US5283422A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Information transfer and use, particularly with respect to counterfeit detection
Assignee: CIAS Inc
•
Filing: 1992-08-10
•
Granted: 1994-02-01
•
Expires: 2012-08-10
Abstract
Abstract Coding systems utilizing machine-readable coding are disclosed. The coding systems are extremely simple to use and preferred embodiments of the machine-readable coding require no external reference or reference code or starting point or orientation for reading or decoding. The number of usable codes for any given number of code elements (bits or digits) is maximized, or, conversely, a minimum number of code elements is required for a given application, thus allowing each code element to be of maximum size for a given coding area. Also, methods and apparatus for encoding objects, and for reading, decoding, processing and using the information obtained from such encoded objects are disclosed. The coding may be applied to objects such as casino chips, currency, automated production line components, consumer products, household items, zip coded objects, etc. The coding system and systems using the coding can be employed for enabling positive real-time detection of counterfeits (rather than mere counterfeit deterrence), cash monitoring, information gathering, object identification, etc., at minimum cost with maximum reliability and real-time speed. Preferred embodiments of systems concern round casino chips and paper money. Signals and data may be encoded independently of physical objects while obviating the need for any reference or synchronization in the coding.
Inventors
- 👤 Leonard Storch
- 👤 Ernst van Haagen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 19:21
CPC Classifications
G; G07; G07F; G07F1/00; G07F1/06; G06; G06F; G06F11/00; G06F11/07; G06F11/14; G06K; G06K19/00; G06K19/04; G06K19/06; G06K19/06009; G06K7/00; G06K7/10; G06K7/14; G06K7/1404; G06K7/1439; G06K7/1452; G06K7/146; G06K7/1473; G07D; G07D5/00; G07D5/10; G07D7/00; G07D7/004; G07F17/00; G07F17/32
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
171 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each object in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is different from said authorized information.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
171 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each object in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is different from said authorized information.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system according to claim 1, wherein there is no specific machine-readable starting point associated with a respective object for interpreting said code elements to obtain said information.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system according to claim 1, wherein each of said objects has a plurality of machine-readable starting points associated therewith for interpreting said code elements to obtain said information.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
48 words
The system according to claim 1, wherein said code elements associated with a respective object are repeated in whole or in part in one or more locations on each of said objects thereby repeating said given information in while or in part in said one or more locations.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The system according to claim 1, wherein each of said objects has associated therewith the same number of code elements.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system according to claim 1, wherein said code elements are defined by machine-readable binary levels.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The system according to claim 1, including means for storing selected information corresponding to information on at least one object and means for detecting when information read from any object is the same as stored selected information.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The system according to claim 1, including means for detecting when information relating to said code elements machine read from a similar object is the same as information previously read from similar object, whereby a counterfeit may be detected.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The system of claim 1 wherein a said means for temporarily storing is provided at each of said plurality of facilities.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said means for temporarily storing is provided at said first facility.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
150 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each object in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a plurality of facilities for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at a facility other than said plurality of facilities for detecting counterfeits coupled to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is the same as information previously read from another similar object.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
150 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each object in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a plurality of facilities for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at a facility other than said plurality of facilities for detecting counterfeits coupled to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is the same as information previously read from another similar object.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
176 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each objects in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said firs facility for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is the same as authorized information associated with another similar object.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
176 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar authentic objects, each objects in said set having unique authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements coded according to a detectable series, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said firs facility for machine-reading code elements from a similar object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from a similar object is the same as authorized information associated with another similar object.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
169 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar objects, each object in said set having unique randomly selected authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said randomly-selected authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from an object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from an object is the same as information previously read from another object.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
169 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of similar objects, each object in said set having unique randomly selected authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said randomly-selected authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from an object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from an object is the same as information previously read from another object.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
168 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of authentic objects, each object in said set having unique randomly selected authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from an object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from an object is the same as authorized information associated with another object.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
168 words
A counterfeit detection system for identifying a counterfeit object from a set of authentic objects, each object in said set having unique randomly selected authorized information associated therewith comprised of machine-readable code elements, the system comprising: means at a first facility for storing said authorized information; means at a plurality of facilities other than said first facility for machine-reading code elements from an object and providing information related to the machine-read code elements; means coupled to receive said information related to said code elements machine-read from said object for at least temporarily storing that information; and means at said first facility for detecting counterfeits coupled to said storing means and to said means for temporarily storing, said detecting means including a computer programmed to detect a counterfeit from information in said storing means at said first facility and from information received by said means for temporarily storing when information related to code elements machine read from an object is the same as authorized information associated with another object.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of designating objects as authorized objects comprising: randomly selecting m sets of unique authorized information from n sets of unique information, said n sets of unique information being a non-random series and m being substantially less than n, such that no given set of said m sets of unique authorized information is deducible from all or part of the remaining of said m sets of authorized information, n and m being integers and n being greater than one; storing said m sets of authorized information; and applying said m sets of authorized information to respective authorized objects in a machine readable form.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of designating objects as authorized objects comprising: randomly selecting m sets of unique authorized information from n sets of unique information, said n sets of unique information being a non-random series and m being substantially less than n, such that no given set of said m sets of unique authorized information is deducible from all or part of the remaining of said m sets of authorized information, n and m being integers and n being greater than one; storing said m sets of authorized information; and applying said m sets of authorized information to respective authorized objects in a machine readable form.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said n sets of unique information are a detectable series.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2410845A
Cited
US2983354A
Cited
US3106706A
Cited
US3145291A
Cited
US3034643A
Cited
US3171020A
Cited
US3253126A
Cited
US3109990A
Cited
US3543007A
Cited
US3421148A
Cited
US3350802A
Cited
US3409760A
Cited
US3426879A
Cited
US3617707A
Cited
US3524163A
Cited
US3541310A
Cited
US3643068A
Cited
US3636317A
Cited
US3671722A
Cited
US3882482A
Cited
US3829661A
Cited
US3768071A
Cited
US3862400A
Cited
US3766452A
Cited
US3987278A
Cited
US3890599A
Cited
US3953932A
Cited
US3926291A
Cited
US3983646A
Cited
US4026309A
Cited
US4157829A
Cited
US3968582A
Cited
US4191376A
Cited
US4139219A
Cited
US4087092A
Cited
US4234214A
Cited
US4160522A
Cited
US4435911A
Cited
US4514815A
Cited
US4293766A
Cited
US4373135A
Cited
US4283709A
Cited
US4480177A
Cited
US4371071A
Cited
US4488678A
Cited
US4463250A
Cited
US4509632A
Cited
US4506914A
Cited
US4449042A
Cited
US4493989A
Cited
US4605846A
Cited
US4638171A
Cited
US4567361A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-08-02 | 1998-02-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-01-31 | 2001-08-02 | 2002-02-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-01-31 | 2005-08-02 | 2006-02-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |