US5400428A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for linearly scanning energy over an optical fiber array and coupler for coupling energy to the optical fiber array
Assignee: Spectranetics LLC
•
Filing: 1994-03-02
•
Granted: 1995-03-21
•
Expires: 2014-03-02
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for relatively moving energy across an array of optical fibers. The energy may be scanned across the fiber array. A dielectric mirror mounted on a galvanometer scanner is moved so as to cause successive pulses to irradiate different segments of the fiber optic array. As a result, each fiber receives radiation having sufficient fluence while reducing the energy per pulse (or the cw equivalent). Rather, than move the energy across the fiber array, the fiber array itself may be moved. One possible manner of movement is use of a piezo electric stack.
Inventors
- 👤 Kenneth P. Grace
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 13:11
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B18/00; A61B18/18; A61B18/20; A61B18/22; A61B18/203; G; G02; G02B; G02B6/00; G02B6/24; G02B6/25; G02B6/36; G02B6/40; G02B6/403; G02B6/42; G02B6/4296; A61B2018/00315; A61B2018/00452; A61B2018/00476; A61B2018/2035; A61B2018/20351; A61B2018/20359; A61B2018/2205; A61B2018/2211; G02B2006/4297; G02B6/38; G02B6/3807; G02B6/381; G02B6/3826; G02B6/3831; G02B6/3833; G02B6/3855; G02B6/3861; G02B6/3863
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 133
Claim 1
Independent Claim
125 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said individual pulses of said energy so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
125 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said individual pulses of said energy so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said producing means includes means for producing a pulsed laser beam.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said directing means includes a mirror.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 3, wherein said mirror includes a dielectric coating disposed on a reflective surface thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said focused energy.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 5, wherein said causing means includes a galvanometer connected to said directing means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
53 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said directing means includes means for directing said pulsed laser beam on half of the optical fibers in said array; and said causing means includes means for causing said laser beam to irradiate sequential halves of said proximal end of said array.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
36 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said array of optical fibers includes an optical fiber matrix at least two fibers wide and n fibers long, with n being greater than two.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 8, wherein alternate pulses from said producing means irradiate part of said matrix dimensioned one by n; and wherein remaining pulses from said producing means irradiate a different part of said matrix dimensioned one by n.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said linear array of optical fibers includes a plurality of optical fiber bundles disposed along a common transverse axis.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 10, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes two bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 10, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes three bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said linear array comprises a matrix of optical fibers one fiber wide and n fibers long, wherein n is greater than three.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said optical fibers.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
102 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy in synchronism with individual pulses of said energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said optical fibers; and wherein said causing means includes a piezo electric stack.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
102 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy in synchronism with individual pulses of said energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said optical fibers; and wherein said causing means includes a piezo electric stack.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting energy along a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 1, including means for shifting energy in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
134 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
134 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said directing means includes means for shifting said successive pulses.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 19, wherein said shifting means includes a galvanometer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 20, wherein said directing means further includes a mirror that is moved by said galvanometer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 21, wherein said mirror includes a reflective dielectric coating.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said directing means includes means for shifting said array.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
105 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, said scanning means moving in synchronism with said laser's output pulses, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said directing means includes a piezo electric stack.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
105 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, said scanning means moving in synchronism with said laser's output pulses, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said directing means includes a piezo electric stack.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said directing means includes means for shifting energy along a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said plurality of optical fibers.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
37 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said directing means includes means for shifting energy in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein substantially all of said optical fibers that are irradiated simultaneously are disposed adjacently at a distal end of said catheter assembly.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
124 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, said scanning means moving in synchronism with said laser's output pulses, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said catheter assembly includes a coupler for coupling said laser pulses to said optical fibers, said catheter assembly comprising a female receptacle and a male plug portion.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
124 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a catheter assembly including a plurality of optical fibers having proximal ends disposed in an array; a pulsed excimer laser for outputting laser pulses; means for focusing each laser pulse; and linear scanning means for directing successive pulses at different portions of said array, said scanning means moving in synchronism with said laser's output pulses, wherein each of said pulses irradiates at least two and less than all of said optical fibers, each optical fiber being irradiated by said pulse receiving sufficient radiation to ablate tissue at its distal end; wherein said catheter assembly includes a coupler for coupling said laser pulses to said optical fibers, said catheter assembly comprising a female receptacle and a male plug portion.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
58 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said plurality of optical fibers have a distal end disposed in a substantially circular bundle; and wherein for each portion of the array that is a irradiated by said laser, the distal end of said catheter includes a group of adjacent fibers that output said laser pulse.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
36 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said array of optical fibers includes an optical fiber matrix at least two fibers wide and n fibers long, with n being greater than two.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
45 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 30, wherein alternate pulses from said producing means irradiate part of said matrix dimensioned one by n; and wherein remaining pulses from said producing means irradiate a different part of said matrix dimensioned one by n.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said linear array of optical fibers includes a plurality of optical fiber bundles disposed along a common transverse axis.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 32, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes two bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 32, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes three bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
32 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 18, wherein said array comprises a matrix of optical fibers one fiber wide and n fibers long, wherein n is greater than three.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
141 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue and for reducing the energy applied to tissue while maintaining a fluence level sufficient for ablation, comprising: means for producing a laser beam; means for focusing said laser beam; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused laser beam on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused laser beam on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
141 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue and for reducing the energy applied to tissue while maintaining a fluence level sufficient for ablation, comprising: means for producing a laser beam; means for focusing said laser beam; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused laser beam on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused laser beam on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
46 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein: said producing means includes means for producing a pulsed laser beam; and said causing means causes said directing means to sequentially direct said focused laser beam on different groups of optical fibers after each pulse.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
18 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 37, wherein said producing means is an excimer laser.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said fibers.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 39, wherein said causing means includes a piezo electric stack.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
34 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said beam along a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
38 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein said causing means includes means for shifting said beam in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
34 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein substantially all of said optical fibers that are irradiated simultaneously are disposed adjacently at a distal end of said bundle of optical fibers.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein said directing means is a mirror.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 44, wherein said mirror includes a dielectric coating disposed on a reflective surface thereof.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 36, wherein said causing means includes a galvanometer.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
50 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 37, wherein: said directing means directs said pulsed laser beam on half of the optical fibers in said array; and said causing means includes means for causing said laser beam to irradiate sequential halves of said proximal end of said array.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
36 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 47, wherein said array of optical fibers includes an optical fiber matrix at least two fibers wide and n fibers long, with n being greater than two.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
45 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 48, wherein alternate pulses from said producing means irradiate part of said matrix dimensioned one by n; and wherein remaining pulses from said producing means irradiate a different part of said matrix dimensioned one by n.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
29 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 47, wherein said array of optical fibers includes a plurality of optical fiber bundles disposed along a common transverse axis.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 50, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes two bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 50, wherein said plurality of optical fiber bundles includes three bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
33 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 47, wherein said linear array comprises a matrix of optical fibers one fiber wide and n fibers long, wherein n is greater than three.
Claim 60
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of ablating tissue, comprising the steps of: focusing radiant energy; directing said focused energy onto one section of a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end with the fibers disposed in an array; and sequentially causing said focused energy to irradiate different sections of said proximal end, each of said sections containing at least two and less than all of said fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 61
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of ablating tissue, comprising the steps of: focusing radiant energy; directing said focused energy onto one section of a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end with the fibers disposed in an array; and sequentially causing said focused energy to irradiate different sections of said proximal end, each of said sections containing at least two and less than all of said fibers; wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said producing step includes producing a pulsed laser beam.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting said energy.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting said optical fibers.
Claim 65
Independent Claim
101 words
A method of ablating tissue, comprising the steps of: focusing radiant energy; directing said focused energy onto one section of a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end with the fibers disposed in an array; and sequentially causing said focused energy to irradiate different sections of said proximal end, each of said sections containing at least two and less than all of said fibers; wherein said focused energy irradiates said sections in synchronism with bursts of radiant energy; wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting said optical fibers; wherein said shifting step includes using a piezo electric stack.
Claim 66
Independent Claim
101 words
A method of ablating tissue, comprising the steps of: focusing radiant energy; directing said focused energy onto one section of a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end with the fibers disposed in an array; and sequentially causing said focused energy to irradiate different sections of said proximal end, each of said sections containing at least two and less than all of said fibers; wherein said focused energy irradiates said sections in synchronism with bursts of radiant energy; wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting said optical fibers; wherein said shifting step includes using a piezo electric stack.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting energy along a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of fibers.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said causing step includes the step of shifting energy in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of said proximal end of said bundle of fibers.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 54, wherein said directing step includes positioning a mirror to direct said laser beam.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
68 words
A method of ablating tissue as claimed in claim 61, wherein said sequentially causing step includes the step of first irradiating said one section, said one section being half of a total number of fibers in said array and then irradiating another section, said another section being half the total number of optical fibers in said array, said one and another sections being separate halves of said array.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method of ablating tissue according to claim 54, wherein said directing step includes providing said bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end disposed in said array that includes an optical fiber matrix at least two fibers wide and n fibers long, with n being greater than two.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method of ablating tissue according to claim 63, wherein said causing step includes irradiating part of said matrix dimensioned one by n with alternate pulses of said laser beam; and irradiating a different part of said matrix dimensioned one by n with remaining pulses of said laser beam.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
42 words
A method of ablating tissue according to claim 54, wherein said directing step includes providing said bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end disposed in said array that includes a plurality of optical fiber bundles disposed along a common transverse axis.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of ablating tissue according to claim 65, wherein said providing step includes providing three bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of ablating tissue according to claim 65, wherein said providing step includes providing two bundles of optical fibers.
Claim 76
Independent Claim
244 words
A method of inserting a bundle of fibers into a groove on a substrate, said method comprising the steps of: trimming tail tubing covering the bundle so as to expose a first length of optical fibers; forming a glue plug proximate an end of the tail tubing, said glue plug being formed on said first length; applying a potting material to a second length at an end of said bundle so as to support said exposed fibers; forming a piece of shrink tubing over the second length to provide extra support; cutting through the potted area using a diamond saw and polishing the cut end of said bundle; removing the shrink tubing and potting material from said bundle; heating the bundle and stripping a third length of polyimide coating from the exposed fibers; forming a second piece of shrink tubing on said bundle, said second piece extending from said tail tubing onto said third length; wetting the fibers with purified water and then inserting the bundle into the groove on the substrate, with fibers making up the third length extending so that the tip of the third length is flush with an edge of the substrate; tacking the bundle to the substrate; applying pressure to said third length, forming said fibers making up said third length into a rectangular close pack and tacking the third length into the groove proximate an edge of the groove; and potting the bundle with fiber guard and handle.
Claim 77
Independent Claim
244 words
A method of inserting a bundle of fibers into a groove on a substrate, said method comprising the steps of: trimming tail tubing covering the bundle so as to expose a first length of optical fibers; forming a glue plug proximate an end of the tail tubing, said glue plug being formed on said first length; applying a potting material to a second length at an end of said bundle so as to support said exposed fibers; forming a piece of shrink tubing over the second length to provide extra support; cutting through the potted area using a diamond saw and polishing the cut end of said bundle; removing the shrink tubing and potting material from said bundle; heating the bundle and stripping a third length of polyimide coating from the exposed fibers; forming a second piece of shrink tubing on said bundle, said second piece extending from said tail tubing onto said third length; wetting the fibers with purified water and then inserting the bundle into the groove on the substrate, with fibers making up the third length extending so that the tip of the third length is flush with an edge of the substrate; tacking the bundle to the substrate; applying pressure to said third length, forming said fibers making up said third length into a rectangular close pack and tacking the third length into the groove proximate an edge of the groove; and potting the bundle with fiber guard and handle.
Claim 78
Independent Claim
179 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: an excimer laser for producing a pulsed output beam; means for focusing the output beam; a bundle of optical fibers; a female coupling portion for receiving the focused output beam; a male coupling portion, a proximal end of said optical fibers being attached to said male coupling portion in a linear array, said male coupling portion being detachably coupled to said female coupling portion; and means for scanning said focused output beam across said optical fibers in synchronism with successive pulses of said excimer laser so as to allow said successive pulses to irradiate at least two and less than all of said fibers and so that successive pulses irradiate different fibers; wherein said male coupling portion includes a substrate having fibers disposed thereon and a cover slide covering said fibers, said substrate and cover slide being attached to a handle portion of said male coupling portion; wherein said female coupling portion includes a spring plunger and first and second reference balls for positioning said male coupling portion within said female coupling portion.
Claim 79
Independent Claim
179 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: an excimer laser for producing a pulsed output beam; means for focusing the output beam; a bundle of optical fibers; a female coupling portion for receiving the focused output beam; a male coupling portion, a proximal end of said optical fibers being attached to said male coupling portion in a linear array, said male coupling portion being detachably coupled to said female coupling portion; and means for scanning said focused output beam across said optical fibers in synchronism with successive pulses of said excimer laser so as to allow said successive pulses to irradiate at least two and less than all of said fibers and so that successive pulses irradiate different fibers; wherein said male coupling portion includes a substrate having fibers disposed thereon and a cover slide covering said fibers, said substrate and cover slide being attached to a handle portion of said male coupling portion; wherein said female coupling portion includes a spring plunger and first and second reference balls for positioning said male coupling portion within said female coupling portion.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
18 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 19, wherein said shifting means includes a stepper motor.
Claim 81
Independent Claim
129 words
A method of laying a linear array of optical fibers, comprising the steps of: sorting the optical fibers into as many bundles as there are groups of fibers to be irradiated, the number of groups being at least two; placing a piece of shrink wrap tubing over the optical fibers; placing the optical fibers onto a substrate such that adjacent fiber bundles are separated from one another by a gap, and wherein the optical fibers overhang the end of the substrate by a first length; fixing the tubing to the substrate using an adhesive; spreading the fibers into a single row while simultaneously maintaining the space between the groups; fixing the fibers to the substrate using an adhesive; cutting the first length optical fibers; and polishing the optical fibers.
Claim 82
Independent Claim
129 words
A method of laying a linear array of optical fibers, comprising the steps of: sorting the optical fibers into as many bundles as there are groups of fibers to be irradiated, the number of groups being at least two; placing a piece of shrink wrap tubing over the optical fibers; placing the optical fibers onto a substrate such that adjacent fiber bundles are separated from one another by a gap, and wherein the optical fibers overhang the end of the substrate by a first length; fixing the tubing to the substrate using an adhesive; spreading the fibers into a single row while simultaneously maintaining the space between the groups; fixing the fibers to the substrate using an adhesive; cutting the first length optical fibers; and polishing the optical fibers.
Claim 83
Independent Claim
108 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: means for producing energy; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end disposed in an array; means for coupling said focused energy into said array, said coupling means including a male plug portion and a female receptacle for receiving the male plug portion; and means for scanning said focused energy over said array, said scanning means irradiating at least two and less than all of said optical fibers and sequentially directing said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said scanning means operates so as to be synchronous with bursts of said energy.
Claim 84
Independent Claim
108 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: means for producing energy; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers having a proximal end disposed in an array; means for coupling said focused energy into said array, said coupling means including a male plug portion and a female receptacle for receiving the male plug portion; and means for scanning said focused energy over said array, said scanning means irradiating at least two and less than all of said optical fibers and sequentially directing said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said scanning means operates so as to be synchronous with bursts of said energy.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
64 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 72, wherein the male plug portion includes: means for grasping said male plug portion; means for indicating a size of said optical fiber bundle disposed on said grasping means; means for joining said male plug portion to said female receptacle extending from said grasping means; and means for maintaining said optical fibers in said array.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
19 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 73, wherein said grasping means includes an enlarged handle portion.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
26 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 73, wherein said indicating means includes pins that protrude from said grasping means towards said female receptacle.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
47 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 73, wherein said joining means includes a first plate having said fibers disposed thereon and a second plate disposed on said first plate for protecting said optical fibers, said first and second plates extending from said grasping means.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 76, wherein said maintaining means includes a plurality of grooves disposed on said first plate.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 77, wherein said array is disposed in a plurality of grooves on said first plate.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 77, wherein said array is disposed in two grooves on said first plate.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
77 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 72, wherein said female receptacle includes: means for generating a unique signal indicative of the size of said bundle of optical fibers; means for repeatably positioning said male plug portion in a position so that said scanning means may irradiate said array; and means for blocking said energy so that said energy does not pass through said female receptacle when said male plug portion is not joined thereto.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
35 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 80, wherein said generating means includes a microswitch housed within said female receptacle, said microswitch producing said unique signal via interaction with said male plug portion.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 80, wherein said positioning means includes at least one reference ball and a spring plunger.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
34 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 82, wherein said positioning means includes a first reference ball disposed opposite said spring plunger and a second reference ball disposed in said female receptacle.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
32 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 82, wherein said male plug portion is adapted so as to accommodate said spring plunger in a recess formed on a surface thereof.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
45 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 80, wherein said blocking means includes a spring biased steel shutter attached to a rear portion of the female receptacle, said steel shutter being flattened by insertion of said male plug portion into said female receptacle.
Claim 98
Independent Claim
130 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: means for producing a laser beam; means for focusing said laser beam; an array of optical fibers; means for coupling said focused laser beam to said array of optical fibers, said coupling means including a male portion to which said array is attached via grooves in said male portion, each of said grooves containing at least two optical fibers of said array and a female portion receiving said focused laser beam; and means for directing said laser beam onto at least two but less than all of said plurality of optical fibers, said directing means generating relative movement between said array of optical fibers and said focused laser beam so that said focused laser beam is directed onto different optical fibers of said array.
Claim 99
Independent Claim
130 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: means for producing a laser beam; means for focusing said laser beam; an array of optical fibers; means for coupling said focused laser beam to said array of optical fibers, said coupling means including a male portion to which said array is attached via grooves in said male portion, each of said grooves containing at least two optical fibers of said array and a female portion receiving said focused laser beam; and means for directing said laser beam onto at least two but less than all of said plurality of optical fibers, said directing means generating relative movement between said array of optical fibers and said focused laser beam so that said focused laser beam is directed onto different optical fibers of said array.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said directing means includes a piezo electric stack that moves said array in response to signals from a computer.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
30 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said directing means includes a mirror for reflecting said focused beam and a stepper motor for moving said mirror.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said directing means includes a galvanometer.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
43 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said male portion comprises: means for grasping said male portion; and means for interacting with said female portion so as to provide a signal indicative of a size of said fiberoptic catheter.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
29 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 90, wherein said interacting means includes pins disposed on said grasping means, said pins being inserted in said female portion.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
63 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said female portion includes: means for positioning said male portion in said female portion; means for generating a signal indicative of the size of said catheter, said generating means being responsive to external interactions; and means for blocking said laser beam when said male portion is not disposed in said female portion.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
47 words
A male coupling portion for a fiberoptic catheter, comprising a first plate member having a plurality of grooves disposed thereon, said grooves for retaining a plurality of optical fibers, wherein said plurality of optical fiber is divided such that each groove contains at least two optical fibers.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
47 words
A male coupling portion for a fiberoptic catheter, comprising a first plate member having a plurality of grooves disposed thereon, said grooves for retaining a plurality of optical fibers, wherein said plurality of optical fiber is divided such that each groove contains at least two optical fibers.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
24 words
A male coupling portion for a fiberoptic catheter as claimed in claim 93, further comprising a second plate disposed parallel to said first plate.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
22 words
A male coupling portion for a fiberoptic catheter as claimed in claim 94, further comprising a notch formed in said second plate.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
29 words
A male coupling portion for a fiberoptic catheter as claimed in claim 93, further comprising means for indicating a size of a catheter attached to said male coupling portion.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
160 words
A coupling apparatus for coupling a laser to a laser catheter, said coupling apparatus including a male portion and a female portion; wherein said male portion comprises: a handle portion having an optical fiber catheter extending therefrom; a first plate member attached to said handle having optical fibers of said catheter disposed in an array on a first surface thereof, said fibers being disposed in grooves formed on said first surface; a second plate member attached to said handle so as to oppose said first plate; and size indicating means for indicating a size of said optical fiber catheter; and wherein said female portion comprises: means for interacting with said size indicating means and for providing a signal indicative of the size of the catheter; means for repeatably positioning said male portion in a position so that laser energy may be coupled to said catheter; and means for blocking said energy when said male and female portions are not coupled.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
160 words
A coupling apparatus for coupling a laser to a laser catheter, said coupling apparatus including a male portion and a female portion; wherein said male portion comprises: a handle portion having an optical fiber catheter extending therefrom; a first plate member attached to said handle having optical fibers of said catheter disposed in an array on a first surface thereof, said fibers being disposed in grooves formed on said first surface; a second plate member attached to said handle so as to oppose said first plate; and size indicating means for indicating a size of said optical fiber catheter; and wherein said female portion comprises: means for interacting with said size indicating means and for providing a signal indicative of the size of the catheter; means for repeatably positioning said male portion in a position so that laser energy may be coupled to said catheter; and means for blocking said energy when said male and female portions are not coupled.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
36 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said size indicating means includes at least one pin protruding from said handle in a direction so as to enter receiving holes disposed in said female portion.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
31 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 98, wherein said means for interacting and providing includes a microswitch disposed in said female portion, said microswitch contacting said at least one pin.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
23 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said means for interacting and providing includes a microswitch disposed in said female portion.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
18 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said means for blocking includes a steel spring shutter.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
44 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said means for repeatably positioning includes a first and a second reference ball for guiding the male portion into the female portion and a spring plunger for pressing the male portion into a predetermined position.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
28 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 102, wherein said spring plunger enters into a groove on said second plate member to hold said male portion in position.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
21 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said first plate member has two grooves formed on said first surface.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
21 words
A coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97, wherein said first plate member has three grooves formed on said first surface.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
17 words
An excimer laser joined to a fiberoptic catheter via a coupling apparatus as claimed in claim 97.
Claim 122
Independent Claim
120 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: means for producing energy and for focusing said energy; an array of optical fibers; means for coupling said focused energy to said array of optical fibers, said coupling means including a male portion to which said array is attached and a female portion receiving said focused laser beam; means for directing said laser beam onto at least two but less than all of said plurality of optical fibers; wherein said directing means is a piezo electric stack and generates relative movement between said array of optical fibers and said focused laser beam so that said focused laser beam is directed onto different optical fibers of said array in synchronism with pulses from said laser.
Claim 123
Independent Claim
120 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue comprising: means for producing energy and for focusing said energy; an array of optical fibers; means for coupling said focused energy to said array of optical fibers, said coupling means including a male portion to which said array is attached and a female portion receiving said focused laser beam; means for directing said laser beam onto at least two but less than all of said plurality of optical fibers; wherein said directing means is a piezo electric stack and generates relative movement between said array of optical fibers and said focused laser beam so that said focused laser beam is directed onto different optical fibers of said array in synchronism with pulses from said laser.
Claim 124
Independent Claim
95 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said bundle of optical fibers includes a plurality of optical fiber sub-bundles disposed in separate grooves on a fiber holding device.
Claim 125
Independent Claim
95 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue, comprising: a pulsed energy source; means for focusing said energy; a bundle of optical fibers, a proximal end of said fibers being disposed in an array; means for directing said focused energy on a group of at least two and less than all of said fibers; and linear scanning means for causing said directing means to sequentially direct said focused energy on different groups of said optical fibers; wherein said bundle of optical fibers includes a plurality of optical fiber sub-bundles disposed in separate grooves on a fiber holding device.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 15, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 24, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 28, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
59 words
A method for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 58, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 130
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 69, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 131
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 72, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 132
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 86, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
Claim 133
Dependent Claim
59 words
An apparatus for ablating tissue as claimed in claim 107, wherein said optical fibers receive less energy than is necessary to produce a fluence in all the fibers simultaneously to ablate tissue; and wherein said directing means directs said laser beam so that each fiber of the group irradiated outputs radiation having a sufficiently high fluence to ablate tissue.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3262359A
Cited
US3799657A
Cited
US4189752A
Cited
US3873211A
Cited
US4024545A
Cited
US3984171A
Cited
US4007377A
Cited
US4099829A
Cited
US4312590A
Cited
US4195269A
Cited
US4218112A
Cited
JPS5567721A
Cited
US4350867A
Cited
US4385832A
Cited
US4272151A
Cited
US4323307A
Cited
US4355859A
Cited
US4556284A
Cited
US4556875A
Cited
US4439157A
Cited
US4482902A
Cited
US4784132A
Cited
US4784132B1
Cited
US4575181A
Cited
US4552578A
Cited
US4491463A
Cited
GB2144873A
Cited
US4655590A
Cited
US4588887A
Cited
US4638456A
Cited
US4830443A
Cited
US4681396A
Cited
US4614868A
Cited
US4641912A
Cited
US5188632A
Cited
US4732448A
Cited
US4913142A
Cited
US5034010A
Cited
US4751525A
Cited
US4917084A
Cited
US4950266A
Cited
US5196004A
Cited
US4717222A
Cited
US4799754A
Cited
US4736744A
Cited
US4728187A
Cited
US4712887A
Cited
US4686363A
Cited
US4994059A
Cited
US4744627A
Cited
US4847462A
Cited
US4762994A
Cited
US4838631A
Cited
US4812641A
Cited
US4739162A
Cited
US4967745A
Cited
US4829529A
Cited
US4795227A
Cited
US4806728A
Cited
US4925265A
Cited
US5054877A
Cited
US4900138A
Cited
US4896944A
Cited
US4919508A
Cited
US5181137A
Cited
US5139494A
Cited
US5012087A
Cited
US5007691A
Cited
US5016964A
Cited
US4998794A
Cited
US5159483A
Cited
US5032123A
Cited
US5044717A
Cited
US5159402A
Cited
US5086474A
Cited
US5173583A
Cited
US5013120A
Cited
US5074628A
Cited
US5206869A
Cited
US5084883A
Cited
US5242438A
Cited
US5159656A
Cited
US5250045A
Cited
US5178617A
Cited
US5196005A
Cited
US5237634A
Cited
US5227910A
Cited
US5253312A
Cited
US5245682A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-09-19 | 1999-03-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-03-20 | 2002-09-19 | 2003-03-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-03-20 | 2006-09-19 | 2007-03-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |