spread spectrum watermark for embedded signalling
Assignee: NEC Corp
•
Filing: 1996-09-04
•
Granted: 1998-12-08
•
Expires: 2016-09-04
Abstract
Abstract A watermark is embedded into audio/video/image/multimedia data using spread spectrum methodology. The watermark is extracted from watermarked data without the use of an original or unwatermarked version of the data by using spatial or temporal local averaging of the frequency coefficients of the watermarked data.
Inventors
- 👤 Ingemar J. Cox
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 02:44
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06T; G06T1/00; G06T1/0021; G06T1/005; H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/32; H04N1/32101; H04N1/32144; H04N1/32149; H04N1/32154; H04N1/3216; H04N1/32165; H04N1/32187; H04N1/32197; H04N21/00; H04N21/20; H04N21/23; H04N21/238; H04N21/2389; H04N21/23892; H04N21/80; H04N21/83; H04N21/835; H04N21/8358; G06T2201/00; G06T2201/005; G06T2201/0052; G06T2201/0083; H04N2201/00; H04N2201/32; H04N2201/3201; H04N2201/3225; H04N2201/3233; H04N2201/3269; H04N2201/327; H04N2201/328
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data comprising the steps of: receiving watermarked data; spectrum normalizing the watermarked data to generate a normalized signal; correlating the normalized signal with predetermined PN sequences corresponding to predetermined symbols to provide correlated signals for each predetermined PN sequence; deciding which PN sequence is present in the watermarked data based upon said correlated signals; and extracting a watermark corresponding to a sequence of PN sequences present.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data comprising the steps of: receiving watermarked data; spectrum normalizing the watermarked data to generate a normalized signal; correlating the normalized signal with predetermined PN sequences corresponding to predetermined symbols to provide correlated signals for each predetermined PN sequence; deciding which PN sequence is present in the watermarked data based upon said correlated signals; and extracting a watermark corresponding to a sequence of PN sequences present.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said spectrum normalizing removes any spectral shaping performed when the watermark was inserted into the watermarked data.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
54 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said spectrum normalizing determines local average of the frequency coefficients of the spectrum of the watermarked data and then divides each frequency coefficient of the spectrum of the watermarked data by the local average of the frequency coefficients.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said watermarked data is audio data.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said watermarked data is video data.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said watermarked data is image data.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of extracting a watermark from watermarked data as set forth in claim 1, where said watermarked data is multimedia data.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
52 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data comprising the steps of: providing a watermark; providing a spectrum of the data; shaping the spectrum of the watermark commensurate with the average spectrum of the data; and combining the shaped spectrum watermark with the spectrum of the data to obtain watermarked data spectrum.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
52 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data comprising the steps of: providing a watermark; providing a spectrum of the data; shaping the spectrum of the watermark commensurate with the average spectrum of the data; and combining the shaped spectrum watermark with the spectrum of the data to obtain watermarked data spectrum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said average is a local average over a two dimensional region of said data.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 9, where said average is a weighted average over a neighborhood of said data.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said average is a temporal average over several frames of video data.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said data is audio data.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said data is video data.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said data is image data.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method for inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 8, where said data is multimedia data.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
56 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data comprising the steps of: providing a watermark signal, providing a spectrum of the data; shaping the spectrum of the watermark signal to be commensurate with the spectrum of the data; and summing the shaped spectrum watermark signal with the spectrum of the data to obtain watermarked data spectrum.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
56 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data comprising the steps of: providing a watermark signal, providing a spectrum of the data; shaping the spectrum of the watermark signal to be commensurate with the spectrum of the data; and summing the shaped spectrum watermark signal with the spectrum of the data to obtain watermarked data spectrum.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said shaping the spectrum of the watermark shapes the spectrum commensurate with temporal averages of frequency coefficients of the spectrum of the data.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said shaping the spectrum of the watermark signal shapes the spectrum commensurate with local averages of frequency coefficients of the spectrum of the data.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said data is audio data.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said data is video data.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said data is image data.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of inserting a watermark into data as set forth in claim 16, where said data is multimedia data.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
GB2196167A
Cited
WO1989008915A1
Cited
US4939515A
Cited
US5319735A
Cited
WO1995020291A1
Cited
EP0690595A1
Cited
US5530751A
Cited
US5568570A
Cited
US5646997A
Cited
WO1996021290A1
Cited
US5530759A
Cited
WO1996025005A1
Cited
US5659726A
Cited
WO1996027259A1
Cited
US5636292A
Cited
US5636292C1
Cited
US5613004A
Cited
US5664018A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-12-07 | 2002-06-08 | 2002-12-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | 2006-12-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-12-07 | 2010-06-08 | 2010-12-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |