US5592386A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for the detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures
Assignee: Noranda Inc
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Filing: 1995-07-07
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Granted: 1997-01-07
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Expires: 2015-07-07
Abstract
Abstract In a method and apparatus for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders is acquired. The acquired data is transformed using a computer to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms. An optimization algorithm is used to obtain a number of parameters corresponding to the number of cylinders of the machine for both compression and expansion cycles of the machine in an independent manner and for each cylinder. The optimized parameters and the transformed torque waveforms are then presented to the user to identify each cylinder's condition.
Inventors
- 👤 Philippe Gaultier
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 13:21
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01M; G01M15/00; G01M15/04; G01M15/042; G01M15/046; F; F02; F02D; F02D2200/00; F02D2200/02; F02D2200/10; F02D2200/1015; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T74/00; Y10T74/21; Y10T74/2173; Y10T74/2183; Y10T74/2184
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising the steps of: a) acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; b) transforming said acquired data using a computer to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms; c) using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain: (i) a coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle for each cylinder, and (ii) a coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle for each cylinder, wherein the coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle is derived independently from the coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle; d) presenting the compression coefficient, the expansion coefficient, and the transformed torque waveforms to a user to distinguish between compression faults and expansion faults for each cylinder; and e) determining a reciprocating machine imbalance by detecting at least one of the compression fault and the expansion fault.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising the steps of: a) acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; b) transforming said acquired data using a computer to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms; c) using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain: (i) a coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle for each cylinder, and (ii) a coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle for each cylinder, wherein the coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle is derived independently from the coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle; d) presenting the compression coefficient, the expansion coefficient, and the transformed torque waveforms to a user to distinguish between compression faults and expansion faults for each cylinder; and e) determining a reciprocating machine imbalance by detecting at least one of the compression fault and the expansion fault.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the data is filtered to remove systematic errors generated during data acquisition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the coefficients are presented in a graphical format for interpretation by the user.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the torque waveform and the optimization coefficients for individual cylinders are presented for interpretation by the user.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the step of using a model-based optimization algorithm includes the step of using an algorithm to derive the compression cycle coefficient and the expansion cycle coefficient from torque values.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said optimization algorithm includes parameters corresponding to the mass of the reciprocating parts.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the sum of compression and expansion optimization coefficients for each cylinder are presented to the user.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said optimization algorithm is independent of engine type and number of cylinders.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the algorithm is optimized by running a plurality of iterations.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
112 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of using an optimization algorithm includes the step of iterating f i c and f i ' in the following equation to optimize ε: ##EQU8## where ε comprises a near-defined error constant between theoretical and test engine torque waveforms; τ (θ) comprises torque from all cylinders superimposed; τ c (θ i ) comprises torque due to compression forces for each cylinder i; f i c comprises the compression coefficient for each cylinder i; τ'(θ i ) comprises torque due to expansion forces for each cylinder i; f i ' comprises the expansion coefficient for each cylinder i; and n comprises the cylinder number.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
188 words
A method for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising the steps of: acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; transforming said acquired data using a computer to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms; using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain a compression coefficient for each cylinder and an expansion coefficient for each cylinder by iterating f i c and f i ' in the following equation to optimize ε: ##EQU9## where ε comprises a near-defined error constant between theoretical and test engine torque waveforms; τ (θ) comprises torque from all cylinders superimposed; τ c (θ i ) comprises torque due to compression forces for each cylinder i; f i c comprises the compression coefficient for each cylinder i; τ'(θ i ) comprises torque due to expansion forces for each cylinder i; f i ' comprises the expansion coefficient for each cylinder i; and n comprises the cylinder number; determining a reciprocating machine imbalance by detecting at least one of a compression fault and an expansion fault utilizing said compression coefficient and said expansion coefficient.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
188 words
A method for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising the steps of: acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; transforming said acquired data using a computer to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms; using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain a compression coefficient for each cylinder and an expansion coefficient for each cylinder by iterating f i c and f i ' in the following equation to optimize ε: ##EQU9## where ε comprises a near-defined error constant between theoretical and test engine torque waveforms; τ (θ) comprises torque from all cylinders superimposed; τ c (θ i ) comprises torque due to compression forces for each cylinder i; f i c comprises the compression coefficient for each cylinder i; τ'(θ i ) comprises torque due to expansion forces for each cylinder i; f i ' comprises the expansion coefficient for each cylinder i; and n comprises the cylinder number; determining a reciprocating machine imbalance by detecting at least one of a compression fault and an expansion fault utilizing said compression coefficient and said expansion coefficient.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 11, wherein said optimization algorithm includes parameters corresponding to the mass of the reciprocating parts.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 11, wherein said optimization algorithm is independent of engine type and number of cylinders.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 11, further comprising the step of presenting in graphical form the compression coefficient for each cylinder and the expansion coefficient for each cylinder.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
114 words
A system for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising: means for acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; and processing means for (i) transforming said acquired data to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms, (ii) using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain: a coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle for each cylinder, and a coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle for each cylinder, the coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle being derived independently from the coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle, (iii) outputting a first signal corresponding to the compression coefficient, and a second signal corresponding to the expansion coefficient.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
114 words
A system for detection of reciprocating machine faults and failures, comprising: means for acquiring data representing velocity variation waveforms of a reciprocating machine having a plurality of cylinders; and processing means for (i) transforming said acquired data to produce torque waveforms corresponding to the acquired velocity variation waveforms, (ii) using a model-based optimization algorithm to obtain: a coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle for each cylinder, and a coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle for each cylinder, the coefficient corresponding to the expansion cycle being derived independently from the coefficient corresponding to the compression cycle, (iii) outputting a first signal corresponding to the compression coefficient, and a second signal corresponding to the expansion coefficient.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein said processing means simultaneously displays the compression coefficient and the expansion coefficient in graphical form.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
102 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein said processing means obtains the compression coefficient and the expansion coefficient according to the following equation: ##EQU10## where ε comprises a near-defined error constant between theoretical and test engine torque waveforms; τ (θ) comprises torque from all cylinders superimposed; τ c (θ i ) comprises torque due to compression forces for each cylinder i; f i c comprises the compression coefficient for each cylinder i; τ'(θ i ) comprises torque due to expansion forces for each cylinder i; f i ' comprises the expansion coefficient for each cylinder i; and n comprises the cylinder number.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein said processing means uses the optimization algorithm by incorporating therein parameters corresponding to the mass of the reciprocating parts.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein said processing means processes the optimization algorithm a plurality of times for each cylinder to optimize the compression coefficient and the expansion coefficient.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
A system according to claim 15, wherein said processing means uses an optimization algorithm which is independent of engine type and number of cylinders.
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