US5771387A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for interrupting a processor by a PCI peripheral across an hierarchy of PCI buses
Assignee: Intel Corp
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Filing: 1996-03-21
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Granted: 1998-06-23
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Expires: 2016-03-21
Abstract
Abstract A number of remote I/O ICUs, enhanced PCI--PCI bridges, and an ICC bus interface unit are distributively provided to a computer system having a processor and an hierarchy of PCI buses for facilitating PCI agents coupled to the lower level PCI buses to interrupt the processor during operation. The remote I/O ICUs, the enhanced functions of the PCI--PCI bridges, and the ICC bus interface unit advantageously leverage the PCI--PCI bridges' conventional ability in handling PCI type 1 configuration write transactions, to facilitate interrupt delivery and end of interrupt notification, by employing two specially defined PCI type 1 configuration write transactions, one for interrupt messages and another for end-of-interrupt (EOI) messages.
Inventors
- 👤 Bruce Young
- 👤 Norm Rasmussen
- 👤 Brad Hosler
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 18:17
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F13/00; G06F13/38; G06F13/40; G06F13/4004; G06F13/4027; G06F13/14; G06F13/20; G06F13/24
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
168 words
A computer system comprising: (a) a processor, a plurality of peripheral component interconnect (PCI) agents, and a plurality of PCI--PCI bridges; (b) a local interrupt controller unit (ICU) associated with the processor to interrupt the processor in response to received interrupt messages; (c) an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus coupled to the local ICU to deliver interrupt messages to the local ICU; (d) an hierarchy of PCI buses coupled to the processor to couple the plurality of PCI agents to the processor, the PCI buses being interveningly interconnected by the PCI--PCI bridges; (e) a plurality of remote ICUs coupled to the PCI agents, and correspondingly associated with the PCI--PCI bridges, to convert interrupts from the associated PCI agents to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses; and (f) an ICC bus interface coupled to the ICC bus and to a top one of the PCI--PCI bridges to convert the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages and provide the interrupt messages to the ICC bus.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
168 words
A computer system comprising: (a) a processor, a plurality of peripheral component interconnect (PCI) agents, and a plurality of PCI--PCI bridges; (b) a local interrupt controller unit (ICU) associated with the processor to interrupt the processor in response to received interrupt messages; (c) an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus coupled to the local ICU to deliver interrupt messages to the local ICU; (d) an hierarchy of PCI buses coupled to the processor to couple the plurality of PCI agents to the processor, the PCI buses being interveningly interconnected by the PCI--PCI bridges; (e) a plurality of remote ICUs coupled to the PCI agents, and correspondingly associated with the PCI--PCI bridges, to convert interrupts from the associated PCI agents to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses; and (f) an ICC bus interface coupled to the ICC bus and to a top one of the PCI--PCI bridges to convert the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages and provide the interrupt messages to the ICC bus.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the remote ICUs generate interrupt messages as PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 2, wherein each of the PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind has an identical predetermined device number, an identical predetermined function number, and an identical predetermined register number.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
41 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 1, wherein a first of the remote ICUs is associated with the top PCI--PCI bridge, and the first remote ICU and the ICC bus interface are jointly implemented in a single combined component.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 4, wherein the single combined component is integrated with the top PCI--PCI bridge.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
77 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the processor returns end of interrupt (EOI) notifications at the end of servicing level sensitive interrupts; the local ICU broadcasts to the ICC bus the EOI notifications as EOI messages; the ICC bus delivers the EOI messages to the ICC bus interface; the ICC bus interface converts the EOI messages and broadcasts the EOI messages downstream as PCI transactions through the PCI buses to the remote ICUs.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 6, wherein the ICC bus interface broadcasts the EOI messages as PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 6, wherein each of the PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind has an identical predetermined device number, an identical predetermined function number, and an identical predetermined register number.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
57 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 6, wherein the remote ICUs further track pending level sensitive interrupts originated from associated ones of the coupled PCI agents, and generate interrupt messages in like manner as PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses for any pending level sensitive interrupts that are still active.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 9, wherein each PCI--PCI bridge further maintains interrupt ordering.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
59 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 10, wherein each PCI--PCI bridge includes a first register to store at least a first interrupt vector identification and associated control information for an interrupt message, and a second register to store at least a second interrupt vector identification and associated control information for an EOI message, for maintaining interrupt ordering.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
37 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 6, wherein each of the PCI--PCI bridges informs the immediately higher level PCI--PCI bridge of the PCI--PCI bridge whether the PCI--PCI bridge is ready to accept an EOI message.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 12, wherein each one of the PCI--PCI bridges informs the immediately higher level PCI--PCI bridge of the PCI--PCI bridge whether the PCI--PCI bridge is ready to accept an EOI message by maintaining an out-of-band communication signal.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
179 words
A computer system comprising: (a) a processor, a plurality of peripheral component interconnect (PCI) agents, and a plurality of PCI--PCI bridges; (b) a local interrupt controller unit (ICU) associated with the processor to interrupt the processor in response to received interrupt messages; (c) an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus coupled to the local ICU to deliver interrupt messages to the local ICU; and (d) an hierarchy of PCI buses coupled to the processor to couple the plurality of PCI agents to the processor, the PCI buses being interveningly interconnected by the PCI--PCI bridges, wherein each PCI--PCI bridge includes a combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU block coupled to associated ones of the PCI agents to convert interrupts from the associated PCI agents to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses if the PCI--PCI bridge is a lower level one of the PCI--PCI bridges, and to convert the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages and provide the interrupt messages to the ICC bus if the PCI--PCI bridge is a top one of the PCI--PCI bridges.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
179 words
A computer system comprising: (a) a processor, a plurality of peripheral component interconnect (PCI) agents, and a plurality of PCI--PCI bridges; (b) a local interrupt controller unit (ICU) associated with the processor to interrupt the processor in response to received interrupt messages; (c) an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus coupled to the local ICU to deliver interrupt messages to the local ICU; and (d) an hierarchy of PCI buses coupled to the processor to couple the plurality of PCI agents to the processor, the PCI buses being interveningly interconnected by the PCI--PCI bridges, wherein each PCI--PCI bridge includes a combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU block coupled to associated ones of the PCI agents to convert interrupts from the associated PCI agents to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses if the PCI--PCI bridge is a lower level one of the PCI--PCI bridges, and to convert the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages and provide the interrupt messages to the ICC bus if the PCI--PCI bridge is a top one of the PCI--PCI bridges.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
45 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 14, wherein the combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU blocks of the PCI--PCI bridges that are the lower level PCI--PCI bridges generate interrupt messages as PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
99 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 14, wherein the processor returns end of interrupt (EOI) notifications at the end of servicing level sensitive interrupts; the local ICU broadcasts to the ICC bus the EOI notifications as EOI messages; the ICC bus delivers the EOI messages to the ICC bus interface; the combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU block of the top PCI--PCI bridge converts the EOI messages and broadcasts the EOI messages downstream as PCI transactions through the PCI buses to the combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU blocks of the lower level PCI--PCI bridges.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 16, wherein the combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU block of the top PCI--PCI bridge broadcast the EOI messages as PCI type 1 configuration write transactions of a specially defined kind.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
60 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 16, wherein the combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU blocks further track pending level sensitive interrupts originated from associated ones of the coupled PCI agents, and convert interrupt messages to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI buses for any pending level sensitive interrupts that are still active.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 18, wherein each PCI--PCI bridge includes a first register to store at least a first interrupt vector identification and associated control information for an interrupt message, and a second register to store at least a second interrupt vector identification and associated control information for an EOI message, for maintaining interrupt ordering.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
44 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 16, wherein each one of the PCI--PCI bridges informs the immediately higher level PCI--PCI bridge of the PCI--PCI bridge whether the PCI--PCI bridge is ready to accept an EOI message by maintaining an out-of-band communication signal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
127 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 14, wherein each combined ICC bus interface and remote ICU block comprises: an interrupt message generation block coupled to associated ones of the PCI agents to generate interrupt messages in response to interrupt requests from the associated ones of the PCI agents; a PCI--PCI bridge interface block coupled to the interrupt message generation block and to a datapath of the integrating PCI--PCI bridge to conditionally converting the interrupt messages to PCI transactions and place the PCI transactions on the datapath, if the integrating PCI--PCI bridge is a lower level PCI--PCI bridge; and a bus interface block coupled to the interrupt message generation block to conditionally output the interrupt messages if the integrating PCI--PCI bridge is the top PCI--PCI bridge.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
91 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 21, wherein the ICC bus interface block is also conditionally coupled to the ICC bus to forward end of interrupt (EOI) messages from the local ICU if the integrating PCI--PCI bridge is the top PCI--PCI bridge; and the PCI--PCI bridge interface block is further coupled to the ICC bus interface block to conditionally convert the EOI messages to PCI transactions and place the PCI transactions on the datapath of the integrating PCI--PCI bridge, if the integrating PCI--PCI bridge is the top PCI--PCI bridge.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
78 words
The computer system as set forth in claim 22, wherein the interrupt message generation block further tracks pending level sensitive interrupts originated by associated ones of the PCI agents, receives the EOI messages from either the interface block if the integrating PCI--PCI is the top PCI--PCI bridge, or from the PCI--PCI bridge interface block if the integrating PCI--PCI is a lower level PCI--PCI bridge, and generates interrupt messages for all pending level sensitive interrupts that are still active.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
133 words
A method for interrupting a processor by a plurality of peripheral components, the method comprising the steps of: (a) generating interrupt messages by the peripheral components; (b) converting the interrupt messages to peripheral component interconnect (PCI) transactions by remote interrupt controller units (ICU); (c) forwarding the PCI transactions upstream to a top PCI--PCI bridge of an hierarchy of PCI buses interconnected by intervening PCI--PCI bridges via the PCI buses; (d) forwarding the PCI transactions to an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus interface by the top PCI--PCI bridge; (e) converting the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages, and providing the interrupt messages to a local ICU associated with the processor via an ICC bus by the ICC bus interface; and (f) interrupting the processor by the local ICU in response to the interrupt messages.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
133 words
A method for interrupting a processor by a plurality of peripheral components, the method comprising the steps of: (a) generating interrupt messages by the peripheral components; (b) converting the interrupt messages to peripheral component interconnect (PCI) transactions by remote interrupt controller units (ICU); (c) forwarding the PCI transactions upstream to a top PCI--PCI bridge of an hierarchy of PCI buses interconnected by intervening PCI--PCI bridges via the PCI buses; (d) forwarding the PCI transactions to an interrupt controller communication (ICC) bus interface by the top PCI--PCI bridge; (e) converting the PCI transactions back into interrupt messages, and providing the interrupt messages to a local ICU associated with the processor via an ICC bus by the ICC bus interface; and (f) interrupting the processor by the local ICU in response to the interrupt messages.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
109 words
The method as set forth in claim 24, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: (g) returning end-of-interrupt (EOI) notifications by the processor for level sensitive interrupts; (h) forwarding the EOI notifications to the ICC bus interface as EOI messages by the local ICU; (i) converting the EOI messages to PCI transactions by the ICC bus interface; (j) broadcasting the EOI messages as PCI transactions for delivery to the remote ICUs via the PCI buses by the ICC bus interface; (k) forwarding the PCI transactions downstream to the lower level PCI--PCI bridges; and (l) forwarding the PCI transactions to the remote ICUs by the lower level PCI--PCI bridges.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
75 words
The method as set forth in claim 25, wherein step (j) further includes informing an immediately higher level PCI--PCI bridge by each lower level PCI--PCI bridge whether the lower level PCI--PCI bridge is ready to receive an EOI message; and the broadcasting from a higher level PCI--PCI bridge to all immediately lower level PCI--PCI bridges of step (j) is performed conditionally when all immediately lower level PCI--PCI bridges are ready to accept an EOI message.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
76 words
The method as set forth in claim 26, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: (m) tracking pending level sensitive interrupts by the remote ICUs; (n) converting the PCI transactions back into EOI messages by the remote ICUs; and (o) in response to each EOI message, converting interrupt messages to PCI transactions for delivery to the processor via the PCI bus by the remote ICUs for any pending level sensitive interrupts that are still active.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-06-22 | 2001-12-22 | 2002-06-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-06-22 | 2005-12-22 | 2006-06-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-12-22 | 2010-06-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |