US5344737A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Polywax toner compositions and processes
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1993-02-25
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Granted: 1994-09-06
•
Expires: 2013-02-25
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition of resin, pigment, wax, and a component of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Inventors
- 👤 John S. Berkes
- 👤 Bernard Grushkin
- 👤 Thomas W. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 21:38
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08759; G03G9/08775; G03G9/08782; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
38 words
A toner composition of resin, pigment, wax, and a component of the formula ##STR3## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner composition of resin, pigment, wax, and a component of the formula ##STR3## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin particles are comprised of a polyester.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax has a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 20,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax has a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 7,000.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the number average molecular weight of said component of the formula illustrated is from about 500 to about 2,500.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is carbon black, cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green or mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
74 words
A process for the preparation of a resin composite which comprises the addition of a wax and an ethoxylated component to a toner resin, and wherein there results a microdispersion of said wax in the resin without solubilizing said wax, and wherein the ethoxylated component has the following formula ##STR4## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
74 words
A process for the preparation of a resin composite which comprises the addition of a wax and an ethoxylated component to a toner resin, and wherein there results a microdispersion of said wax in the resin without solubilizing said wax, and wherein the ethoxylated component has the following formula ##STR4## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said ethoxylated alcohol contains from about 20 to about 30 carbon atoms.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said ethoxylated alcohol is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein there is added to the formed resin product pigment and charge additive thereby resulting in a toner composition.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein there is added to the formed resin product pigment, charge additive and surface additives, thereby resulting in a toner composition.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said wax is crystalline with a density of from about 0.93 to about 0.98.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said wax is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein the toner resin is a linear polyester and has a molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 30,000 Daltons.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein the resin is comprised of a crosslinked polyester.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 16 wherein the polyester contains from about 0 to about 30 percent by weight of gel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is permanently dispersed in the resin subsequent to formulating a toner composition with said resin and subsequent to micronization of said toner.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process for retaining a wax in a toner composition which comprises adding to said toner composition a component of the formula ##STR5## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16, and wherein said wax is retained subsequent to micronization of said toner.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process for retaining a wax in a toner composition which comprises adding to said toner composition a component of the formula ##STR5## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50 and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16, and wherein said wax is retained subsequent to micronization of said toner.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, substantially permanently retained wax component, and a component of the formula ##STR6## wherein n and m represent the number of repeating segments.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, substantially permanently retained wax component, and a component of the formula ##STR6## wherein n and m represent the number of repeating segments.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein said component is an interfacial agent present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 4 weight percent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein said component enables improved dispersion of the wax in said toner.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
48 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein said wax is substantially retained in said toner and essentially no free wax is present subsequent to the use of said toner in electrophotographic imaging apparatus, and wherein large domains of wax are present upon micronization of the toner thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of resin, pigment, wax, and a component of the formula ##STR7## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50, and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner composition consisting essentially of resin, pigment, wax, and a component of the formula ##STR7## wherein n is a number of from about 30 to about 50, and m is a number of from about 3 to about 16.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-09-05 | 1998-03-07 | 1998-09-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-09-05 | 2002-03-07 | 2002-09-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-09-05 | 2006-03-07 | 2006-09-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |