System and method for detecting user fraud in automated teller machine transactions

Claim 3

The system of claim 1, also including means for maintaining a suspicion count of suspicious transactions involving said user, threshold means for establishing a maximum threshold number of suspicious transactions, and comparison means for comparing the number of suspicious transactions with the threshold number and conveying the result of the comparison to said means for determining whether the user is valid.

Claim 4

The system of claim 1, in which said means for determining whether the user is valid includes means for comparing the difference between the biometric value of the user and the reference biometric value with a threshold biometric value.

Claim 5

The system of claim 2, in which said means for determining whether the user is valid comprises a user transaction authorization module having inputs which include the following: biometric user value; biometric reference value; suspicion count; type of predicted transaction; and type of actual transaction.

Claim 6

The system of claim 4, in which said user transaction authorization module can, depending upon the various inputs, either continue with a user transaction, terminate a user transaction, or obtain further information concerning the user before making a final determination.

Claim 7

The system of claim 5, in which said user transaction authorization module can increment the suspicion count when user validity is questionable.

Claim 8

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises signature verification measuring means.

Claim 9

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises hand geometry measuring means.

Claim 10

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises finger print comparison.

Claim 11

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises palm print comparison.

Claim 12

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises voiceprint measurement.

Claim 13

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises retinal eye scanning.

Claim 14

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises iris eye scanning.

Claim 15

The system of claim 1, in which the means for measuring at least one biometric value comprises vein pattern determination.

Claim 16

The system of claim 1, in which said system includes a host computer and a plurality of automated teller machines.

Claim 17

The system of claim 15, in which said host computer includes a user reference file which maintains predicted transaction and biometric value reference files for each user.

Claim 18

The system of claim 16, in which said host computer also includes a suspicion count which maintains a record of the number of suspicious transactions for each user.

Claim 19

A self-service system comprising: a user interface unit having user identification means; input means operable by a user for initiating a selected self-service transaction; biometric means for producing biometric output data relating to a user; storage means for storing biometric reference data relating to a plurality of authorized users of the system, said storage means being arranged to store data relating to previous transactions initiated by said authorized users; prediction means coupled to said identification means and arranged to predict the type of transaction to be requested by a given user on the basis of the stored data relating to previous transactions; and transaction authorization means coupled to said biometric means and to said prediction means and arranged to make a determination as to whether a transaction initiated by a user is to be permitted to proceed to completion, said determination being made on the basis of a comparison between said biometric output data and said biometric reference data for the relevant user, and, if said biometric comparison is not conclusive on the basis of a comparison between the transaction predicted for, and the transaction actually requested by, the relevant user.

Claim 20

A self-service system comprising: a user interface unit having user identification means; input means operable by a user for initiating a selected self-service transaction; biometric means for producing biometric output data relating to a user; storage means for storing biometric reference data relating to a plurality of authorized users of the system, said storage means being arranged to store data relating to previous transactions initiated by said authorized users; prediction means coupled to said identification means and arranged to predict the type of transaction to be requested by a given user on the basis of the stored data relating to previous transactions; and transaction authorization means coupled to said biometric means and to said prediction means and arranged to make a determination as to whether a transaction initiated by a user is to be permitted to proceed to completion, said determination being made on the basis of a comparison between said biometric output data and said biometric reference data for the relevant user, and, if said biometric comparison is not conclusive on the basis of a comparison between the transaction predicted for, and the transaction actually requested by, the relevant user.

Claim 21

The system of claim 18, in which said transaction authorization means is arranged to allow a transaction to proceed if said biometric output data conclusively matches said biometric reference data, regardless of the comparison between the predicted and requested transaction, but that if said biometric output data does not conclusively match said biometric reference data but does match said reference data within a predetermined limit of discrepancy then the comparison between the predicted and requested transaction is used in determining whether the transaction is permitted to proceed to completion.

Claim 22

The system of claim 19, in which a first value is derived representative of the difference between said biometric output data and said biometric reference data, said output data being considered to be a conclusive match with said reference data if said first value is less than a predetermined threshold value.

Claim 23

The system of claim 19, in which, if said biometric output data does not conclusively match said biometric reference data but does match said reference data within said predetermined limit, and said requested transaction is not consistent with said predicted transaction, said transaction authorization means is arranged to obtain additional information concerning the relevant user before a final determination is made as to whether the transaction is permitted to proceed to completion.

Claim 24

The system of claim 21, in which, in the course of transaction, a further use is made of said biometric means provide said additional information.

Claim 25

The system of claim 21, in which, in the course of a transaction, the user enters a personal identification number by means of said input means to provide additional information.

Claim 26

The system of claim 19, also including further storage means arranged to store a suspicion count for each of said authorized users, each suspicion count being arranged to be incremented by one each time said biometric output data for the relevant user is not a conclusive match with said biometric reference data for that user, but being reset to a start value each time said output data is a conclusive match with said reference data, said transaction authorization means being arranged to terminate a transaction if said suspicion count reaches a predetermined threshold value.

Claim 27

The system of claim 18, in which said user identification means comprises a card reader for reading from a card account information relating to a user.

Claim 28

The system of claim 18, in which the stored data relating to previous transactions is updated each time a transaction is initiated by one of said authorized users.

Claim 29

The system of claim 18, also including a host computer and a plurality of automated teller machines, each including a user interface unit, prediction means and authorization means as called for in claim 18.

Claim 32

The method of claim 28, also including the following additional steps: (f) maintaining a suspicion count of suspicious transactions involving said user; (g) establishing a maximum threshold number of suspicious transactions; (h) comparing the number of suspicious transactions with the threshold number; and (i) utilizing said comparison in the determination of whether the user is valid.

Claim 33

The method of claim 28, in which the step of determining whether the user is valid includes comparing the difference between the biometric value of the user and the reference biometric value with a threshold biometric value.

Claim 34

The method of claim 30, also including the step obtaining more information concerning the user when the difference between the biometric value of the user and the reference biometric value is close to the threshold biometric value and the transaction requested by the user is different than the predicted transaction.

Claim 35

The method of claim 31, in which the step of obtaining additional information includes obtaining a PIN number from the user.

Claim 36

The method of claim 29, also including the step of incrementing the suspicion count whenever it is determined in step (e) that the user is not valid.

Claim 37

The method of claim 33, also including the step of decrementing the suspicion count to zero whenever the user transaction is determined to be non-suspicious.