US5499296A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Natural input encryption and method of use
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1994-08-22
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Granted: 1996-03-12
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Expires: 2014-08-22
Abstract
Abstract Secure devices (e.g., a cryptophone, a cryptofax, a computer or other such electronic device) have an encryptor and a digitizer, the digitizer for receiving an input and generating an output supplied to the encryptor. According to the invention, the encryptor and the digitizer are coupled either physically, logically or through non-tamperable software to guarantee that a given ciphertext is the encryption, generated by the encryptor, of an output generated by the digitizer.
Inventors
- 👤 Silvio Micali
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 21:17
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04L; H04L9/00; H04L9/32; H04L9/3247
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
In a secure device having an encryptor and a digitizer, the digitizer for receiving an input i and generating an output supplied to the encryptor, the improvement comprising: coupling the encryptor to the digitizer in such a manner as to guarantee that a given ciphertext is the encryption, generated by the encryptor, of an output i', generated by the digitizer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
In a secure device having an encryptor and a digitizer, the digitizer for receiving an input i and generating an output supplied to the encryptor, the improvement comprising: coupling the encryptor to the digitizer in such a manner as to guarantee that a given ciphertext is the encryption, generated by the encryptor, of an output i', generated by the digitizer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
In the secure device as described in claim 1 wherein the encryptor is located within a tamper-proof area of the secure device.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
In the secure device as described in claim 2 wherein the coupling between the encryptor and the digitizer is achieved by locating the digitizer in the tamper-proof area of the secure device.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
77 words
In the secure device as described in claim 1 wherein the coupling between the encryptor and the digitizer is achieved by: (a) having the digitizer send the encryptor a signal conveying the output i' and a guarantee that the output i' was produced by the digitizer; (b) having the encryptor check the guarantee that the output i' was produced by the digitizer; and (c) having the encryptor encrypt the output i' if the check has been satisfied.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
In the secure device as described in claim 4 wherein the signal depends on a secret key available to the digitizer and the encryptor.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
In the secure device as described in claim 4 wherein the guarantee in the signal includes a digital signature.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
In the secure device as described in claim 4 wherein a portion of the digitizer or the encryptor is contained in a tamper-proof area.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
In the secure device as described in claim 7 wherein a portion of the digitizer or the encryptor is implemented in software not residing the tamper-proof area.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
In the secure device as described in claim 7 wherein the digitizer software is written to insure that the software's input-output relation cannot be altered without being detected.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
In the secure device as described in claim 1 wherein the encryptor outputs an encryption of input i together with an authentication tag.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
In the secure device as described in claim 1 wherein the encryptor and the digitizer are coupled by implementing at least a portion of the digitizer using executable but non-tamperable code.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
68 words
A method to guarantee that a given ciphertext is the encryption generated by a given encryptor of an output i' generated by a given digitizer, comprising the steps of: locating the encryptor within a tamper-proof area of a secure device; having the digitizer send output i' to the encryptor located within the tamper-proof area after checking that a given input i to the digitizer satisfies some given properties.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
68 words
A method to guarantee that a given ciphertext is the encryption generated by a given encryptor of an output i' generated by a given digitizer, comprising the steps of: locating the encryptor within a tamper-proof area of a secure device; having the digitizer send output i' to the encryptor located within the tamper-proof area after checking that a given input i to the digitizer satisfies some given properties.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as described in claim 12 wherein the encryptor outputs the ciphertext together with an authentication tag.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as described in claim 13 wherein the authentication tag is dependent on a secret key.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as described in claim 12 wherein the encryptor is implemented in a cryptophone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as described in claim 12 wherein the encryptor is implemented in a cryptofax.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as described in claim 12 wherein the encryptor is implemented in a computer.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
83 words
A method to guarantee that a given output is generated by a given algorithm A comprising the steps of: choosing an algorithm S capable of generating digital guarantees; writing a single program P that, given any input i, outputs A(i), the output of A on input i, together with S(A(i)), a guarantee generated by S that A(i) is an output of A; and embedding into P one or more artificial complexities that make it harder for an enemy to recover S from P.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
83 words
A method to guarantee that a given output is generated by a given algorithm A comprising the steps of: choosing an algorithm S capable of generating digital guarantees; writing a single program P that, given any input i, outputs A(i), the output of A on input i, together with S(A(i)), a guarantee generated by S that A(i) is an output of A; and embedding into P one or more artificial complexities that make it harder for an enemy to recover S from P.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
93 words
A method to guarantee that a given output is generated by a given algorithm A, comprising the steps of: combining A and a digital-guarantee algorithm S to produce a public algorithm P such that, on any input x, public algorithm P outputs y, a correct output of algorithm A on input x, together with a string s guaranteeing that y is the output of algorithm A on input x; and embedding into P one or more artificial complexities that makes it hard for an enemy to compute an output pair (y,s) of P.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
93 words
A method to guarantee that a given output is generated by a given algorithm A, comprising the steps of: combining A and a digital-guarantee algorithm S to produce a public algorithm P such that, on any input x, public algorithm P outputs y, a correct output of algorithm A on input x, together with a string s guaranteeing that y is the output of algorithm A on input x; and embedding into P one or more artificial complexities that makes it hard for an enemy to compute an output pair (y,s) of P.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-03-12 | 1999-09-11 | 2000-03-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-03-12 | 2003-09-11 | 2004-03-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-03-12 | 2007-09-11 | 2008-03-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |