← Back to Patent Explorer
US5435069A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method for determining borehole direction

Assignee: Shell USA Inc
•
Filing: 1994-01-12
•
Granted: 1995-07-25
•
Expires: 2014-01-12
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract A method for determining the direction of a borehole during drilling comprises determination of inclination angle θ and highside angle φ from gravity acceleration (g) measurements and determination of azimuth angle ψ from magnetic field (B) measurements along with the calculated inclination angle θ and highside angle φ, the determinations being carried out in conventional XYZ-and-NEV coordinate systems coupled by Euler-angle coordinate transformations. In particular g and B are measured at least at two borehole depths such that φ i does not equal φ i+1 , and ψ i and ψ i+1 are calculated from B i =[φ i ] T [θ i ] T {[ψ l ] T B e }+B p with i as number of measurement, B e as local earth magnetic field, and B p as perturbating magnetic field. As a result perturbating magnetic fields, for example caused by hot spots or nearby magnetic steel components in the drilling or logging string nearby the B-measuring device, are determined accurately.

Inventors

  • 👤 James W. Nicholson

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 22:51
CPC Classifications
E; E21; E21B; E21B47/00; E21B47/02; E21B47/022

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 5
Claim 1
Independent Claim 268 words
A method for determining the direction of a borehole during drilling of the borehole using a drill string by using a triaxial accelerometer/magnetometer package arranged in the drill string, the method comprising the steps of: measuring, during drilling gravity acceleration components g x , g y , g z of the gravity acceleration vector g at a plurality of locations within the borehole where each location within the borehole is l i where i are consecutive positive integers; determining inclination angle θ and highside angle φ of the borehole at each of locations within the borehole based on the gravity acceleration components; measuring, during drilling at each of the locations within the borehole, magnetic field components B x , B y , B z of the total magnetic field B; and determining azimuth angle ψ at each of the locations within the borehole wherein azimuth angles ψ are calculated in accordance with B.sub.i =[φ.sub.i ].sup.T [θ.sub.i ].sup.T {[ψ.sub.i ].sup.T B.sub.e }+B.sub.p where i=is a positive integer each corresponding to a measurement location, B e is the local earth magnetic field, B p is the magnetic field perturbating B e , and [ ] T indicates "Transpose" matrices for coordinate transformations from the NEV-system to the XYZ-system under Euler-angles φ, θ, and ψ, and x, y and z are vector components in a Cartesian XYZ-coordinate system fixed to the package during the drilling, and ψ, θ and φ are angles defining rotations between said XYZ-system and a Cartesian NEV-coordinate system, with N the magnetic north direction, V the vertical g-direction, and E the magnetic east or magnetic west direction.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 268 words
A method for determining the direction of a borehole during drilling of the borehole using a drill string by using a triaxial accelerometer/magnetometer package arranged in the drill string, the method comprising the steps of: measuring, during drilling gravity acceleration components g x , g y , g z of the gravity acceleration vector g at a plurality of locations within the borehole where each location within the borehole is l i where i are consecutive positive integers; determining inclination angle θ and highside angle φ of the borehole at each of locations within the borehole based on the gravity acceleration components; measuring, during drilling at each of the locations within the borehole, magnetic field components B x , B y , B z of the total magnetic field B; and determining azimuth angle ψ at each of the locations within the borehole wherein azimuth angles ψ are calculated in accordance with B.sub.i =[φ.sub.i ].sup.T [θ.sub.i ].sup.T {[ψ.sub.i ].sup.T B.sub.e }+B.sub.p where i=is a positive integer each corresponding to a measurement location, B e is the local earth magnetic field, B p is the magnetic field perturbating B e , and [ ] T indicates "Transpose" matrices for coordinate transformations from the NEV-system to the XYZ-system under Euler-angles φ, θ, and ψ, and x, y and z are vector components in a Cartesian XYZ-coordinate system fixed to the package during the drilling, and ψ, θ and φ are angles defining rotations between said XYZ-system and a Cartesian NEV-coordinate system, with N the magnetic north direction, V the vertical g-direction, and E the magnetic east or magnetic west direction.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 71 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of locations are two locations and a unique set of magnetic field perturbation vector components are obtained using an additional relationship selected from the group consisting of sin 2 ψ i +cos 2 ψ i =sin 2 ψ i+1 +cos 2 ψ i+1 , sin 2 ψ i +cos 2 ψ i =1, and sin 2 ψ i+1 +cos 2 ψ i+1 =1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 102 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: checking if (sin 2 ψ i +cos 2 ψ i ) and (sin 2 ψ i+1 +cos 2 ψ i+1 ) are equal to about 1; measuring g and B at least at one further borehole depth l i+2 if (sin 2 ψ i +cos 2 ψ i ) and (sin 2 ψ i+1 +cos 2 ψ i+1 ) are not equal to about 1, with φ i , φ i+1 , and φ i+2 not being equal to each other; and calculating ψ i+2 based on the measured g and B.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the perturbating magnetic field B p is determined.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3791043A Cited
US4163324A Cited
US4682421A Cited
US4812977A Cited
US4709782A Cited
US5012412A Cited
US5128867A Cited
EP0387991A2 Cited
WO1992010642A1 Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1998-07-24 1999-01-23 1999-07-25 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 2002-07-24 2003-01-23 2003-07-25 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2006-07-24 2007-01-23 2007-07-25 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag