US5428683A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for fingerprinting and authenticating magnetic media
Assignee: Washington University in St. Louis
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Filing: 1994-04-04
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Granted: 1995-06-27
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Expires: 2014-04-04
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus is disclosed for determining the remanent noise in a magnetic medium by DC saturation of a region thereof and measurement of the remaining DC magnetization. A conventional magnetic recording transducer may be used to determine the remanent noise. Upon determination, the remanent noise may then be digitized and recorded on the same magnetic medium to thereby "fingerprint" the magnetic medium. This "fingerprint" may then be later used to verify and authenticate the magnetic medium as being an original. In such manner, any magnetic medium, or any object having an associated magnetic medium, may be "fingerprinted" including credit cards, computer programs, compact discs, videotapes, cassette tapes, etc.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald S. Indeck
- 👤 Marcel W. Muller
- 👤 George L. Engel
- 👤 Alan L. Hege
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 05:15
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11B; G11B23/00; G11B23/28; G11B23/283; G11B23/284; G06; G06F; G06F21/00; G06F21/10; G06F21/101; G06F21/16; G06F21/70; G06F21/78; G06F21/79; G06K; G06K1/00; G06K1/12; G06K1/125; G06K19/00; G06K19/06; G06K19/08; G06K19/083; G06K19/086; G06K19/10; G06K19/12; G06K7/00; G06K7/01; G06K7/015; G06Q; G06Q20/00; G06Q20/30; G06Q20/34; G06Q20/347; G07; G07D; G07D7/00; G07D7/04; G07F; G07F7/00; G07F7/08; G07F7/0806; G07F7/0813; G07F7/086; G07F7/12; G07F7/125; G11B20/00; G11B20/00086; G11B20/00094; G11B20/00123; G11B21/00; G11B21/02; G11B21/10; G11B21/106; G11B5/00; G11B5/48; G11B5/58; G11B5/596; G11B5/59605; G11B5/59611; G11B5/59633; G06F2211/00; G06F2211/007; Y; Y04; Y04S; Y04S40/00; Y04S40/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
A device for authenticating an object having a fingerprint recorded, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said recorded fingerprint comprising a signal corresponding to a first read of a remanent noise in said magnetic medium portion, means for determining said fingerprint by a second read of said remanent noise in said magnetic medium portion, and means for comparing said recorded fingerprint with said determined fingerprint including means for compensating for differences between said first read and said second read to determine whether said fingerprints match, thereby authenticating said object.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
90 words
A device for authenticating an object having a fingerprint recorded, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said recorded fingerprint comprising a signal corresponding to a first read of a remanent noise in said magnetic medium portion, means for determining said fingerprint by a second read of said remanent noise in said magnetic medium portion, and means for comparing said recorded fingerprint with said determined fingerprint including means for compensating for differences between said first read and said second read to determine whether said fingerprints match, thereby authenticating said object.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The device of claim 1 wherein said compensating means includes means for compensating for differences between a speed at which each of said first read and said second read is performed.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The device of claim 2 wherein said speed compensation means includes means for adjusting a sampling rate at which said second read is performed.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The device of claim 3 wherein said adjusting means includes means for measuring the speed of said second read and comparing it with the speed of said first read.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The device of claim 2 wherein said speed compensation means includes means for oversampling said remanent noise during at least said second read.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 5 wherein said speed compensation means includes means for adjusting a rate of said oversampling.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
50 words
The device of claim 2 wherein each of said recorded and determined fingerprints comprises a digital sample of said remanent noise, and wherein said speed compensation means includes means for creating for said second read a digital sample approximately 100 times larger than the digital sample of said first read.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
92 words
A method for authenticating an object, said object including at least in part a magnetic medium portion having a fingerprint, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion previously determined by a first read thereof, said method comprising the steps of: determining a remanent noise directly from said magnetic medium portion by a second read thereof, comparing said determined remanent noise with said previously determined remanent noise, and compensating for differences between said first read and said second read to determine whether said fingerprints match, thereby authenticating said object.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
92 words
A method for authenticating an object, said object including at least in part a magnetic medium portion having a fingerprint, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion previously determined by a first read thereof, said method comprising the steps of: determining a remanent noise directly from said magnetic medium portion by a second read thereof, comparing said determined remanent noise with said previously determined remanent noise, and compensating for differences between said first read and said second read to determine whether said fingerprints match, thereby authenticating said object.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the step of compensating further includes the step of compensating for differences between a speed at which each of said first read and said second read is performed.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the step of speed compensating further includes the step of adjusting a sampling rate at which said second read is performed.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the step of adjusting includes the steps of measuring the speed of said second read and comparing it with the speed of said first read.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the step of speed compensating further includes the step of oversampling said remanent noise during at least said second read.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the step of speed compensating further includes the step of adjusting a rate of oversampling.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method of claim 9 wherein each of said previously determined remanent noise and said determined remanent noise comprises a digital sample of said remanent noise, and wherein the step of speed compensating further comprises the step of creating for said second read a digital sample approximately 100 times larger than the digital sample of said first read.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
75 words
An object having its fingerprint recorded for the later verification of its identity, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion determined by a first read of said magnetic medium portion, and a speed of said read being recorded in association with said fingerprint for later use in compensating for differences between a speed of a subsequent read and the speed of said first read.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
75 words
An object having its fingerprint recorded for the later verification of its identity, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion determined by a first read of said magnetic medium portion, and a speed of said read being recorded in association with said fingerprint for later use in compensating for differences between a speed of a subsequent read and the speed of said first read.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
The object of claim 15 further comprising a plurality of spaced timing marks on said magnetic medium portion so that a speed of said magnetic medium portion may be determined during a read.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
57 words
A security card with a fingerprint for limiting access to a controlled access environment, said security card having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion, said security card being validated to permit access only upon a match of a subsequent determination of said fingerprint with a previously determined fingerprint.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
57 words
A security card with a fingerprint for limiting access to a controlled access environment, said security card having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion, said security card being validated to permit access only upon a match of a subsequent determination of said fingerprint with a previously determined fingerprint.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
35 words
The security card of claim 17 further comprising a data bit recorded on said magnetic medium portion, a value of said data bit corresponding to a placement of said fingerprint on said magnetic medium portion.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
The security card of claim 18 wherein said fingerprint is randomly located on said magnetic medium portion.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
56 words
An object having its fingerprint recorded for the later verification of its identity, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion, and at least one data bit recorded on said magnetic medium portion, a value of said data bit corresponding to a location of said fingerprint.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
56 words
An object having its fingerprint recorded for the later verification of its identity, said object having a magnetic medium portion, said fingerprint comprising a remanent noise for said magnetic medium portion, and at least one data bit recorded on said magnetic medium portion, a value of said data bit corresponding to a location of said fingerprint.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
The object of claim 20 wherein said fingerprint is recorded on said magnetic medium portion, said data bit thereby pointing to a location on said magnetic medium portion.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
The object of claim 21 wherein said fingerprint is randomly located on said magnetic medium portion.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-06-26 | 1998-12-26 | 1999-06-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-06-26 | 2002-12-26 | 2003-06-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-06-26 | 2006-12-26 | 2007-06-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |