US5402129A — Monopulse azimuth radar system for automotive veh…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 125 words

A vehicular radar system for determining the deviation of at least one target about an automotive vehicle relative to a reference azimuth, comprising the combination of: (a) means for transmitting a transmission signal; (b) means for sensing the transmission signal reflected from at least one target and received at two different locations as two different receive signals; (c) means for converting each of the two different received signals to two different doppler signals by homodyning each received signal with the transmitted frequency; (d) means responsive to the two different doppler signals for determining the sum of and the difference between the two different doppler signals; and (e) means for comparing the sum and difference to determine the deviation of the target from the reference azimuth.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 125 words

A vehicular radar system for determining the deviation of at least one target about an automotive vehicle relative to a reference azimuth, comprising the combination of: (a) means for transmitting a transmission signal; (b) means for sensing the transmission signal reflected from at least one target and received at two different locations as two different receive signals; (c) means for converting each of the two different received signals to two different doppler signals by homodyning each received signal with the transmitted frequency; (d) means responsive to the two different doppler signals for determining the sum of and the difference between the two different doppler signals; and (e) means for comparing the sum and difference to determine the deviation of the target from the reference azimuth.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 35 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 1, wherein the means responsive to the two different doppler signals for determining the sum and the difference between the two different doppler signals is a digital signal processor.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 58 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 1, wherein the means for transmitting a transmission signal includes an antenna having at least one pair of lobes for transmitting the transmission signal with a phase difference therebetween and the means for sensing includes the antenna and uses the two lobes to sense the reflected transmission signal at two different locations.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 61 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 3, wherein the means responsive to the two different receive signals for determining the sum of and the difference between the two different receive signals includes a 4-arm junction having first and second arms coupled to the pair of lobes of the antenna and third and fourth arms for providing the sum and the difference.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 43 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 4, wherein the means for converting is a mixer for mixing the sum and the difference at the third and fourth arms of 4-arm junction with a source frequency to provide sum and difference doppler frequency signals.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 30 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 5, wherein the means for comparing the sum and the difference includes means for dividing the difference frequency signal by the sum frequency signal.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 36 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 1, wherein the means responsive to the two different receive signals for determining the sum of and the difference between the two different doppler signals is a digital signal processor.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 168 words

A vehicular radar system for determining the deviation of a target about an automotive vehicle relative to a reference azimuth, comprising the combination of: (a) at least one mixer having a source frequency provided thereto; (b) antenna means for transmitting and receiving signals; (c) junction means for coupling the mixers to the antenna means to provide the source frequency to the antenna means for transmission therefrom as a transmission signal; (d) the antenna means including means for detecting the transmission signal reflected from the target and received at two different locations and coupled to the junction to provide the sum of and the difference between the transmission signal detected by the means for detecting at the two different locations; and (e) means for comparing the sum and the difference to determine the deviation of the target from the reference azimuth, wherein the mixers are responsive to the junction means to homodyne the sum and difference in accordance with the source frequency to produce sum and difference doppler signals.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 168 words

A vehicular radar system for determining the deviation of a target about an automotive vehicle relative to a reference azimuth, comprising the combination of: (a) at least one mixer having a source frequency provided thereto; (b) antenna means for transmitting and receiving signals; (c) junction means for coupling the mixers to the antenna means to provide the source frequency to the antenna means for transmission therefrom as a transmission signal; (d) the antenna means including means for detecting the transmission signal reflected from the target and received at two different locations and coupled to the junction to provide the sum of and the difference between the transmission signal detected by the means for detecting at the two different locations; and (e) means for comparing the sum and the difference to determine the deviation of the target from the reference azimuth, wherein the mixers are responsive to the junction means to homodyne the sum and difference in accordance with the source frequency to produce sum and difference doppler signals.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 18 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 8, further including means for amplifying the sum and difference frequency signals.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 32 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 9, further including gain adjustment means, coupled to the amplifying means, for adjusting the gain of at least one of the sum and difference frequency signals.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 55 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 9, wherein the source frequency provided to the mixer is repeatedly alternated between first and second frequencies, and further including means responsive to the sum frequency signal and to the repeated alternating of the source frequency between the first and second frequencies for determining the range of the target.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 57 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 9, further including means for filtering the amplified sum and difference frequency signals to provide filtered signals, and analog-to-digital converter means for converting the filtered signals to digital signals, and wherein the means for comparing the sum and the difference comprises a digital signal processor coupled to receive the digital signals.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 88 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 9, wherein the means for comparing the sum and the difference comprises a phase/quotient detector comprising a squaring circuit coupled to receive the amplified sum frequency signal, a multiply circuit coupled to receive the amplified sum and difference frequency signals, first and second filters, a divide circuit coupled to the squaring circuit through the first filter and to the multiply circuit through the second filter, the divide circuit providing a signal representative of the direction of the target from the reference azimuth.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 32 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 8, wherein the antenna means comprises a dual lobe monopulse antenna having a pair of lobes coupled to first and second arms of the junction means.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 30 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 14, wherein the junction means has a third arm coupled to the mixer and a fourth arm coupled to the mixer through a circulator.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 74 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 15, wherein the mixer comprises a first cross guide coupler coupled to the third arm of the junction means, a second cross guide coupler coupled to the fourth arm of the junction means, a phase shifter coupled to the second cross guide coupler, an oscillator for providing the source frequency, and an isolating tee coupling the oscillator to the first cross guide coupler and to the phase shifter.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 207 words

A vehicular radar system for tracking a target about an automotive vehicle, comprising the combination of: (a) a multi-lobe monopulse antenna; (b) a junction coupled to the antenna and having at least a sum port and a difference port; (c) mixer means, coupled to the sum and difference ports of the junction and including a source frequency generator, for providing a transmission signal to the antenna through the sum port of the junction, the mixer means being operative to mix sum and difference signals at the sum and difference ports of the junction with the source frequency to produce a sum frequency signal and a difference frequency signal; (d) first and second data switches coupled to receive the sum frequency signal and the difference frequency signal; (e) a first, second, third and fourth filter; (f) an analog-to-digital converter coupled to the first data switch through the first and second filters and coupled to the second data switch through the third and fourth filters; (g) a timing generator for providing switch timing signals to the first and second data switches and timing clock signals to the analog-to-digital converter; (h) an analog-to-digital data conditioner coupled to the analog-to-digital converter; and (i) a line driver coupled to the data conditioner.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 207 words

A vehicular radar system for tracking a target about an automotive vehicle, comprising the combination of: (a) a multi-lobe monopulse antenna; (b) a junction coupled to the antenna and having at least a sum port and a difference port; (c) mixer means, coupled to the sum and difference ports of the junction and including a source frequency generator, for providing a transmission signal to the antenna through the sum port of the junction, the mixer means being operative to mix sum and difference signals at the sum and difference ports of the junction with the source frequency to produce a sum frequency signal and a difference frequency signal; (d) first and second data switches coupled to receive the sum frequency signal and the difference frequency signal; (e) a first, second, third and fourth filter; (f) an analog-to-digital converter coupled to the first data switch through the first and second filters and coupled to the second data switch through the third and fourth filters; (g) a timing generator for providing switch timing signals to the first and second data switches and timing clock signals to the analog-to-digital converter; (h) an analog-to-digital data conditioner coupled to the analog-to-digital converter; and (i) a line driver coupled to the data conditioner.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 219 words

A vehicular radar system for tracking a target about an automotive vehicle, comprising the combination of: (a) a dual lobe monopulse antenna; (b) a junction coupled to the antenna and having a sum port and a difference port; (c) a mixer coupled to the sum and difference ports of the junction and including a source frequency generator for providing a transmission signal to the antenna through the sum port of the junction, the mixer being operative to mix sum and difference signals at the sum and difference ports of the junction with the source frequency to produce a sum frequency signal and a difference frequency signal; (d) first and second data switches coupled to receive the sum frequency signal and the difference frequency signal; (e) a first, second, third and fourth filter; (f) first and second analog-to-digital converters, the first converter being coupled to the first data switch through first and second filters and the second converter being coupled to the second data switch through third and fourth filters; (g) a timing generator for providing switch timing signals to the first and second data switches and timing clock signals to the first and second analog-to-digital converters; (h) an analog-to-digital data conditioner coupled to the first and second analog-to-digital converter; and (i) a line driver coupled to the data conditioner.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 219 words

A vehicular radar system for tracking a target about an automotive vehicle, comprising the combination of: (a) a dual lobe monopulse antenna; (b) a junction coupled to the antenna and having a sum port and a difference port; (c) a mixer coupled to the sum and difference ports of the junction and including a source frequency generator for providing a transmission signal to the antenna through the sum port of the junction, the mixer being operative to mix sum and difference signals at the sum and difference ports of the junction with the source frequency to produce a sum frequency signal and a difference frequency signal; (d) first and second data switches coupled to receive the sum frequency signal and the difference frequency signal; (e) a first, second, third and fourth filter; (f) first and second analog-to-digital converters, the first converter being coupled to the first data switch through first and second filters and the second converter being coupled to the second data switch through third and fourth filters; (g) a timing generator for providing switch timing signals to the first and second data switches and timing clock signals to the first and second analog-to-digital converters; (h) an analog-to-digital data conditioner coupled to the first and second analog-to-digital converter; and (i) a line driver coupled to the data conditioner.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 21 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 18, further including a line receiver coupled to provide command data to the timing generator.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 41 words

The vehicular radar system of claim 18, further including first and second preamplifiers coupled between the mixer and the first and second data switches, and wherein the timing generator is operative to provide BIT signals to the first and second preamplifiers.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1998-03-27	1998-09-26	1999-03-28	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2002-03-27	2002-09-26	2003-03-28	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2006-03-27	2006-09-26	2007-03-28	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Monopulse azimuth radar system for automotive vehicle tracking

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