US5446858A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus and method for transferring information in blocks from a database to a memory
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1992-08-03
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Granted: 1995-08-29
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Expires: 2012-08-03
Abstract
Abstract A method, system and process for providing an improved database blocking technique for updatable and scrollable cursors is disclosed. The invention is facilitated by the operation of a process in the memory of a processor. The processor, under the control of the process, builds a reserved area in the memory of the computer. The reserved area in the memory contains an image of a portion of the information residing on disk in the database. When an application opens a cursor to a database, the type of blocking is specified for that cursor. The application issues a fetch request, and if the row is not in the block in the reserved area in the memory, then a remote procedure call is performed to get the required next block of rows and return the block containing the rows back to the application. Various lock data structures are employed to manage and control the processing.
Inventors
- 👤 George P. Copeland
- 👤 Richard D. Hoffman
- 👤 Timothy R. Malkemus
- 👤 Marc G. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 19:39
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F12/00; G06F12/02; G06F12/08; G06F12/0802; G06F12/0806; G06F12/0815; G06F12/0837; G06F16/00; G06F16/10; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S707/00; Y10S707/99931; Y10S707/99938
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
228 words
A method for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, said method comprising the steps of: (a) building a reserved area in the memory; (b) checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) receiving the request and updated information by the database server; (e) modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous block; (f) obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying step includes the steps of: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and releasing a lock on a non-updated portion of said previous block.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
228 words
A method for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, said method comprising the steps of: (a) building a reserved area in the memory; (b) checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) receiving the request and updated information by the database server; (e) modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous block; (f) obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying step includes the steps of: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and releasing a lock on a non-updated portion of said previous block.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
286 words
A method for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, said method comprising the steps of: (a) building a reserved area in the memory; (b) checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) receiving the request and updated information by the database server; (e) modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous block; (f) obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying step includes the steps of: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to no lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
286 words
A method for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, said method comprising the steps of: (a) building a reserved area in the memory; (b) checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) receiving the request and updated information by the database server; (e) modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous block; (f) obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying step includes the steps of: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to no lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as recited in claim 2, including the step of balancing a fetching of information by adjusting the size of the information in blocks.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as recited in claim 2, including the step of updating the locks to support writethrough blocking.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as recited in claim 2, including the step of updating the locks to support writeback blocking.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as recited in claim 2, including the step of scrolling a database cursor based on information in the reserved area in the memory, and the locks.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
248 words
An apparatus for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, comprising: (a) means for building a reserved area in the memory; (b) means for checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) means for sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) means for receiving the request and updated information, said receiving means coupled to the database server; (e) means for modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous blocks; (f) means for obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) means for sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) means for placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying means includes: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and means for releasing a lock on a non-updated portion of said previous block.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
248 words
An apparatus for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, comprising: (a) means for building a reserved area in the memory; (b) means for checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) means for sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) means for receiving the request and updated information, said receiving means coupled to the database server; (e) means for modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous blocks; (f) means for obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) means for sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) means for placing the requested information in blocks in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying means includes: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock, and means for releasing a lock on a non-updated portion of said previous block.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
310 words
An apparatus for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, comprising: (a) means for building a reserved area in the memory; (b) means for checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) means for sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) means for receiving the request and updated information, said receiving means coupled to the database server; (e) means for modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous blocks; (f) means for obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) means for sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) means for placing the requested information in blocks in the, reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying means includes: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and means for not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to no lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and means for not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
310 words
An apparatus for transferring information in blocks from a database server to a memory associated with a client application process, comprising: (a) means for building a reserved area in the memory; (b) means for checking the reserved area in the memory for a requested information; (c) means for sending a request for the requested information to the database server when the requested information is not in the reserved area in the memory, wherein said request includes updated information for a previous block; (d) means for receiving the request and updated information, said receiving means coupled to the database server; (e) means for modifying locks and applying updated information to the previous blocks; (f) means for obtaining at least a demotable exclusive lock on the requested information; (g) means for sending the requested information from the database server to the client application process; and (h) means for placing the requested information in blocks in the, reserved area in the memory, wherein said modifying means includes: in the case of a repeatable-read isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to a shared lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and means for not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock; and in the case of a cursor-stability isolation level associated with said previous block, means for promoting an updated portion of said previous block to an exclusive lock if said updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, means for demoting a non-updated portion of said previous block to no lock if said non-updated portion had a demotable exclusive lock, and means for not changing the lock if said portion had an exclusive lock.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 8, including means for balancing a fetching of information by adjusting the size of the information in blocks.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 8, including means for updating the locks to support writethrough blocking.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 8, including means for updating the locks to support writeback blocking.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 8, including means for scrolling a database cursor based on information in the reserved area in the memory, and the locks.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-08-28 | 1999-02-27 | 1999-08-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-08-28 | 2003-02-27 | 2003-08-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-08-28 | 2007-02-27 | 2007-08-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |