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US5630818A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Tool holding mechanism for a motor driven surgical instrument
Assignee: Anspach Effort LLC
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Filing: 1995-09-20
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Granted: 1997-05-20
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Expires: 2015-09-20
Abstract
Abstract A surgical instrument has a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle. A tool bit is attached to the motor by a holder that includes a body with a first end portion connected to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture through which a shaft of the tool bit passes into the cavity. A pair of lock pawls are pivotally mounted in the cavity with each one having a first tab that enters a slot in the shaft when the lock pawls are in a first position to hold the tool bit in the instrument. The first tabs retract from the slot when the lock pawls are in a second position for changing the tool bit. The lock pawls have second tabs that engage a restrainer only in the second position to prevent the body from rotating. A ring extends around the body and pivots the lock pawls between the first and second positions when the ring moved longitudinally along the body. A manually operable shift lever is pivotally coupled to the housing and move the ring longitudinally along the body.
Inventors
- 👤 Eddy H. del Rio
- 👤 William E. Anspach, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 04:46
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B17/00; A61B17/16; A61B17/1613; A61B17/162; A61B2017/00477; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T279/00; Y10T279/17; Y10T279/17761; Y10T279/17769; Y10T408/00; Y10T408/89; Y10T408/909; Y10T408/9098
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
207 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a tool bit having a longitudinal shaft, said shaft including a slot formed to provide a longitudinal flat surface; a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive the shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a engaging surface for contacting the surface of the shaft and a first tab having a flat surface, said flat surface being disposed to enter a slot in the shaft and face said longitudinal flat surface when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second positions, said first tab prevent longitudinal retraction of the tool bit from the cavity when the first lock pawl is in the first position; an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
207 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a tool bit having a longitudinal shaft, said shaft including a slot formed to provide a longitudinal flat surface; a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive the shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a engaging surface for contacting the surface of the shaft and a first tab having a flat surface, said flat surface being disposed to enter a slot in the shaft and face said longitudinal flat surface when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second positions, said first tab prevent longitudinal retraction of the tool bit from the cavity when the first lock pawl is in the first position; an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a second lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity having a first tab for entering a slot in the shaft when said second lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said second lock pawl is in a second position.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
60 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said actuator comprises: a ring extending around said body and engaging said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions upon said ring being moved along said body; and a manually operable driver coupled to said housing for engaging said ring to move said ring along said body.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a nose attached to said housing, and having an aperture through which the shaft of the tool bit is received and a bearing which engages the shaft of the tool bit.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flat surface of the first tab engages the longitudinal flat surface when said first tab is in said first position.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flat surface of the first tab is spaced from the longitudinal flat surface when said first tab is in said first position.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
198 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions further comprising a body rotational restrainer adapted to be fixedly connected to the housing; and wherein said first lock pawl has a second tab for engaging said restrainer when said first lock pawl is in the second position to prevent rotation of said body, and disengaging said restrainer when said first lock pawl is in the first position.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
198 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions further comprising a body rotational restrainer adapted to be fixedly connected to the housing; and wherein said first lock pawl has a second tab for engaging said restrainer when said first lock pawl is in the second position to prevent rotation of said body, and disengaging said restrainer when said first lock pawl is in the first position.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein said restrainer comprises a ring gear with teeth that are engaged by the second tab of said first lock pawl.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
248 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions further comprising a second lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity having a first tab for entering a slot in the shaft when said second lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said second lock pawl is in a second position further comprising a restrainer connected to the housing; and wherein said first and second lock pawls have a second tab that engages said restrainer when said first and second lock pawls are in the second position to prevent rotation of said body, and disengage said restrainer in the first position of said first and second lock pawls.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
248 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions further comprising a second lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity having a first tab for entering a slot in the shaft when said second lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said second lock pawl is in a second position further comprising a restrainer connected to the housing; and wherein said first and second lock pawls have a second tab that engages said restrainer when said first and second lock pawls are in the second position to prevent rotation of said body, and disengage said restrainer in the first position of said first and second lock pawls.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
243 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions wherein said actuator comprises: a ring extending around said body and engaging said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions upon said ring being moved along said body; and a manually operable driver coupled to said housing for engaging said ring to move said ring along said body wherein said first lock pawl has a notch; and further comprising a ball located within the notch of said first pawl, wherein said ball when acted upon by centrifugal force due to rotation of said body urges said ring into a given position along said body.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
243 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions wherein said actuator comprises: a ring extending around said body and engaging said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions upon said ring being moved along said body; and a manually operable driver coupled to said housing for engaging said ring to move said ring along said body wherein said first lock pawl has a notch; and further comprising a ball located within the notch of said first pawl, wherein said ball when acted upon by centrifugal force due to rotation of said body urges said ring into a given position along said body.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
218 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions wherein said actuator comprises: a ring extending around said body and engaging said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions upon said ring being moved along said body; and a manually operable driver coupled to said housing for engaging said ring to move said ring along said body wherein said manually operable driver comprises a fork with two tines engaging said ring, and a handle attached to the fork.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
218 words
An apparatus for attaching a tool bit to a surgical instrument having a housing which contains a motor that drives a spindle, said apparatus comprising: a body having a first end portion for attaching to the spindle, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having an aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity wherein the aperture is adapted to receive a shaft of the tool bit that extends into the cavity; a first lock pawl movably mounted in the cavity and having a first tab having a flat surface for entering a slot in the shaft when said first lock pawl is in a first position and retracted from the slot when said first lock pawl is in a second position; and an actuator which engages said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions wherein said actuator comprises: a ring extending around said body and engaging said first lock pawl to produce movement between the first and second positions upon said ring being moved along said body; and a manually operable driver coupled to said housing for engaging said ring to move said ring along said body wherein said manually operable driver comprises a fork with two tines engaging said ring, and a handle attached to the fork.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus as recited in claim 11 wherein said ring has an outer surface with an annular groove; and each tine has a projection extending into the annular groove.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
279 words
A surgical instrument comprising: a housing; a motor within said housing; a restrainer fixedly connected to said housing; a body within said housing and having a first end portion connected to said motor for rotation about an axis, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having a first aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity; a first lock pawl and a second lock pawl pivotally mounted in the cavity, and each respective lock pawl having a first tab projecting toward the axis of rotation and having a second tab projecting away from the axis of rotation, the second tab engaging the restrainer when the respective lock pawl is in a first position to prevent rotation of said body and disengaging said restrainer when the respective lock pawl is in a second position; a ring extending around said body and producing pivotal movement of said first and second lock pawls when said ring is moved along said body; a manually operable shift lever pivotally coupled to said housing and engaging said ring to produce movement of said ring along said body thereby pivoting said first and second lock pawls; and a tool bit with a shaft extending through the first aperture in the second end portion of said body and into the cavity, and the shaft having an axial stop; wherein the first tab of at least one of said first and second lock pawls engages the axial stop on the shaft of the tool bit when said first and second lock pawls are in the second position, and disengages the axial stop when said first and second lock pawls are in the first position.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
279 words
A surgical instrument comprising: a housing; a motor within said housing; a restrainer fixedly connected to said housing; a body within said housing and having a first end portion connected to said motor for rotation about an axis, a central portion with a cavity therein, and a second end portion having a first aperture therethrough in communication with the cavity; a first lock pawl and a second lock pawl pivotally mounted in the cavity, and each respective lock pawl having a first tab projecting toward the axis of rotation and having a second tab projecting away from the axis of rotation, the second tab engaging the restrainer when the respective lock pawl is in a first position to prevent rotation of said body and disengaging said restrainer when the respective lock pawl is in a second position; a ring extending around said body and producing pivotal movement of said first and second lock pawls when said ring is moved along said body; a manually operable shift lever pivotally coupled to said housing and engaging said ring to produce movement of said ring along said body thereby pivoting said first and second lock pawls; and a tool bit with a shaft extending through the first aperture in the second end portion of said body and into the cavity, and the shaft having an axial stop; wherein the first tab of at least one of said first and second lock pawls engages the axial stop on the shaft of the tool bit when said first and second lock pawls are in the second position, and disengages the axial stop when said first and second lock pawls are in the first position.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 wherein said restrainer comprises a ring gear with teeth that are engaged by the second tab of said first and second lock pawls.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
55 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 wherein each of said first and second lock pawls has a notch; and further comprising a separate ball located within each notch, wherein the balls when acted upon by centrifugal force due to rotation of said body urge said ring into a given position along said body.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
43 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 wherein said manually operable shift lever comprises a handle, and a fork attached to said handle and having two tines with each tine located on a different side of said ring for engaging said ring.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 16 wherein said ring has an outer surface with an annular groove; and said manually operable shift lever a separate pin extending from each tine into the annular groove of said ring.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
42 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 further comprising a nose attached to said housing, and having an aperture through which the shaft of the tool bit is received and having a bearing that engages the shaft of the tool bit.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
32 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 wherein part of the shaft of said tool bit has a polygonal cross section with surfaces which engage said first and second lock pawls.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
The surgical instrument as recited in claim 13 wherein the shaft of the tool bit has an end with a polygonal cross section which fits into a second aperture in said body.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4978350A
Cited
US5219174A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2000-05-19 | 2000-11-18 | 2001-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2004-05-19 | 2004-11-18 | 2005-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-11-18 | 2009-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |