Diffractive display and method utilizing reflective or transmissive light yielding single pixel full color capability

Claim 2

A display comprising an element which carries a holographic diffraction pattern which element is connected to a source energizable for movement of said element, wherein said holographic diffraction pattern is moved by movement of said element and wherein movement of said holographic diffraction pattern diffracts energy incident on said holographic diffraction pattern to generate different select diffracted energies from said holographic diffraction pattern.

Claim 3

The display of claim 1, wherein said element comprises a bimorph element.

Claim 4

The display of claim 2, wherein said diffraction pattern is embossed on said bimorph element.

Claim 5

The display of claim 3, wherein said embossed bimorph element reflects said diffracted energy.

Claim 6

The display of claim 3, wherein said embossed bimorph element is transmissive to said incident energy to generate said diffracted energy.

Claim 7

The display of claim 3, wherein said pattern is embossed directly on said bimorph element.

Claim 8

The display of claim 3, wherein said pattern is embossed on a film which is laminated to said bimorph element.

Claim 9

The display of claim 1, wherein said element is connected to an electrical or magnetic source for movement of said element.

Claim 10

The display of claim 2, wherein said bimorph element is connected in parallel to said electrical source.

Claim 11

The display of claim 2, wherein said element is connected in series to said electrical source.

Claim 12

The display of claim 3, wherein said element is connected to an electrical source for movement of said element.

Claim 13

The display of claim 11, wherein said bimorph element is connected in parallel to said electrical source.

Claim 14

The display of claim 11, wherein said bimorph element is connected in series to said electrical source.

Claim 15

A matrix of the display of claim 1.

Claim 16

A matrix of the display of claim 3.

Claim 17

The display of claim 3, wherein said bimorph is formed from layers of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

Claim 18

The display of claim 1, wherein said element has a pivot axis and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot axis.

Claim 19

The display of claim 17, wherein said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 20

The display of claim 17, wherein said magnets are disposed beneath said element ends.

Claim 21

The display of claim 17, wherein said magnets are disposed adjacent to and at said element ends.

Claim 22

The display of claim 20, wherein a sound film is placed above at least one of said pair of magnets with another electrically energizable coil placed between said sound film and said magnet in an orientation whereby the electromotive force generated by current in said another coil is substantially orthogonal to said sound film, whereby energizing said another coil causes said sound film to vibrate to generate sound.

Claim 23

A transmissive diffractive display, which comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent inner surface; and (d) a transmissive discrete element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, said discrete element having an inner surface and an outer energy diffractive surface adjacent said spacer aperture which diffractive surface bears a diffraction pattern for diffracting energy passed therethrough when said element is in a relaxed state, said discrete element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting a different diffraction of energy passed therethrough when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy transmitted through the diffraction pattern is diffracted and then passes through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said diffracted energy onto the transparent rigid member.

Claim 24

A transmissive diffractive display, which comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent inner surface; and (d) a transmissive discrete element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, said discrete element having an inner surface and an outer energy diffractive surface adjacent said spacer aperture which diffractive surface bears a diffraction pattern for diffracting energy passed therethrough when said element is in a relaxed state, said discrete element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting a different diffraction of energy passed therethrough when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy transmitted through the diffraction pattern is diffracted and then passes through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said diffracted energy onto the transparent rigid member.

Claim 25

The display of claim 22, wherein said diffraction pattern is embossed in said element.

Claim 26

The display of claim 22, wherein said diffraction pattern is embossed in a transmissive layer which is laminated to said element.

Claim 27

The display of claim 23, wherein said outer transparent rigid member outer surface is coated with a non-linear coating to restrict energy incident of the transparent rigid member inner surface.

Claim 28

The display of claim 22, wherein said discrete lens element is one or more of a holographic lens element or a diffractive lens element.

Claim 29

The display of claim 22, wherein said element is a bimorph element.

Claim 30

The display of claim 22, wherein said element has a pivot axis and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot axis.

Claim 31

The display of claim 28, wherein said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 32

The display of claim 28, wherein said magnets are disposed beneath said element ends.

Claim 33

The display of claim 28, wherein said magnets are disposed adjacent to and at said element ends.

Claim 34

The display of claim 31, wherein a sound film is placed above at least one of said pair of magnets with another electrically energizable coil placed between said sound film and said magnet in an orientation whereby the electromotive force generated by current in said another coil is substantially orthogonal to said sound film, whereby energizing said another coil causes said sound film to vibrate to generate sound.

Claim 35

The display of claim 27, wherein said bimorph is formed from layers of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

Claim 36

The display of claim 22, wherein the function of items (b)-(d) comprises: a film having said outer diffractive surface which is the function of item (d) and a focused developed holographic image of said aperture which is the function of items (b) and (c), the film being a distance from said member (a) effective for focusing said image on the inner surface of member (a).

Claim 37

A reflective diffractive display, which comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member passing incoming energy incident on its outer surface but restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, said lens element focusing energy passed through said outer transparent rigid member and incident thereon; (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent outer surface; and (d) an element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, which element has an outer energy reflecting surface adjacent said spacer aperture which reflecting surface bears a diffraction grating which permits reflectance of selected diffracted energy incident on said outer element surface when said element is in a relaxed state, said element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting reflectance of different diffracted energy incident on said element outer surface when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy incident on the transparent rigid member outer surface passes therethrough and is focused through said aperture and incident on the diffraction grating, selected energy then is reflected back from said diffraction grating through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said selected energy onto the transparent rigid member outer surface.

Claim 38

A reflective diffractive display, which comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member passing incoming energy incident on its outer surface but restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, said lens element focusing energy passed through said outer transparent rigid member and incident thereon; (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent outer surface; and (d) an element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, which element has an outer energy reflecting surface adjacent said spacer aperture which reflecting surface bears a diffraction grating which permits reflectance of selected diffracted energy incident on said outer element surface when said element is in a relaxed state, said element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting reflectance of different diffracted energy incident on said element outer surface when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy incident on the transparent rigid member outer surface passes therethrough and is focused through said aperture and incident on the diffraction grating, selected energy then is reflected back from said diffraction grating through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said selected energy onto the transparent rigid member outer surface.

Claim 39

The display of claim 35, wherein said diffraction pattern is embossed in said element.

Claim 40

The display of claim 35, wherein said diffraction pattern is embossed in a transmissive layer which is laminated to said element.

Claim 41

The display of claim 35, wherein said element is a bimorph element.

Claim 42

The display of claim 35, wherein said element has a pivot axis and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot axis.

Claim 43

The display of claim 39, wherein said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 44

The display of claim 39, wherein said magnets are disposed beneath said element ends.

Claim 45

The display of claim 39, wherein said magnets are disposed adjacent to and at said element ends.

Claim 46

The display of claim 42, wherein a sound film is placed above at least one of said pair of magnets with another electrically energizable coil placed between said sound film and said magnet in an orientation whereby the electromotive force generated by current in said another coil is substantially orthogonal to said sound film, whereby energizing said another coil causes said sound film to vibrate to generate sound.

Claim 47

The display of claim 35, wherein said bimorph is connected in series to said electrical source.

Claim 48

The display of claim 35, wherein said bimorph is formed from layers of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

Claim 49

The display of claim 35, wherein the function of items (b)-(d) comprises: a film having said outer diffractive surface which is the function of item (d) and a focused developed holographic image of said aperture which is the function of items (b) and (c), the film being a distance from said member (a) effective for focusing said image on the inner surface of member (a).

Claim 52

The method of claim 47, wherein said display comprises a diffraction pattern embossed on a bimorph element which bimorph element is connected to an electrical source for movement of said bimorph element.

Claim 53

The method of claim 48, wherein said directed energy comprises visible light and said bimorph element is controlled to generate select colors.

Claim 54

The method of claim 48, wherein said display is composed of a matrix of said bimorph elements for providing a matrix of select diffracted energy.

Claim 55

The method of claim 49, wherein said display is composed of a matrix of said bimorph elements for providing a matrix of select colors.

Claim 56

The method of claim 48, wherein said embossed element reflects said directed energy.

Claim 57

The method of claim 48, wherein said embossed element is transmissive to said directed energy.

Claim 58

The method of claim 47, wherein said element has a pivot point at its center of gravity and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot point.

Claim 59

The display of claim 54, wherein said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 60

The display of claim 54, wherein said magnets are disposed beneath said element ends.

Claim 61

The display of claim 54, wherein said magnets are disposed adjacent to and at said element ends.

Claim 62

The display of claim 57, wherein a sound film is placed above at least one of said pair of magnets with another electrically energizable coil placed between said sound film and said magnet in an orientation whereby the electromotive force generated by current in said another coil is substantially orthogonal to said sound film, whereby energizing said another coil causes said sound film to vibrate to generate sound.

Claim 63

The method of claim 47, wherein said display provided comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent inner surface; and (d) a transmissive discrete element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, said discrete element having an inner surface and an outer energy diffractive surface adjacent said spacer aperture which diffractive surface bears a diffraction pattern for diffracting energy passed therethrough when said element is in a relaxed state, said discrete element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting a different diffraction of energy passed therethrough when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy transmitted through the diffraction pattern is diffracted and then passes through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said diffracted energy onto the transparent rigid member.

Claim 64

The display of claim 59, wherein the function of items (b)-(d) comprises: a film having said outer diffractive surface which is the function of item (d) and a focused developed holographic image of said aperture which is the function of items (b) and (c), the film being a distance from said member (a) effective for focusing said image on the inner surface of member (a).

Claim 65

The method of claim 47, wherein said display provided comprises: (a) an outer transparent rigid member having an outer surface and an inner surface, said member passing incoming energy incident on its outer surface and restricting reflected energy incident on its inner surface; (b) a discrete lens element having an apparent outer surface and an apparent inner surface and being adjacent said outer transparent rigid member, said lens element reflecting energy passed through said outer transparent rigid member and incident thereon from the lens element apparent outer surface onto the outer transparent rigid member with such energy then being reflected back through said lens element; (c) a rigid opaque spacer having an outer surface and an inner surface, and having an energy aperture in registration with said discrete lens element and disposed in adjacency to the lens element apparent inner surface; and (d) an element in registration with said rigid opaque spacer aperture, which element has an outer energy reflecting surface adjacent said spacer aperture which reflecting surface bears a diffraction grating which permits reflectance of selected diffracted energy incident on said outer element surface when said element is in a relaxed state, said element connected to an electrical source effective to generate selected excited states therefor wherein said element is physically displaced from its location in a relaxed state, said element permitting reflectance of different diffracted energy incident on said element outer surface when said element is in an excited state; whereby energy incident on the transparent rigid member outer surface passes therethrough and is directed through said aperture and incident on the diffraction grating, selected energy then is reflected back from said diffraction grating through said aperture through said lens element which focuses said selected energy onto the transparent rigid member outer surface.

Claim 66

The display of claim 61, wherein the function of items (b)-(d) comprises: a film having said outer diffractive surface which is the function of item (d) and a focused developed holographic image of said aperture which is the function of items .(b) and (c), the film being a distance from said member (a) effective for focusing said image on the inner surface of member (a).

Claim 67

A display comprising a piezoelectric film which carries a holographic diffraction pattern which piezoelectric film is connected to an electrical source for movement of said piezoelectric film, wherein said holographic diffraction pattern is moved by movement of said piezoelectric film and wherein movement of said holographic diffraction pattern diffracts energy incident on said holographic diffraction pattern to generate different select diffracted energies from the holographic diffraction pattern.

Claim 68

A display comprising a piezoelectric film which carries a holographic diffraction pattern which piezoelectric film is connected to an electrical source for movement of said piezoelectric film, wherein said holographic diffraction pattern is moved by movement of said piezoelectric film and wherein movement of said holographic diffraction pattern diffracts energy incident on said holographic diffraction pattern to generate different select diffracted energies from the holographic diffraction pattern.

Claim 69

The display of claim 63, wherein said embossed piezoelectric film reflects said diffracted energy.

Claim 70

The display of claim 63, wherein said embossed piezoelectric film is transmissive to said incident energy to generate said diffracted energy.

Claim 71

The display of claim 63, wherein said piezoelectric film is connected in parallel to said electrical source.

Claim 72

The display of claim 63, wherein said piezoelectric film is connected in series to said electrical source.

Claim 73

A matrix of the embossed piezoelectric films of claim 63.

Claim 74

The display of claim 63, wherein said piezoelectric film is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

Claim 75

A display comprising a diffraction pattern embossed on an element wherein said element has a pivot point at its center of gravity and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot point to diffract energy incident thereon to generate diffracted energy from the element.

Claim 76

A display comprising a diffraction pattern embossed on an element wherein said element has a pivot point at its center of gravity and a pair of ends each of which bear electrically energizable coils which are magnetically coupled with a pair of magnets which are spaced apart from said element ends, whereby energizing said coils causes said element to rotate about its pivot point to diffract energy incident thereon to generate diffracted energy from the element.

Claim 77

The display of claim 70, said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 78

The display of claim 70, wherein said magnets are magnetically coupled through a magnetic back.

Claim 79

The display of claim 70, wherein said magnets are disposed beneath said element ends.

Claim 80

The display of claim 70, wherein said magnets are disposed adjacent to and at said element ends.

Claim 81

The display of claim 74, wherein a sound film is placed above at least one of said pair of magnets with another electrically energizable coil placed between said sound film and said magnet in an orientation whereby the electromotive force generated by current in said another coil is substantially orthogonal to said sound film, whereby energizing said another coil causes said sound film to vibrate to generate sound.