US5448679A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and system for speech data compression and regeneration
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1992-12-30
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Granted: 1995-09-05
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Expires: 2012-12-30
Abstract
Abstract A method and system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance which may be utilized to accurately regenerate the human speech utterance. First, the location and occurrence of each period of silence, voiced sound and unvoiced sound within the speech utterance is detected. Next, a single representative data frame which may be repetitively utilized to approximate each voiced sound is iteratively determined, along with the duration of each voiced sound. The spectral content of each unvoiced sound, along with variations in the amplitude thereof is also determined. A compressed data presentation is then created which includes encoded representations of a duration of each period of silence, a duration and single representative data frame for each voiced sound and a spectral content and amplitude variations for each unvoiced sound. The compressed data representation may then be utilized to regenerate the speech utterance without substantial loss in intelligibility.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank A. McKiel, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 21:37
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L25/00; G10L25/93; G10L21/00; G10L21/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
305 words
A method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance which includes voiced sounds and unvoiced sounds, said method comprising the steps of: detecting each occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance, analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound; detecting each occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance; analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein; creating a preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound and an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound; comparing portions of said preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance with portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances which are stored at identified locations to determine if similarities exist; and creating a final compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an identification of locations of similar portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances; an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance; and, an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
305 words
A method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance which includes voiced sounds and unvoiced sounds, said method comprising the steps of: detecting each occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance, analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound; detecting each occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance; analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein; creating a preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound and an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound; comparing portions of said preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance with portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances which are stored at identified locations to determine if similarities exist; and creating a final compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an identification of locations of similar portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances; an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance; and, an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 1, wherein said human speech utterance includes periods of silence and wherein said method further includes the step of detecting each occurrence of a period of silence within said human speech utterance.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 2, further including the step of determining a duration of each detected occurrence of a period of silence.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 3, wherein said step of creating a compressed data representation of said human speech utterance further includes the step of including an encoded representation of said duration of each detected occurrence of a period of silence.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
102 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 1, wherein said step of analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound comprises the steps of: determining a duration thereof; assuming a width W for a single representative data frame; and, thereafter additively accumulating successive frames of width W of said voiced sound for various assumed widths until successive frames additively reinforce one another at a selected assumed width.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
89 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 1, wherein said step of analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein comprises the steps of performing a series of Fourier transforms upon each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound to determine a spectral content thereof and determining an average amplitude during each of a plurality of time frames within each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 1, further including the step of regenerating said human speech utterance utilizing said compressed data representation.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
315 words
A system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance which includes voiced sounds and unvoiced sounds, said system comprising: means for detecting each occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance; means for analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound; means for detecting each occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance; means for analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein; means for creating a compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound and an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound; means for comparing portions of said preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance with portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances which are stored at identified locations to determine if similarities exist; and means for creating a final compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an identification of locations of similar portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances; an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance; and, an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
315 words
A system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance which includes voiced sounds and unvoiced sounds, said system comprising: means for detecting each occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance; means for analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound; means for detecting each occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance; means for analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein; means for creating a compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound and an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound; means for comparing portions of said preliminary compressed data representation of said human speech utterance with portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances which are stored at identified locations to determine if similarities exist; and means for creating a final compressed data representation of said human speech utterance which includes an identification of locations of similar portions of previously created compressed data representations of human speech utterances; an encoded representation of duration and a single representative data frame representative of each detected occurrence of a voiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance; and, an encoded representation of a spectral content and amplitude variations representative of each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound which is not similar to a portion of a previously created compressed data representation of a human speech utterance.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 8, wherein said human speech utterance includes periods of silence and wherein said system further includes means for detecting each occurrence of a period of silence within said human speech utterance.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
33 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 9, further including means for determining a duration of each detected occurrence of a period of silence.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
51 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 10, wherein said means for creating a compressed data representation of said human speech utterance further includes means for including an encoded representation of said duration of each detected occurrence of a period of silence.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
105 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 8, wherein said means for analyzing each detected occurrence of a voiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a duration thereof and a single representative data frame which when utilized repetitively most nearly approximates said voiced sound comprises; means for determining a duration thereof; means for assuming a width W for a single representative data frame; and, means for thereafter additively accumulating successive frames of width W of said voiced sound for various assumed widths until successive frames additively reinforce one another at a selected assumed width.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
82 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 8, wherein said means for analyzing each detected occurrence of an unvoiced sound within said human speech utterance to determine a spectral content thereof and amplitude variations therein comprises means for performing a series of Fourier transforms upon each unvoiced sound to determine a spectral content thereof and means for determining an average amplitude during each of a plurality of time frames within said unvoiced sound.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The system for creating a compressed data representation of a human speech utterance according to claim 8, further including means for regenerating a human speech utterance utilizing said compressed data representation.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-09-04 | 1999-03-06 | 1999-09-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-09-04 | 2003-03-06 | 2003-09-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-09-04 | 2007-03-06 | 2007-09-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |