Charging member containing reduced titanium oxide and device using same

Claim 2

A charging member comprising: at least two resistance layers in which electrically-conductive particles are dispersed, these two resistance layers being formed on an electrically-conductive substrate, the electrically-conductive particles dispersed in a matrix of an outer resistance layer being reduced titanium oxide represented by the following general formula: TiOn where n is a number not more than 1.9.

Claim 3

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of atoms of titanium to the number of atoms of oxygen in the general formula TiOn is not larger than 1:1.

Claim 4

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein the electrically-conductive particles are titanium monoxide.

Claim 5

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein an inner resistance layer is formed of a silicone rubber elastic member in which carbon black having an oil absorption of not more than 80 ml/100 g is dispersed.

Claim 6

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein the inner resistance layer comprises 15 to 40 wt % carbon black.

Claim 7

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the inner resistance layer is in the range of 2 to 40 degrees (JISA), and the resistance value of the inner resistance layer is 10 3 to 10 7 Ω.

Claim 8

A charging member according to claim 1, wherein a matrix of the inner resistance layer is dimethylpolysiloxane comprising 0.05 to 0.005 wt % vinyl group.

Claim 9

A charging member according to claim 1 further comprising a primer layer including a silane coupling agent between the resistance layers.

Claim 10

A charging member according to one of claims 1 to 8, adapted for transfer charge which transfers an image developed onto a transfer member.

Claim 13

A device according to claim 10, wherein the hardness of the inner resistance layer is in the range of 20 to 40 and the resistance value of the inner resistance layer is 10 3 to 10 7 Ω.

Claim 14

An electrophotographic device comprising: a photosensitive member; means for developing a latent image formed on latent image forming means; and means for transferring the developed image onto a transfer member, wherein at least one charging member, for supplying charge to the latent image forming means or for transfer-charging the developed image onto the transfer member, has at least two resistance layers on an electrically-conductive substrate, and wherein electrically-conductive particles dispersed in a matrix of an outer resistance layer are reduced titanium oxide represented by the following general formula: TiOn were n is a number not more than 1.9.

Claim 15

An electrophotographic device comprising: a photosensitive member; means for developing a latent image formed on latent image forming means; and means for transferring the developed image onto a transfer member, wherein at least one charging member, for supplying charge to the latent image forming means or for transfer-charging the developed image onto the transfer member, has at least two resistance layers on an electrically-conductive substrate, and wherein electrically-conductive particles dispersed in a matrix of an outer resistance layer are reduced titanium oxide represented by the following general formula: TiOn were n is a number not more than 1.9.

Claim 16

An electrophotographic device according to claim 12, wherein the hardness of the inner resistance layer of the charging member is in the range of 20 to 40 degrees (JISA), and the resistance value of the inner resistance layer is 10 3 to 10 7 Ω.

Claim 17

A facsimile device comprising: a photosensitive member; means for forming a latent image; means for developing the latent image formed; and means for transferring the developed image onto a transfer member, wherein at least one charging member, for supplying charge to the latent image forming means or for transfer-charging the developed image onto the transfer member, has at least two resistance layers on an electrically-conductive substrate, and wherein electrically-conductive particles dispersed in a matrix of an outer resistance layer are reduced titanium oxide represented by the following general formula: TiOn where n is a number not more than 1.9.

Claim 18

A facsimile device comprising: a photosensitive member; means for forming a latent image; means for developing the latent image formed; and means for transferring the developed image onto a transfer member, wherein at least one charging member, for supplying charge to the latent image forming means or for transfer-charging the developed image onto the transfer member, has at least two resistance layers on an electrically-conductive substrate, and wherein electrically-conductive particles dispersed in a matrix of an outer resistance layer are reduced titanium oxide represented by the following general formula: TiOn where n is a number not more than 1.9.

Claim 19

A facsimile device according to claim 14, wherein the hardness of the inner resistance layer of the charging member is in the range of 20 to 40 degrees (JISA), and the resistance value of the inner resistance layer is 10 3 to 10 7 Ω.