US5324649A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Enzyme-containing granules coated with hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof
Assignee: Danisco US Inc
•
Filing: 1992-10-07
•
Granted: 1994-06-28
•
Expires: 2012-10-07
Abstract
Abstract A granular enzyme composition is produced, having reduced tendencies to form dust and leave residue, and exhibiting improved stability and delayed release characteristics. The granular composition comprises a core, an enzyme layer and an outer coating layer. The enzyme layer, and optionally the core and outer coating layer, contain a vinyl polymer. The vinyl polymer is preferably a hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof. The hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol has varying degrees of hydrolysis in the core, enzyme layer and outer coating layer. Also disclosed are methods for making such enzyme-containing granules, the methods having greatly reduced processing time.
Inventors
- 👤 Raymond E. Arnold
- 👤 Nathaniel T. Becker
- 👤 Matthew G. Boston
- 👤 Aino Mansikkamaki
- 👤 Curran M. Simpson
- 👤 Daniel J. Wendt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 12:40
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/16; C11D3/37; C11D3/3746; C11D3/3753; C11D17/00; C11D17/0039; C11D3/3769; C11D3/3776; C11D3/38; C11D3/386; C11D3/38672; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/02; C12N11/04; C12N11/14; C12N9/00; C12N9/98
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
62 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing core comprising a water soluble or water dispersible material coated with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%; an enzyme layer comprising a mixture of at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 98-99%; and c) an outer coating layer comprising polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
62 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing core comprising a water soluble or water dispersible material coated with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%; an enzyme layer comprising a mixture of at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 98-99%; and c) an outer coating layer comprising polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the copolymer in steps a), b) or c) is polyvinyl alcohol-methylmethacrylate copolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof in a) has a low viscosity.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the core comprises a nonpareil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A granule of claim 4 wherein the polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof has a low viscosity.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the core further comprises a plasticizer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the enzyme layer comprises at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
A granule of claim 7 wherein the enzyme is a protease.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
A granule of claim 8 wherein the protease is a subtilisin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A granule of claim 7 wherein the enzyme is a cellulase or a component thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
A granule of claim 7 wherein the enzyme is a lipase.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A granule of claim 7 wherein the enzyme is a protease and a cellulase.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof in b) has a low viscosity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the enzyme layer further comprises: a) a plasticizer; or b) an anti-agglomeration agent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof in c) has a low viscosity.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the outer coating layer c) further comprises a low residue pigment.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
A granule of claim 16 wherein the pigment is titanium dioxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A granule of claim 1 wherein the outer coating layer c) further comprises a lubricant.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A granule of claim 18 wherein the lubricant is a nonionic or anionic surfactant.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
A granule of claim 19 wherein the surfactant is a linear primary alcohol of a 9-15 carbon atom chain length alkane or alkene or an ethoxylate or ethoxysulfate derivative thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
10 words
A granule of claim 1 further comprising a scavenger layer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
A granule of claim 21 wherein the scavenger layer comprises ammonium sulfate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
45 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing nonpareil core; b) an enzyme layer comprising at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having low viscosity; and c) an outer coating layer comprising polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having low viscosity.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
45 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing nonpareil core; b) an enzyme layer comprising at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having low viscosity; and c) an outer coating layer comprising polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having low viscosity.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
A granule of claim 23 further comprising a low residue pigment in the outer coating.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
A granule of claim 24 further comprising a lubricant in the outer coating.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A granule of claim 25 wherein the lubricant is a lubricant is a nonionic or ionic surfactant.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
A granule of claim 26 wherein the surfactant is a linear primary alcohol of 9-15 carbon atom chain length alkane or alkene or an ethoxylate or ethoxysulfate derivative thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
10 words
A granule of claim 23 further comprising a scavenger layer.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
83 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing nonpareil core coated with polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having low viscosity; b) an enzyme layer comprising at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having low viscosity; and c) an outer coating layer comprising a polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having a low viscosity, a low residue pigment and a linear alkane or alkene primary alcohol of 9-15 carbon atom chain length, or an ethoxylate or ethoxysulfate derivative thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
83 words
An enzyme-containing granule comprising: a) a non-enzyme containing nonpareil core coated with polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having low viscosity; b) an enzyme layer comprising at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having low viscosity; and c) an outer coating layer comprising a polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having a low viscosity, a low residue pigment and a linear alkane or alkene primary alcohol of 9-15 carbon atom chain length, or an ethoxylate or ethoxysulfate derivative thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
10 words
A granule of claim 29 further comprising a scavenger layer.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
A granule of claim 29 wherein the nonpareil core is further coated with a plasticizer.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
A granule of claim 29 wherein the enzyme layer further comprises: a) a plasticizer; or b) an anti-agglomeration agent.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
25 words
A granule of claim 29 wherein the enzyme layer comprises at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for making an enzyme-containing granule, said method comprising: a) selecting a water soluble or dispersible core material; b) coating the core of step a) with an enzyme layer comprising a mixture of at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 98-99%; and c) coating the product of step b) with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%; alone or in combination with one or more pigments or lubricants.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for making an enzyme-containing granule, said method comprising: a) selecting a water soluble or dispersible core material; b) coating the core of step a) with an enzyme layer comprising a mixture of at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 98-99%; and c) coating the product of step b) with polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof hydrolyzed about 70-90%; alone or in combination with one or more pigments or lubricants.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
84 words
A method of claim 34 comprising: a) selecting as the core material a nonpareil core coated with polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having a low viscosity; b) coating the coated core of step a) with at least one enzyme and polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 98-99% and having a low viscosity; and c) coating the product of step b) with an integral mixture comprising: 1) polyvinyl alcohol hydrolyzed about 70-90% and having a low viscosity; 2) a low residue pigment; and 3) a lubricant.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method of claim 35 wherein the lubricant of step c) is a nonionic or ionic surfactant.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of claim 36 wherein the surfactant is a linear alkane or alkene primary alcohol of 9-15 carbon atom chain length, or an ethoxylate or ethoxysulfate derivative thereof.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method of claim 34 further comprising coating the product of step b) with a suitable chlorine scavenger prior to applying the coating of step c).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3798128A
Cited
US4009076A
Cited
JPS61162185A
Cited
US4689297A
Cited
US4707287A
Cited
US4898781A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-06-27 | 1997-12-27 | 1998-06-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-12-27 | 2002-06-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-06-27 | 2005-12-27 | 2006-06-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |