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US5839113A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method and apparatus for rating geographical areas using meteorological conditions

Assignee: OKEMOS AGENCY Inc D/B/A INDEPENDENT INSURANCE CENTRE OF OKEMOS
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Filing: 1996-10-30
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Granted: 1998-11-17
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Expires: 2016-10-30
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Abstract

Abstract A method and apparatus for rating geographical areas based on the severity and/or frequency of different meteorological conditions. To determine the rating of a geographical area, raw data information from meteorological charts is gathered. The raw data scale for each meteorological condition is divided into ranges. The distribution of the geographical areas over the entire scale is determined. Individual rating factors are assigned to each of the ranges based on the distribution of the geographical areas throughout the scale. The individual rating factors are preferably selected such that the incremental change in the individual rating factors between ranges is preferably proportional to the incremental change in the number of geographical areas between the same ranges. All the individual rating factors for a single geographical area are used to calculate a cumulative rating factor for the geographical area. The cumulative rating factors of all the geographical areas are compared to provide a ranking of the geographical areas. The ranking relates to the risk potential in each geographical area based on the meteorological conditions. The resulting ranking of geographical areas is used to determine the insurability of a structure in a geographical area.

Inventors

  • 👤 Douglas L. Federau
  • 👤 William L. Fringer
  • 👤 Frederick High

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 15:22
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F17/00; G06F17/10; G06Q; G06Q40/00; G06Q40/08

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 49
Claim 1
Independent Claim 148 words
A method for ranking geographical areas based on a plurality of meteorological conditions, which comprises: (a) providing a meteorological chart of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions to be ranked, each chart showing a severity and/or frequency of the meteorological condition in each of the geographical areas; (b) selecting ranges of the severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition for all of the geographical areas; (c) calculating rating factors for each of the ranges of severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition; (d) determining the individual rating factor for each of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions; (e) calculating a cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical areas using the individual rating factors for each of the meteorological conditions for the geographical area; and (f) ranking the geographical areas based on the cumulative rating factors of each of the geographical areas.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 148 words
A method for ranking geographical areas based on a plurality of meteorological conditions, which comprises: (a) providing a meteorological chart of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions to be ranked, each chart showing a severity and/or frequency of the meteorological condition in each of the geographical areas; (b) selecting ranges of the severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition for all of the geographical areas; (c) calculating rating factors for each of the ranges of severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition; (d) determining the individual rating factor for each of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions; (e) calculating a cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical areas using the individual rating factors for each of the meteorological conditions for the geographical area; and (f) ranking the geographical areas based on the cumulative rating factors of each of the geographical areas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the cumulative rating factor is a summation of the individual rating factors for each meteorological condition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 35 words
The method of claim 1 wherein when the severity and/or frequency of the meteorological condition is zero, in the geographical area, the individual rating factor for the geographical area for the meteorological condition is zero.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the meteorological conditions are selected from the group of wind, tornado, lightning, hurricane, earthquake, freeze days, temperature and precipitation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein one of the meteorological conditions is wind.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the individual rating factor for wind in between -0.056 to +6.002.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 31 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the severity and/or frequency of wind in the geographical area is determined based on peak winds over the past ten years in the geographical area.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 82 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the ranges of severity and/or frequency of the wind are 0 to 70 MPH; 71 to 75 MPH; 76 to 80 MPH; 81 to 85 MPH; 86 to 90 MPH; 91 to 95 MPH; 96 to 100 MPH; 101 to 105 MPH; 106 to 110 MPH; 111 to 115 MPH; 116 to 120 MPH; 121 to 125 MPH; 126 to 130 MPH; 131 to 135 MPH; and 136 to 140 MPH and greater than 140 MPH.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 116 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the individual rating factors for each range of severity and/or frequency of wind are: ______________________________________ 0 to 70 MPH = -0.056 71 to 75 MPH = 0.000 76 to 80 MPH = 0.056 81 to 85 MPH = 0.069 86 to 90 MPH = 0.083 91 to 95 MPH = 0.166 96 to 100 MPH = 0.332 101 to 105 MPH = 0.664 106 to 110 MPH = 1.328 111 to 115 MPH = 1.994 116 to 120 MPH = 2.660 121 to 125 MPH = 3.316 126 to 130 MPH = 3.982 131 to 135 MPH = 4.648 136 to 140 MPH = 5.314 >140 MPH = 6.002 ______________________________________
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein one of the meteorological conditions is tornadoes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the individual rating factor for tornadoes is between -0.056 to 2.656.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 38 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the severity and/or frequency of tornadoes in the geographical area is determined based on the number of tornadoes in the geographical area per 10,000 square miles averaged over the past ten years.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 30 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the ranges of severity and/or frequency of the tornadoes are: ______________________________________ 0.000-0.499 0.500-0.999 1.000-1.999 2.000-2.999 3.000-3.999 4.000-4.999 5.000-5.999 6.000-6.999 7.000-7.999 8.000-8.999 9.000-9.999 ≧10.000 ______________________________________
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 58 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the individual rating factors for each range of severity and/or frequency of tornadoes are: ______________________________________ 0.000-0.499 = -0.056 0.500-0.999 = -0.028 1.000-1.999 = 0.000 2.000-2.999 = 0.056 3.000-3.999 = 0.069 4.000-4.999 = 0.083 5.000-5.999 = 0.166 6.000-6.999 = 0.332 7.000-7.999 = 0.644 8.000-8.999 = 1.328 9.000-9.999 = 1.992 ≧10.000 = 2.656 ______________________________________
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein one of the meteorological conditions is lightning.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the individual rating factor for lightning is between -0.056 to 1.157.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 31 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the severity and/or frequency of lightning of the geographical area is determined based on the number of thunderstorm days per year in the geographical area.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 94 words
The method of claim 17 wherein the ranges of severity and/or frequency of lightning are: ______________________________________ 0.000-0.999 = 0-10 Thunderstorm days per year 1.000-1.999 = 11-20 Thunderstorm days per year 2.000-2.999 = 21-30 Thunderstorm days per year 3.000-3.999 = 31-40 Thunderstorm days per year 4.000-4.999 = 41-50 Thunderstorm days per year 5.000-5.999 = 51-60 Thunderstorm days per year 6.000-6.999 = 61-70 Thunderstorm days per year 7.000-7.999 = 71-80 Thunderstorm days per year 8.000-8.999 = 81-90 Thunderstorm days per year 9.000-9.999 = 91-100 Thunderstorm days per year 10.000+ = 101-110 Thunderstorm days per year ______________________________________
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 55 words
The method of claim 18 wherein the individual rating factors for each range of severity and/or frequency of lightning are: ______________________________________ 0.000-0.999 = -0.056 1.000-1.999 = -0.028 2.000-2.999 = -0.028 3.000-3.999 = 0.000 4.000-4.999 = 0.056 5.000-5.999 = 0.069 6.000-6.999 = 0.083 7.000-7.999 = 0.097 8.000-8.999 = 0.111 9.000-9.999 = 1.139 10.000+ = 1.157 ______________________________________
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein one of the meteorological conditions is earthquakes.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the individual rating factor for earthquakes is between 0.010 to 2.000.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 21 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the ranges of severity and/or frequency of earthquakes are: ______________________________________ 0.000-0.999 1.000-1.999 2.000-2.999 3.000+ ______________________________________
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 34 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the individual rating factors for each range of severity and/or frequency of earthquakes are: ______________________________________ >0.000 = 0.010 >1.000 = 0.025 >2.000 = 1.000 >3.000 = 2.000 ______________________________________
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein one of the meterological conditions is hurricanes.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 16 words
The method of claim 24 wherein there are five ranges of severity and/or frequency for hurricanes.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 27 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the five ranges of severity and/or frequency for hurricanes are: ______________________________________ 74-95 MPH 96-110 MPH 111-130 MPH 131-155 MPH >156MPH ______________________________________
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 42 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the rating factors for each of the ranges of severities and/or frequencies for hurricanes are: ______________________________________ 74-95 MPH = 0.500 96-110 MPH = 1.000 111-130 MPH = 1.500 131-155 MPH = 2.000 >156MPH = 2.500 ______________________________________
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 50 words
The method of claim 27 wherein the individual rating factor for each of the geographical areas for hurricanes is determined by multiplying the number of hurricanes in each range of severity and/or frequency by the rating factors for that range and then adding the results for all the ranges together.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim 22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a weight associated with each of the individual rating factors for each meteorological condition is adjustable.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim 26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the ranges of the severities and/or frequencies are selected such that the geographical areas are evenly distributed throughout the range.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim 135 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical area is calculated using the equation R.sub.N =X.sub.W F.sub.N (W)+X.sub.T F.sub.N (T)+X.sub.L F.sub.N (L)+X.sub.E F.sub.N (E)+X.sub.H F.sub.N (H) wherein N is the geographical area R N is the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area, F N (W) is a wind rating factor for the geographical area, F N (T) is a tornado rating factor for the geographical area, F N (L) is a lightning rating factor for the geographical area, F N (E) is the earthquake rating factor for the geographical area, F N (H) is a hurricane rating factor for the geographical area and wherein X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are weighting factors for each of the meteorological conditions.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the geographical areas are counties in all 50 states of the United States.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 33 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the lower the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area the lower the risk of damage in the geographical area as a result of the meteorological conditions.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim 48 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a chart having terrain characteristics of the geographical areas is provided and wherein a terrain factor is determined from the chart for the geographical area and wherein the terrain factor is used with the cumulative rating factor in ranking the geographical areas.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim 22 words
The method of claim 31 wherein X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are equal.
Claim 37
Independent Claim 216 words
The method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area, which comprises: (a) providing a rating database in a computer having a cumulative rating factor for a plurality of geographical areas wherein the cumulative rating factor is calculated using the equation R.sub.N =X.sub.W F.sub.N (W)+X.sub.T F.sub.N (T)+X.sub.L F.sub.N (L)+X.sub.E F.sub.N (E)+X.sub.H F.sub.N (H) wherein N is the geographical area R N is the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area, F N (W) is a wind rating factor for the geographical area, F N (T) is a tornado rating factor for the geographical area, F N (L) is a lightning rating factor for the geographical area, F N (E) is the earthquake rating factor for the geographical area, F N (H) is a hurricane rating factor for the geographical area and wherein X W , X T , X L , X E , and X H are weighting factors for each of the meteorological condition; (b) accessing the rating database to retrieve the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area; (c) providing a rating chart showing the insurability for the cumulative rating factors; and (d) comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the rating chart to determine the insurability of the structure located in the geographical area.
Claim 38
Independent Claim 216 words
The method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area, which comprises: (a) providing a rating database in a computer having a cumulative rating factor for a plurality of geographical areas wherein the cumulative rating factor is calculated using the equation R.sub.N =X.sub.W F.sub.N (W)+X.sub.T F.sub.N (T)+X.sub.L F.sub.N (L)+X.sub.E F.sub.N (E)+X.sub.H F.sub.N (H) wherein N is the geographical area R N is the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area, F N (W) is a wind rating factor for the geographical area, F N (T) is a tornado rating factor for the geographical area, F N (L) is a lightning rating factor for the geographical area, F N (E) is the earthquake rating factor for the geographical area, F N (H) is a hurricane rating factor for the geographical area and wherein X W , X T , X L , X E , and X H are weighting factors for each of the meteorological condition; (b) accessing the rating database to retrieve the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area; (c) providing a rating chart showing the insurability for the cumulative rating factors; and (d) comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the rating chart to determine the insurability of the structure located in the geographical area.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim 24 words
The method of claim 36 wherein X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are equal to 1.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim 26 words
The method of claim 36 wherein X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are different values in the equation.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim 26 words
The method of claim 36 wherein a client database can be generated in the computer to provide a list of clients associated with the geographical areas.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim 30 words
The method of claim 39 wherein the rating database is accessed using the client database to determine the insurability of a structure owned by a client in the geographical area.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim 54 words
The method of claim 36 wherein a liability database can be generated having a gross liability factor and a net liability factor for the geographical areas wherein the gross liability factor and the limited liability factor are considered with the cumulative rating factor to determine the insurability of the structure in the geographical area.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim 126 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the database is formed using a method for ranking geographical areas based on a plurality of meteorological conditions, which includes: providing a meteorological chart, information of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions to be ranked, each showing a severity and/or frequency of the meteorological condition in each of the geographical areas; selecting ranges of the severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition for all of the geographical areas; calculating individual rating factors for each of the ranges of severities and/or frequencies of the meteorological condition; determining the individual rating factor for each of the geographical areas for each of the meteorological conditions; and calculating a cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical areas using the equation.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim 20 words
The method of claim 36 wherein the lower the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area the greater the insurability.
Claim 46
Independent Claim 182 words
The method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area from a database, which comprises: (a) providing a plurality of charts, each chart having information relating to a severity and/or frequency of a meteorological condition for a plurality of geographical areas; (b) selecting a range of rating factors representing the severities and/or frequencies of each meteorological condition for the plurality of geographical areas; (c) calculating a rating factor for each geographical area for each meteorological condition; (d) combining the rating factors for each of the meteorological conditions for each of the geographical areas to provide a cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical areas; (e) inputting the geographical areas and the corresponding cumulative rating factors into a computer to form the database; (f) forming a chart showing an amount of for the cumulative rating factors; (g) retrieving the cumulative rating factor from the database for the geographical area where the structure is located; and (h) comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the chart to determine the amount of for the geographical area.
Claim 47
Independent Claim 182 words
The method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area from a database, which comprises: (a) providing a plurality of charts, each chart having information relating to a severity and/or frequency of a meteorological condition for a plurality of geographical areas; (b) selecting a range of rating factors representing the severities and/or frequencies of each meteorological condition for the plurality of geographical areas; (c) calculating a rating factor for each geographical area for each meteorological condition; (d) combining the rating factors for each of the meteorological conditions for each of the geographical areas to provide a cumulative rating factor for each of the geographical areas; (e) inputting the geographical areas and the corresponding cumulative rating factors into a computer to form the database; (f) forming a chart showing an amount of for the cumulative rating factors; (g) retrieving the cumulative rating factor from the database for the geographical area where the structure is located; and (h) comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the chart to determine the amount of for the geographical area.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim 219 words
A media operational for use in storing a database for use in a method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area, which comprises: providing a database on the media having a cumulative rating factor for a plurality of geographical areas wherein the cumulative rating factor is calculated using the equation R.sub.N =X.sub.W F.sub.N (W)+X.sub.T F.sub.N (T)+X.sub.L F.sub.N (L)+X.sub.E F.sub.N (E)+X.sub.H F.sub.N (H) wherein N is the geographical area R N is the rating factor for the geographical area, F N (W) is a wind rating factor for the geographical area, F N (T) is a tornado rating factor for the geographical area, F N (L) is a lightning rating factor for the geographical area, F N (E) is the earthquake rating factor for the geographical area, F N (H) is a hurricane rating factor for the geographical area and X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are weighting factors for each of the meteorological conditions; accessing the database to retrieve the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area; providing a rating chart showing the insurability for the cumulative rating factors; and comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the rating chart to determine the insurability of the structure located in the geographical area.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim 219 words
A media operational for use in storing a database for use in a method for determining the insurability of a physical structure located in a geographical area, which comprises: providing a database on the media having a cumulative rating factor for a plurality of geographical areas wherein the cumulative rating factor is calculated using the equation R.sub.N =X.sub.W F.sub.N (W)+X.sub.T F.sub.N (T)+X.sub.L F.sub.N (L)+X.sub.E F.sub.N (E)+X.sub.H F.sub.N (H) wherein N is the geographical area R N is the rating factor for the geographical area, F N (W) is a wind rating factor for the geographical area, F N (T) is a tornado rating factor for the geographical area, F N (L) is a lightning rating factor for the geographical area, F N (E) is the earthquake rating factor for the geographical area, F N (H) is a hurricane rating factor for the geographical area and X W , X T , X L , X E and X H are weighting factors for each of the meteorological conditions; accessing the database to retrieve the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area; providing a rating chart showing the insurability for the cumulative rating factors; and comparing the cumulative rating factor for the geographical area with the rating chart to determine the insurability of the structure located in the geographical area.

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Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 2001-11-16 2002-05-18 2002-11-17 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 2005-11-16 2006-05-18 2006-11-17 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2009-11-16 2010-05-18 2010-11-17 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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