US5841907A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Spatial integrating optical correlator for verifying the authenticity of a person, product or thing
Assignee: University of Connecticut
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Filing: 1997-07-11
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Granted: 1998-11-24
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Expires: 2017-07-11
Abstract
Abstract A method of verifying the authenticity of an object is disclosed employing a spatial integrating optical correlator. An unreadable and hence non-counterfeitable mask (e.g., a. complex mask or a phase mask) is coupled to the object and the optical correlator compares the mask with a reference mask on which it is scanned over. The correlator produces a correlation spot or image having an intensity which exceeds a given level if the mask is genuine. An alternate embodiment includes a fingerprint or other personalized pattern bonded to the mask, and the fingerprint or other personalized pattern on the card is compared to a reference fingerprint or other personalized pattern of the card holder for added security.
Inventors
- 👤 Bahram Javidi
- 👤 Fai Mok
- 👤 Demetri Psaltis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 19:19
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06K; G06K7/00; G06K7/10; G06K7/14; G06V; G06V10/00; G06V10/88; G06V10/89; G06V10/893; G06V10/895; G06V40/00; G06V40/10; G06V40/12; G06V40/1365; G07; G07F; G07F7/00; G07F7/08; G07F7/086
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 105
Claim 1
Independent Claim
159 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: associating an input mask with the object. said input mask including a two dimensional function N(x,y); scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU5## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation, and said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
159 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: associating an input mask with the object. said input mask including a two dimensional function N(x,y); scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU5## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation, and said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 4 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein: said input mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein: said input mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: associating an input mask with the object, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU6## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x', y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: associating an input mask with the object, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU6## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x', y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises: affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 12 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 9 wherein: said input mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 9 wherein: said input mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
160 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object having an input mask coupled thereto, comprising: a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); a reference mask including a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU7## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image having a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
160 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object having an input mask coupled thereto, comprising: a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); a reference mask including a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the y-direction and is defined by, ##EQU7## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image having a function defined by, R(x',y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said means for detecting comprises means for detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein: said input mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein: said input mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
192 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object having an input mask coupled thereto, comprising: a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); a reference mask including a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the v-direction and is defined by, ##EQU8## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x'y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
192 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object having an input mask coupled thereto, comprising: a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator, said input mask includes a two dimensional function N(x,y); a reference mask including a two dimensional function M SDF (x,y) which includes possible shifts in the v-direction and is defined by, ##EQU8## where m 0 is the severity of misalignment in a y-direction for a system designed to detect a two dimensional function M(x,y) by one dimensional correlation; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function defined by, R(x'y.sub.0)=∫∫N(x-x',y-y.sub.0)M.sub.SDF (x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said means for detecting comprises means for detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 23 wherein: said input mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 23 wherein: said input mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
192 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φm(x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); associating said input mask with the object; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x) defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
192 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φm(x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); associating said input mask with the object; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x) defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises: affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 29 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 32 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said object is a card; and the method further comprising the steps of: affixing said composite mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 29 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 29 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); and bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e .sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); associating an input mask with the object; providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x) defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); and bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e .sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); associating an input mask with the object; providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x) defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 38 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 38 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises: affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 38 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 38 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 41 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 38 wherein said object is a card; and the method further comprising the steps of: affixing said composite mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 38 wherein; said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 38 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 53
Independent Claim
199 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image; a reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said correlation image has a function R(x)defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 54
Independent Claim
199 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask including a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image; a reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said correlation image has a function R(x)defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein said reference mask comprises a reference pattern stored in a thick optical material, the thickness of said optical material being at least several times the wavelength of light from which said reference pattern was written.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein said means for detecting comprises means for detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein said object comprises a card having said composite mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 47 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 62
Independent Claim
228 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form said input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(X) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; a reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function R(x)defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 63
Independent Claim
228 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a one dimensional function f(x); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form said input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a one dimensional function M(x), said one dimensional function M(x) is defined by, M(x)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(X) where φ m (x) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a one dimensional function g(x), said function g(x) being defined by, g(x)=f(x)M(x); a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; a reference mask including a one dimensional function M*(x), where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function R(x)defined by, R(x)=∫M*(x-x')g(x)dx; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein said means for detecting comprises means for detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein said object comprises a card having said composite mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 55 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 70
Independent Claim
199 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask, said first mask includes a two dimensional function f(x,y); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e .sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); associating said input mask with the object; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input mask image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 71
Independent Claim
199 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask, said first mask includes a two dimensional function f(x,y); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e .sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); associating said input mask with the object; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input mask image; projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 62 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 62 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises: affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 62 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 75
Independent Claim
17 words
The method of claims 62 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 65 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 62 wherein said object is a card; and the method further comprising the steps of: affixing said composite mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 62 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 62 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 80
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask, said first mask including a two dimensional function f(x,y); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); associating an input mask with the object; providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator, projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 81
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of verifying the authenticity of an object, the method comprising the steps of: converting a biometric signature into a first mask, said first mask including a two dimensional function f(x,y); bonding a second mask to said first mask to form input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); associating an input mask with the object; providing a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; scanning in one dimension said input mask with a light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator, projecting said input image at a reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said reference mask includes a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, and said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 71 wherein said step of detecting said correlation image comprises detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 71 wherein said step of associating said input mask with the object comprises: affixing said input mask to the object.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 71 wherein said object is a card.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 71 further comprising the step of: associating said reference mask with the object.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 74 further comprising the steps of: affixing said input mask the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 71 wherein said object is a card; and the method further comprising the steps of: affixing said composite mask to the card; and affixing said reference mask to the card.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 71 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 71 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 90
Independent Claim
200 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask includes a two dimensional function f(x,y); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image; a reference mask including a two dimensional function M*(x,y) where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 91
Independent Claim
200 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask includes a two dimensional function f(x,y); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); a partially coherent light source; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image; a reference mask including a two dimensional function M*(x,y) where * is the complex conjugate; means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image, said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to a threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein said reference mask comprises a reference pattern stored in a thick optical material, the thickness of said optical material being at least several times the wavelength of light from which said reference pattern was written.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein said object comprises a card having said composite mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 80 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
Claim 98
Independent Claim
229 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a two dimensional function f(x,y); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; a reference mask including a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 99
Independent Claim
229 words
An apparatus for verifying the authenticity of an object comprising: a first mask including a biometric signature, said first mask including a two dimensional function f(x,y); a second mask bonded to said first mask to form an input mask, wherein said input mask is a composite mask and is associated with the object, said second mask includes a two dimensional function M(x,y), said two dimensional function M(x,y) is defined by, M(x,y)=e.sup.iφ.sbsp.m.sup.(x,y) where φ m (x,y) is a random function, whereby said composite mask includes a two dimensional function g(x,y), said function g(x,y) being defined by, g(x,y)=f(x,y)M(x,y); a partially coherent light source; a spatial integrating optical correlator having an input plane and an output plane; means for scanning in one dimension said input mask with said light source to generate an input image at said input plane of said correlator; a reference mask including a two dimensional function M*(x,y), where * is the complex conjugate, means for projecting said input image at said reference mask in the spatial domain to generate a spatially integrated correlation image at said output plane of said correlator, said correlation image has a function R(x,y) defined by, R(x,y)=∫∫M*(x-x',y-y')g(x,y)dxdy; means for detecting said correlation image to provide a correlation signal indicative of said correlation image; and means for comparing said correlation signal to at least one threshold level to verify to the authenticity of the object.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein said means for detecting comprises means for detecting the intensity of said correlation image.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask affixed thereto.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein said object comprises a card having said input mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein said object comprises a card having said composite mask and said reference mask affixed thereto.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein: said first mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; said second mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern; and said reference mask includes a complex phase/amplitude pattern.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 87 wherein: said first mask includes a phase pattern; said second mask includes a phase pattern; whereby said composite mask includes a phase pattern; and said reference mask includes a phase pattern.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-11-23 | 2002-05-25 | 2002-11-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-11-23 | 2006-05-25 | 2006-11-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-11-23 | 2010-05-25 | 2010-11-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |