US5477228A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Differential global positioning system using radio data system
Assignee: Trimble Inc
•
Filing: 1993-04-13
•
Granted: 1995-12-19
•
Expires: 2013-04-13
Abstract
Abstract Differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS), which operates with signals from a plurality of orbiting satellites, are provided in a first standard format, such as a RTCM SC-104 format, for each satellite in view of a reference receiver station. The differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information. The differential correction signals are then encoded according to a second standard format, such as the RDS format. The transmission time of the signals in the second standard format are then prioritized. A broadcast transmitter, such as a broadcast FM transmitter, is then modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format and a receiver receives and demodulates the broadcast signal. The broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format are then decoded to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format. Various prioritization schemes are provided such as: prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites; prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value; prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value; and prioritizing according to the range error or acceleration corrections signals for the various satellites. In addition to prioritizing, the RTCM signals is compressed and a 1/8 minute time clock is used to simplify processing at a user receiver.
Inventors
- 👤 Anil Tiwari
- 👤 Lynn Weber
- 👤 Ronald P. Haley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 08:19
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S19/00; G01S19/38; G01S19/39; G01S19/40; G01S19/41
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
131 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential corrections signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
131 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential corrections signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 2 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The system of claim 2 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 2 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 2 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the first standard format is a Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) standard format for differential Navstar GPS services.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the transmitter means is an FM broadcast transmitter and wherein the receiver means is a FM receiver.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
89 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential corrections signals in the first standard format to guide in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmission means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
89 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential corrections signals in the first standard format to guide in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmission means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The system of claim 10 wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 11 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
The system of claim 11 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 11 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
36 words
The system of claim 11 wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The system of claim 10 wherein the first standard format is a Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) standard format for differential Navstar GPS services.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 10 wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 10 wherein the transmitter means is an FM broadcast transmitter and wherein the receiver means is a FM receiver.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for receiving information from a plurality of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and for rebroadcasting a selected portion of this information for receipt by selected recipients, the method comprising the steps of: providing a GPS receiver/processor to receive GPS signals from K GPS satellites, consecutively numbered k=1, 2, . . . , K(K≧2); providing a transmitter connected to the GPS receiver/processor to rebroadcast selected GPS signals in each of a sequence of time intervals given by t i <t<t i+1 , for receipt by selected recipients; and using the transmitter to rebroadcast selected GPS signal range information received from satellite number k0 at a selected time t in the time interval t i <t<t i+1 , where satellite number k=k0 is chosen according to a criterion based upon the range errors e i ,k and the range error rates v i ,k and range error accelerations a i ,k at the sequence of times {t i } i for each of the satellites k=1, 2, . . . , K.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for receiving information from a plurality of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and for rebroadcasting a selected portion of this information for receipt by selected recipients, the method comprising the steps of: providing a GPS receiver/processor to receive GPS signals from K GPS satellites, consecutively numbered k=1, 2, . . . , K(K≧2); providing a transmitter connected to the GPS receiver/processor to rebroadcast selected GPS signals in each of a sequence of time intervals given by t i <t<t i+1 , for receipt by selected recipients; and using the transmitter to rebroadcast selected GPS signal range information received from satellite number k0 at a selected time t in the time interval t i <t<t i+1 , where satellite number k=k0 is chosen according to a criterion based upon the range errors e i ,k and the range error rates v i ,k and range error accelerations a i ,k at the sequence of times {t i } i for each of the satellites k=1, 2, . . . , K.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said criterion for choice of said satellite number k0 is |a.sub.i,k0 |=max.sub.1≦k≦K }|a.sub.i,k |}.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said criterion for choice of said satellite number k0 is to rank the acceleration values in descending order and transmit satellite information in that order,
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
113 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said criterion for choice of said satellite number k0 is determined as follows: determining a first range error for satellite number k at a selected time t in said time interval t i <t<t i+1 by the relation e.sub.i,k (t)=e.sub.i,k (t.sub.i)+(t-t.sub.i)v.sub.i,k (t.sub.i); determining a second range error for satellite number k at the selected time t by the relation e.sub.i,k '(t)=e.sub.i-1,k +(t-t.sub.i-1 (v.sub.i-1,k (t.sub.i <t<t.sub.i+1); for the selected time t, forming a difference e.sub.i,k =e.sub.i,k (t)-e.sub.i,k '(t) and comparing the magnitude |e i ,k | with a selected threshold e>0; and transmitting said present range information for all satellite numbers k for which |e i ,k |≧e.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
145 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said criterion for choice of said satellite number k0 is determined as follows: determining a first range error for satellite number k at a selected time t in a time interval t i <t<t i+1 i by the relation e.sub.i,k (t)=e.sub.i,k (t.sub.i)+(t-t.sub.i)v.sub.i,k (t.sub.i); determining a second range error for satellite number k at the selected time t by the relation e.sub.i,k '(t)=e.sub.i-1,k (t.sub.i-1)+(t-t.sub.i-1)v.sub.i-1,k (t.sub.i-1) (t.sub.i <t<t.sub.i+1); for the selected time t, forming a difference e.sub.i,k =e.sub.i,k (t)-e.sub.i,k '(t) and comparing the magnitudes |e i ,k |; rearranging the magnitudes |e i ,k |, fixed, in descending order as a sequence |e.sub.i,k1 |≧|e.sub.i,k2 |≧|e.sub.i,k3 |≧. . . ≧|e.sub.i,kK |; and for at least one pair of consecutive integers m and m+1 (1≦m≦K-1), transmitting said present range information for satellite number km before transmitting said present range information for satellite k=k(m+1).
Claim 27
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
182 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
182 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
178 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
144 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format, wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
144 words
A system for broadcasting differential correction signals for a global positioning system (GPS) which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to signals in a second standard format, wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; receiver means for receiving and demodulating the broadcast signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format; means for reconverting the broadcast prioritized signals in the second standard format to provide differential correction signals in the first standard format.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
140 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
140 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the broadcast transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the maximum range acceleration rate for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
142 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
142 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range acceleration rate for the various satellites exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
138 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
138 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to range error correction signals exceeding a predetermined absolute value; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 43
Independent Claim
138 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
138 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the differential correction signals include range error correction signals and range rate error correction information; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format, wherein the means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format includes means for prioritizing according to the range error corrections signals for the various satellites; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
104 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
Claim 46
Independent Claim
104 words
A system for broadcast transmitting differential correction signals for a global positioning system GPS which includes a plurality of orbiting satellites, comprising: means for providing differential correction signals in a first standard format for various ones of a plurality of satellites; means for converting said differential correction signals in the first standard format to provide signals in a second standard format, wherein the second standard format is a Radio Data Service (RDS) standard format; means for prioritizing the transmission time of the signals in the second standard format; transmitter means for broadcasting a signal modulated by the prioritized signals in the second standard format.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-12-18 | 1999-06-19 | 1999-12-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-06-19 | 2003-12-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-06-19 | 2007-12-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |