US5495345A
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US
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Imaging system with two level dithering using comparator
Assignee: Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
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Filing: 1992-10-15
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Granted: 1996-02-27
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Expires: 2012-10-15
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to an image processing system which relies upon quantization and dithering techniques to enable an output device, which has a given number of output levels, to accurately reproduce a image which is generated by an input device, which has a greater or equal number of input levels. Generally, neither the number of input nor output levels need to be a power of two. The present invention is implemented in a number of different embodiments. These embodiments generally rely upon an image processor which, depending on the particular implementation, includes memory devices and an adder, a comparator, or a bit shifter. Additional embodiments use an image adjustment system to refine the raw input levels of the input device, in order to create an improved output image. Also, the particular embodiments of the image processors can be used in connection with imaging systems having bi-tonal, monochromatic, or color input and output devices.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert A. Ulichney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 13:44
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/90; H04N1/00; H04N1/40; H04N1/40087
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
An apparatus for translating input levels of an imaging system to corresponding output levels, said apparatus comprising: memory means for storing dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell, the input device having any number of input levels, provided the number is greater than two, and the input device being adapted for coupling with an output device in which the number of output levels is equal to two; means for comparing an input level of the input cell to the dither template value produced by the memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to the input level wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
164 words
An apparatus for translating input levels of an imaging system to corresponding output levels, said apparatus comprising: memory means for storing dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell, the input device having any number of input levels, provided the number is greater than two, and the input device being adapted for coupling with an output device in which the number of output levels is equal to two; means for comparing an input level of the input cell to the dither template value produced by the memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to the input level wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the normalized dither template values (D<x',y'>) are related to Δ Q ; a Δ d ; a dither template (T<x',y'>); and a number of template levels of the imaging system (NTL) by: Δ.sub.d =Δ.sub.Q /(NTL); and D<x',y'>=int {Δ.sub.d (T<x',y'>)+0.5}.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the dither template values are phase adjusted by spatially shifting the values within the dither template.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
78 words
The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the phase adjusted dither template values (d<x',y'>) are related to Δ Q ; a Δ d ; a dither template (T<x',y'>); a number of template levels of the imaging system (NTL); a phase value of the x,y address of an input cell (phase -- x, phase -- y); and the dimensions of said second memory means (M mm , N mm ) by: Δ.sub.d =Δ.sub.Q /(NTL); D<x',y'>=int {Δ.sub.d (T<x',y'>)+0.5}; and ##EQU5##
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus as in claim 4, wherein said comparing means provides an output level, OL<x,y>, which corresponds to an input level IL<x,y> on the basis of: If IL<x,y>>d<x',y'>, then OL<x, y>=1, else OL<x,y>=0.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
183 words
An apparatus for translating input levels of an imaging system to corresponding output levels, said apparatus comprising: Look Up Table (LUT) generator means for generating dither template values for the input levels of an imaging system, which has an input device which is able to represent any number of input levels provided that number is equal to or greater than two, and which has an output device in which the number of output is equal to two; memory means for storing the dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; and means for comparing an input level to the dither template value produced by said memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to the input level, wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
183 words
An apparatus for translating input levels of an imaging system to corresponding output levels, said apparatus comprising: Look Up Table (LUT) generator means for generating dither template values for the input levels of an imaging system, which has an input device which is able to represent any number of input levels provided that number is equal to or greater than two, and which has an output device in which the number of output is equal to two; memory means for storing the dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; and means for comparing an input level to the dither template value produced by said memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to the input level, wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus as in claim 6, wherein the dither template values are phase adjusted by spatially shifting the values within the dither template.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
An apparatus as in claim 7, further comprising an image adjustment system, said image adjustment system being responsive to a raw input levels produced by an input device to provide an input level to said comparing means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
197 words
An imaging system comprising: an output device in which the number of output levels is equal to two; an input device which is capable of producing a number of input levels, the number of input levels being any number which is greater than to two; an image processor, coupled between said input and output devices, for translating the input levels to corresponding output levels, said image processor including: Look Up Table (LUT) generator means for generating dither template values for the input levels of said input device, wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels; memory means for storing the dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of said input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; and means for comparing an input level of an input cell to the dither template value produced by said memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to an input level.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
197 words
An imaging system comprising: an output device in which the number of output levels is equal to two; an input device which is capable of producing a number of input levels, the number of input levels being any number which is greater than to two; an image processor, coupled between said input and output devices, for translating the input levels to corresponding output levels, said image processor including: Look Up Table (LUT) generator means for generating dither template values for the input levels of said input device, wherein the dither template values are normalized by symmetrically distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels; memory means for storing the dither template values, said memory means being responsive to an address of an input cell of said input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; and means for comparing an input level of an input cell to the dither template value produced by said memory means to provide an output level which corresponds to an input level.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The imaging system as in claim 9, wherein the dither template values are phase adjusted by spatially shifting the values within the dither template.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
The imaging system as in claim 10, further including a second image processor, and wherein the input levels of the input device are components of a color system.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
173 words
A method of translating input levels of an imaging system to output levels, said method comprising the steps of: generating dither template values for the input levels of an imaging system, which has any number of input and two output levels, provided the number of input levels is greater than two; normalizing the dither template values by distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels; storing the dither template values in a memory means, said memory means being responsive to the address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; comparing the dither template value output by the memory means in response to an address of the input cell to an input level of the input cell; and outputting an output level which corresponds to the input level based on the results of said comparing step.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
173 words
A method of translating input levels of an imaging system to output levels, said method comprising the steps of: generating dither template values for the input levels of an imaging system, which has any number of input and two output levels, provided the number of input levels is greater than two; normalizing the dither template values by distributing the dither template values between 0 and Δ Q , where Δ Q =(NIL-1)/(NOL-1), NIL is the number of input levels, and NOL is the number of output levels; storing the dither template values in a memory means, said memory means being responsive to the address of an input cell of an input device to provide a dither template value which corresponds to the address of the input cell; comparing the dither template value output by the memory means in response to an address of the input cell to an input level of the input cell; and outputting an output level which corresponds to the input level based on the results of said comparing step.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method as in claim 12, wherein said generating step includes: phase adjusting the dither template values by spatially shifting the values within the dither template.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-08-28 | 2000-02-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-08-28 | 2004-02-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-02-26 | 2007-08-28 | 2008-02-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |