US5264460A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for preparing nonionic surfactants
Assignee: Evonik Operations GmbH
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Filing: 1992-01-23
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Granted: 1993-11-23
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Expires: 2012-01-23
Abstract
Abstract A process for preparing a nonionic surfactant includes the steps of: cleaving at least one of the isopropylidene groups of an isopropylidene polyglycerol C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid ester, by hydrolysis or ketal exchange, in the presence of acid, at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., and at atmospheric, reduced or superatmospheric pressure, thereby regenerating hydroxyl groups on the polyglycerol; and recovering the resultant polyol ester nonionic surfactant. Such polyol ester surfactants are useful as emulsifiers, especially for preparing skin care or cosmetic formulations and paints and wood-preservation agents.
Inventors
- 👤 Gerald Jakobson
- 👤 Werner Siemanowski
- 👤 Karl-Heinz Uhlig
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 13:58
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K8/00; A61K8/18; A61K8/30; A61K8/33; A61K8/39; A61K47/00; A61K47/06; A61K47/08; A61K47/14; A61K8/02; A61K8/04; A61K8/06; A61K9/00; A61K9/0012; A61K9/0014; A61Q; A61Q19/00; C; C07; C07C; C07C67/00; C07C67/03; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/45; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/34; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S516/00; Y10S516/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
147 words
In a process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein an aqueous phase and an oily phase are emulsified, in the presence of an emulsifier, the improvement comprising the step of carrying out said emulsification in the presence of an emulsifier which comprises an effective emulsifying amount of a nonionic surfactant prepared by a process which comprises the steps of: (a) cleaving at least one of the isopropylidene groups of a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of isopropylidene diglycerol, by hydrolysis or ketal exchange, in the presence of acid, at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., and at atmospheric, reduced or superatmospheric pressure, thereby regenerating hydroxyl groups on the diglycerol; and (b) recovering as the resultant nonionic surfactant a substantially pure vicinal diester of diglycerol containing 0.01-40% by weight of diglycerol monoester.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
147 words
In a process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein an aqueous phase and an oily phase are emulsified, in the presence of an emulsifier, the improvement comprising the step of carrying out said emulsification in the presence of an emulsifier which comprises an effective emulsifying amount of a nonionic surfactant prepared by a process which comprises the steps of: (a) cleaving at least one of the isopropylidene groups of a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of isopropylidene diglycerol, by hydrolysis or ketal exchange, in the presence of acid, at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., and at atmospheric, reduced or superatmospheric pressure, thereby regenerating hydroxyl groups on the diglycerol; and (b) recovering as the resultant nonionic surfactant a substantially pure vicinal diester of diglycerol containing 0.01-40% by weight of diglycerol monoester.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said water-in-oil emulsion contains 20-90% by weight of water.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said water-in-oil emulsion contains 70-88% by weight of water.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 2, wherein said water-in-oil emulsion is a skin care or cosmetic formulation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 4, wherein said water-in-oil emulsion further comprises one or more ingredients for skin care or cosmetic formulations, selected from the group consisting of an auxiliary, a processing agent, a consistency-improving agent, a stabilizing agent, a preservative, a fat, a wax, an oil, and a perfume.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 4, wherein said water-in-oil emulsion further comprises a hydrophobic substance.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 6, wherein said hydrophobic substance is paraffin oil, a petroleum jelly, acetylated lanolin or a microwax.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
162 words
In a process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein an aqueous phase and an oily phase are emulsified, in the presence of an emulsifier, the improvement comprising the step of carrying out said emulsification in the presence of an emulsifier which comprises an effective emulsifying amount of a nonionic surfactant prepared by a process which comprises the steps of: (a) cleaving at least one of the isopropylidene groups of a C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid monoester, diester or mixture of monoester and diester of diisopropylidene tetraglycerol, by hydrolysis or ketal exchange, in the presence of acid, at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., and at atmospheric, reduced or superatmospheric pressure, thereby regenerating hydroxyl groups on the tetraglycerol; and (b) recovering as the resultant nonionic surfactant substantially pure monoester, diester or mixture of monoester and diester of tetraglycerol, the esters being substantially only on the central glycerol moieties thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
162 words
In a process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein an aqueous phase and an oily phase are emulsified, in the presence of an emulsifier, the improvement comprising the step of carrying out said emulsification in the presence of an emulsifier which comprises an effective emulsifying amount of a nonionic surfactant prepared by a process which comprises the steps of: (a) cleaving at least one of the isopropylidene groups of a C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid monoester, diester or mixture of monoester and diester of diisopropylidene tetraglycerol, by hydrolysis or ketal exchange, in the presence of acid, at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C., and at atmospheric, reduced or superatmospheric pressure, thereby regenerating hydroxyl groups on the tetraglycerol; and (b) recovering as the resultant nonionic surfactant substantially pure monoester, diester or mixture of monoester and diester of tetraglycerol, the esters being substantially only on the central glycerol moieties thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 8, wherein said oil-in-water emulsion contains 30-95% by weight of water.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 9, wherein said oil-in-water emulsion contains 50-80% by weight of water.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 9, wherein said oil-in-water emulsion is a skin care or cosmetic formulation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 11, wherein said oil-in-water emulsion further comprises one or more ingredients for skin care or cosmetic formulations, selected from the group consisting of an auxiliary, a processing agent, a consistency-improving agent, a stabilizing agent, a preservative, a fat, a wax, an oil, and a perfume.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11, wherein said oil-in-water emulsion further comprises a hydrophobic substance.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 13, wherein said hydrophobic substance is paraffin oil, a petroleum jelly, acetylated lanolin or a microwax.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
97 words
A skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation, comprising at least one nonionic surfactant and water, and further comprising one or more ingredients for skin care or cosmetic formulations, selected from the group consisting of an auxiliary, a processing agent, a consistency-improving agent, a stabilizing agent, a preservative, a fat, a wax, an oil, and a perfume; and wherein said skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation is a water-in-oil emulsion, containing 70-88% by weight of water, wherein said nonionic surfactant is a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of diglycerol.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
97 words
A skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation, comprising at least one nonionic surfactant and water, and further comprising one or more ingredients for skin care or cosmetic formulations, selected from the group consisting of an auxiliary, a processing agent, a consistency-improving agent, a stabilizing agent, a preservative, a fat, a wax, an oil, and a perfume; and wherein said skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation is a water-in-oil emulsion, containing 70-88% by weight of water, wherein said nonionic surfactant is a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of diglycerol.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
62 words
A skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation, comprising at least one nonionic surfactant and water, and further comprising a hydrophobic substance; and wherein said skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation is a water-in-oil emulsion, containing 70-88% by weight of water, wherein said nonionic surfactant is a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of diglycerol.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
62 words
A skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation, comprising at least one nonionic surfactant and water, and further comprising a hydrophobic substance; and wherein said skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation is a water-in-oil emulsion, containing 70-88% by weight of water, wherein said nonionic surfactant is a vicinal C 6 -C 22 -fatty acid or mono- or polyhydroxy fatty acid diester of diglycerol.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
The skin care preparation or cosmetic formulation of claim 16, wherein said hydrophobic substance is paraffin oil, a petroleum jelly, acetylated lanolin or a microwax.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-05-24 | 1997-11-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-11-22 | 2001-05-24 | 2001-11-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-11-22 | 2005-05-24 | 2005-11-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |