Synchronization method, and associated circuitry, for improved synchronization of a receiver with a transmitter using nonlinear transformation metrics

Claim 3

The method according to claim 1, wherein, in said step of transmitting, each of said multiframes comprise a multiplicity of high-power synchronization signals therein, said synchronization signals being spaced within each multiframe in accordance with a pattern and respectively separated by unequal offsets, a plurality of said multiframes further comprising other, non-synchronization, high-power signals therein; wherein, in said step of detecting, the receiver also detects the other signals; wherein, in said step of selecting, said given portion contains a high-power signal within said given multiframe; wherein, in said step of calculating, further calculating the energies accumulated within a plurality of other portions of said control signal, offset from said given portion in accordance with said pattern, and using said nonlinear power metric; and further comprising the steps of: summing the energies accumulated within the given and other portions of said control signal; and comparing the energy sum accumulated in said step of summing to a corresponding energy sum for different given and other portions within said given multiframe determined in accordance with said method, the maximum energy sum within said given multiframe being selected for subsequent fine synchronization.

Claim 4

The method of claim 1, wherein said nonlinear power metric is a logarithmic power metric.

Claim 5

The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU7## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 6

The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU8## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 7

The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU9## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 8

The method according to claim 6, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 9

The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU10## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 10

The method according to claim 8, where n equals 2.

Claim 11

The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU11## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 12

The method according to claim 10, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 13

The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU12## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 14

The method according to claim 12, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 15

The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU13## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 16

The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU14## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 17

In a communication system having a first communication station and a second communication station, the first and second communication stations, respectively, coupled together by way of a communication channel, a combination with the first and second communication stations of circuitry for synchronizing the second communication station with the first communication station using a nonlinear power metric, said circuitry comprising: a control signal generator positioned at the first communication station, said control signal generator for generating and transmitting a control signal upon the communication channel, the control signal being divided into a succession of consecutive multiframes, each of said multiframes comprising a multiplicity of discrete frames therein, and each of said multiframes comprising at least one high-power synchronization signal therein; a control signal detector positioned at the second communication station, said control signal detector for detecting the control signal generated and transmitted by said control signal generator; selection means, coupled to said detector, for selecting a given portion of the control signal within a given multiframe; and calculating means, coupled to said selection means, for calculating the energy accumulated with said given portion using said nonlinear power metric.

Claim 18

In a communication system having a first communication station and a second communication station, the first and second communication stations, respectively, coupled together by way of a communication channel, a combination with the first and second communication stations of circuitry for synchronizing the second communication station with the first communication station using a nonlinear power metric, said circuitry comprising: a control signal generator positioned at the first communication station, said control signal generator for generating and transmitting a control signal upon the communication channel, the control signal being divided into a succession of consecutive multiframes, each of said multiframes comprising a multiplicity of discrete frames therein, and each of said multiframes comprising at least one high-power synchronization signal therein; a control signal detector positioned at the second communication station, said control signal detector for detecting the control signal generated and transmitted by said control signal generator; selection means, coupled to said detector, for selecting a given portion of the control signal within a given multiframe; and calculating means, coupled to said selection means, for calculating the energy accumulated with said given portion using said nonlinear power metric.

Claim 19

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein said control signal generator generates and transmits a multiplicity of high-power synchronization signals within each of said multiframes, said synchronization signals being spaced within each multiframe in accordance with a pattern and respectively separated by unequal offsets, a plurality of said multiframes further comprising other, non-synchronization, high-power signals therein; wherein said selection means selects a high-power signal within said multiframe; wherein said calculating means further calculates the energies accumulated within a plurality of other portions of said control signal, offset from said given portion in accordance with said pattern, and using said nonlinear power metric; and further comprising: an accumulator for summing the energies within the respective portions of said control signal; and comparison means for comparing the energy sum accumulated in said accumulator to a corresponding energy sum for different given and other portions within said given multiframe and determined in accordance with said method, the maximum energy sum within said given multiframe being selected for subsequent fine synchronization.

Claim 20

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein said nonlinear power metric is a logarithmic power metric.

Claim 21

The communication system according to claim 18, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of the control signal according to the formula: ##EQU15## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 22

The communication system according to claim 18, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of the control signal according to the formula: ##EQU16## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 23

The communication system according to claim 18, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU17## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 24

The communication system according to claim 21, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 25

The communication system according to claim 18, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU18## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 26

The communication system according to claim 23, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 27

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU19## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r , i n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 28

The communication system according to claim 25, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 29

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU20## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 30

The communication system according to claim 27, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 31

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein the calculating means using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU21## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 32

The communication system according to claim 16, wherein the calculating means using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU22## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 33

A receiver synchronizable with a transmitter using a nonlinear power metric, said receiver comprising: a control signal detector for detecting transmission of a control signal thereto, the control signal transmitted by the transmitter, the control signal being divided into a succession of consecutive multiframes, each of said multiframes comprising a multiplicity of discrete frames therein, and each of said multiframes comprising at least one high-power synchronization signal therein; selection means, coupled to said detector, for selecting a given portion of the control signal within a given multiframe; and calculating means, coupled to said selection means, for calculating the energy accumulated with said given portion using said nonlinear power metric.

Claim 34

A receiver synchronizable with a transmitter using a nonlinear power metric, said receiver comprising: a control signal detector for detecting transmission of a control signal thereto, the control signal transmitted by the transmitter, the control signal being divided into a succession of consecutive multiframes, each of said multiframes comprising a multiplicity of discrete frames therein, and each of said multiframes comprising at least one high-power synchronization signal therein; selection means, coupled to said detector, for selecting a given portion of the control signal within a given multiframe; and calculating means, coupled to said selection means, for calculating the energy accumulated with said given portion using said nonlinear power metric.

Claim 35

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein said control signal generator generates and transmits a multiplicity of high-power synchronization signals within each of said multiframes, said synchronization signals being spaced within each multiframe in accordance with a pattern and respectively separated by unequal offsets, a plurality of said multiframes further comprising other, non-synchronization, high-power signals therein; wherein said selection means selects a high-power signal within said multiframe; wherein said calculating means further calculates the energies accumulated within a plurality of other portions of said control signal, offset from said given portion in accordance with said pattern, and using said nonlinear power metric; and further comprising: an accumulator for summing the energies within the given and other portions of said control signal; and comparison means for comparing the energy sum accumulated in said accumulator to a corresponding energy sum for different given and other portions within said given multiframe and determined in accordance with said method, the maximum energy sum within said given multiframe being selected for subsequent fine synchronization.

Claim 36

The receiver according to claim 31 wherein said nonlinear power metric is a logarithmic power metric.

Claim 37

The receiver according to claim 33, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU23## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the energy accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 38

The receiver according to claim 34, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 39

The receiver according to claim 33, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU24## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 40

The receiver according to claim 36, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 41

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU25## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 42

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU26## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 43

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU27## where r i represents the received energy within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 44

The receiver according to claim 40, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 45

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to the formula: ##EQU28## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 46

The receiver according to claim 42, wherein n equals 2.

Claim 47

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU29## where r i represents the received signal sample within a respective bit i within said given portion, where i ranges from x to y, s i and n i respectively represent the signal and noise components of r i , r i * represents the complex conjugate of r i , n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.

Claim 48

The receiver according to claim 31, wherein the calculating means using said nonlinear power metric calculates the energy accumulated in said given portion of said control signal according to a combination of at least two of the following formulas: ##EQU30## where r(t) represents a function integrated over the range of t=x to t=y corresponding to said given portion, s(t) and n(t) respectively represent signal and noise functions for r(t), r * (t) represents the complex conjugate function of r(t), n is a number greater than 1, and B l represents the accumulated energy within said given portion.