US5364993A
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US
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Selective functionalization of fullerenes
Assignee: Inrad Inc
•
Filing: 1993-01-21
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Granted: 1994-11-15
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Expires: 2013-01-21
Abstract
Abstract Fullerenes are selectively functionalized by adsorbing fullerene molecules on molecular sieves such as zeolites as the first step in a desired functionalizing reaction and then adding functional groups or compounds to the fullerenes within the molecular sieves. An improved reactor for fullerene material is thereby available. Selectively functionalized fullerenes formed in accordance with the invention can also serve as precursors for further selectively functionalized products.
Inventors
- 👤 Zhenyu Zhang
- 👤 Warren Ruderman
- 👤 James R. Fehlner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 04:58
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C23/00; C07C23/18; C07C23/20; C07C23/46; C07C2604/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S977/00; Y10S977/84; Y10S977/842; Y10S977/846
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of functionalizing fullerene molecules, comprising the steps of: providing both molecular sieve material having controlled spaces therein; sorbing fullerene material into the molecular sieve material, including into the controlled spaces thereof, to yield a quantity of fullerene loaded molecular sieve material; chemically reacting a reactant material with the fullerene molecules of the fullerene loaded molecular sieve material to yield functionalized fullerene reaction product within the controlled spaces.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of functionalizing fullerene molecules, comprising the steps of: providing both molecular sieve material having controlled spaces therein; sorbing fullerene material into the molecular sieve material, including into the controlled spaces thereof, to yield a quantity of fullerene loaded molecular sieve material; chemically reacting a reactant material with the fullerene molecules of the fullerene loaded molecular sieve material to yield functionalized fullerene reaction product within the controlled spaces.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
66 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the fullerene material is sorbed into the molecular sieve material by dissolving the fullerene material in a solvent, combining the solvent and fullerene solution with the molecular sieve for an effective amount of time to permit the incorporation of fullerene within the controlled spaces of the molecular sieve and then removing the solvent from the molecular sieve and fullerene material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the fullerene, solvent and molecular sieve are kept together for at least 12 hours after being combined.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the mixture of solvent, fullerene and molecular sieve is stirred or refluxed for 12 hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent is one of benzene and toluene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the molecular sieve includes zeolite material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the molecular sieve is zeolite material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 6, wherein the zeolite material is selected from the group consisting of NaX, NaY, mordenite, zeolite L and combinations thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the molecular sieve material includes silicalite.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene material includes a photoinitiation step.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene material is a chlorination reaction.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 11, wherein the chlorination reaction is thermally initiated.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 11, wherein the chlorination reaction is photoinitiated.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10, wherein the wavelength of irradiation for the photoinitiation step is between about 200 nm and 700 nm.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 12, wherein the thermal initiation step includes heating fullerene loaded molecular sieve to a temperature of between about 50° C. and 900° C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction yielding fuctionalized fullerene material is a bromination reaction.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the bromination reaction includes a photoinitiation step.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the wavelength of irradiation for the photoinitiation step of the reaction is between about 200 nm and 700 nm.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 16, wherein the bromination reaction includes a thermal initiation step.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 19, wherein the temperature of temperature of the thermal initiation step is between about 25° C. and 400° C. and 400° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, including the step of adding an amine to the fullerene during the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene reaction product.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, including the step of adding a free radical species to the fullerene during the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene reaction product.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, including the step of copolymerization of free radical species with the fullerene during the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene reaction product.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1, including the step of conducting a Friedel-Crafts reactions of fullerene with aromatic organic compounds during the reaction yielding functionalized fullerene reaction product.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the fullerene is halogenated during the reaction yielding functionalize fullerene reaction product and then the halogen is substituted for a different compound or group.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the substitution is performed by conducting a methoxylation reaction.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the controlled spaces are 7 to 18 Å large.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition comprising chlorinated fullerene material, characterized by a sharp peak at about 800 cm -1 in an FT-IR spectrum.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition comprising chlorinated fullerene material, characterized by a sharp peak at about 800 cm -1 in an FT-IR spectrum.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the chlorinated fullerene material is more than about 50% di-substituted and tetra-substituted chlorinated fullerene material.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the chlorinated fullerene material is more than about 70% di-substituted and tetra-substituted chlorinated fullerene material.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition comprising brominated fullerene material characterized by sharp peaks at 780, 764 and 536 cm -1 in an FT-IR spectrum.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition comprising brominated fullerene material characterized by sharp peaks at 780, 764 and 536 cm -1 in an FT-IR spectrum.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 31, wherein the brominated fullerene material is at least 50% di-brominated fullerene.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition comprising functionalized fullerene material, in which at least 70% of the composition is no more than 2 different species.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition comprising functionalized fullerene material, in which at least 70% of the composition is no more than 2 different species.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
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