US5213014A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Closed back shovel and method of assembly
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1992-06-19
•
Granted: 1993-05-25
•
Expires: 2012-06-19
Abstract
Abstract A closed back shovel is fabricated by placing a frog within a back-side cavity of a standard open back shovel head. The frog is configured to fill the back-side cavity of the shovel blade. A tang element interconnects the frog and a forward end of a tool handle positioned within a tool receiving socket of the blade, within a handle receiving socket, to secure the tool handle to the shovel head. A process for assembling a closed back shovel includes the steps of securing the tang element to the frog, heating the tang element and placing the frog within the back-side cavity of the shovel blade so that the tang element extends into the handle receiving socket, and aligning a tool handle with the tang element by inserting the handle front end into the handle receiving socket. The tool handle includes a thermoplastic section in proximity into the front end thereof, having an elongate tang receiving channel. The heated tang element is driven into the tang receiving channel such that as the tang element engages the tool handle, the thermoplastic section surrounding the tang receiving channel is softened and flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens as the heat of the tang element is dissipated to hold the tang element in place.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph A. Carmien
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 19:39
CPC Classifications
B; B25; B25G; B25G3/00; B25G3/34; B25G3/02; B25G3/12; B29; B29C; B29C65/00; B29C65/02; B29C65/44; B29C66/00; B29C66/01; B29C66/05; B29C66/10; B29C66/11; B29C66/112; B29C66/1122; B29C66/12; B29C66/122; B29C66/1222; B29C66/1224; B29C66/13; B29C66/131; B29C66/20; B29C66/24; B29C66/242; B29C66/2422; B29C66/24221; B29C66/50; B29C66/51; B29C66/53; B29C66/534; B29C66/70; B29C66/73; B29C66/739; B29C66/7392; B29C66/80; B29C66/83; B29C66/832; B29C66/8322; B29C66/72; B29C66/721; B29C66/7212; B29C66/74; B29C66/742; B29L; B29L2031/00; B29L2031/28; B29L2031/283; B29L2031/70; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T403/00; Y10T403/47
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade, the frog having a tang element extending therefrom; heating the tang element; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade so that the tang element extends into a handle receiving socket; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle including a thermoplastic section, with the tang element; and driving the heated tang element into the thermoplastic section such that as the heated tang element engages the tool handle, the thermoplastic section is softened to permit entry of the tang element whereby the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic section flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens as the heat of the tang element is dissipated to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade, the frog having a tang element extending therefrom; heating the tang element; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade so that the tang element extends into a handle receiving socket; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle including a thermoplastic section, with the tang element; and driving the heated tang element into the thermoplastic section such that as the heated tang element engages the tool handle, the thermoplastic section is softened to permit entry of the tang element whereby the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic section flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens as the heat of the tang element is dissipated to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the tang element is heated in a heating block to a temperature within the range of 300° F. to 500° F. prior to being positioned within the socket.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic section of the tool handle includes an elongate tang receiving channel having cross-sectional dimensions less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as set forth in claim 3, wherein the interference between the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element and cross-sectional dimensions of the tang receiving channel is within the range of 0.015 inch to 0.025 inch.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the frog comprises a thermoplastic material, and extends from the back-side cavity into the handle receiving socket of the shovel blade.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the tang element includes surface irregularities to inhibit removal of the tang element from the tang receiving channel.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as set forth in claim 6, wherein the thermoplastic section of the tool handle includes a flexible core which, with the frog, substantially fills the handle receiving socket.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process as set forth in claim 7, wherein the flexible core includes an elongated, generally cylindrical body, at least one groove formed in said body forming at least one socket filler for bearing a compressive load in the handle receiving socket, and a flexible shaft capable of bending to permit the core to conform to the shape of the handle receiving socket.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
127 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade, the frog having a tang element extending therefrom; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade so that the tang element extends into a handle receiving socket; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle including a thermoplastic section, with the tang element; and driving the tang element into the thermoplastic section such as the tang element engages the tool handle, the thermoplastic sections i softened to permit entry of the tang element whereby the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic section flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
127 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade, the frog having a tang element extending therefrom; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade so that the tang element extends into a handle receiving socket; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle including a thermoplastic section, with the tang element; and driving the tang element into the thermoplastic section such as the tang element engages the tool handle, the thermoplastic sections i softened to permit entry of the tang element whereby the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic section flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as set forth in claim 9, wherein the tang element is heated in a heating block to a temperature within the range of 300° F. to 500° F. prior to being positioned within the socket.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process as set forth in claim 9, wherein the thermoplastic section of the tool handle includes an elongate tang receiving channel having cross-sectional dimensions less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element, wherein the interference between the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element and cross-sectional dimensions of the tang receiving channel is within the range of 0.015 inch to 0.025 inch.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as set forth in claim 10, wherein the tang element includes surface irregularities to inhibit removal of the tang element from the tang receiving channel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle with a handle receiving socket of the shovel blade; driving the front end of the tool handle into the handle receiving socket; and interconnecting the frog and the front end of the composite tool handle within the handle receiving socket during the driving step to secure the tool handle to the shovel blade.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for assembling a closed back shovel, the steps comprising: providing a frog configured to fill a back-side cavity of a shovel blade; placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade; aligning a front end of a composite tool handle with a handle receiving socket of the shovel blade; driving the front end of the tool handle into the handle receiving socket; and interconnecting the frog and the front end of the composite tool handle within the handle receiving socket during the driving step to secure the tool handle to the shovel blade.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process as set forth in claim 13, wherein at least a portion of the frog comprises a thermoplastic material and extends from the back-side cavity into the handle receiving socket of the shovel blade.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
109 words
A process as set forth in claim 14, wherein the thermoplastic portion of the frog includes an elongate tang receiving channel into which a heated tang element is driven prior to placing the frog in the back-side cavity of the shovel blade, wherein during the step of driving the heated tang element into the elongate tang receiving channel of the frog, the thermoplastic portion thereof is softened to permit entry of the tang element whereby the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic portion flows into intimate contact around the tang element and then hardens as the heat of the tang element is dissipated to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process as set forth in claim 15, wherein the composite tool handle includes a thermoplastic section having an elongate tang receiving channel having cross-sectional dimensions less than the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element, wherein the tang element is driven into the elongate tang receiving channel of the tool handle to interconnect the frog and the tool handle.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
84 words
A process as set forth in claim 13, wherein the frog and the forward end of the tool handle are interconnected within the handle receiving socket utilizing a heated tang element which is driven into each of said components such that as the heated tang element engages said frog and tool handle, the engaged portions thereof are softened to permit entry of the tang element and then hardened as the heat of the tang element is dissipated to hold the tang element in place.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process as set forth in claim 13, wherein a tang element is utilized to interconnect the frog and the forward end of the tool handle within the tool receiving socket, wherein the tang element includes one end secured within a thermoplastic section of the tool handle, and another end is secured within a thermoplastic portion of the frog.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
74 words
A process as set forth in claim 18, wherein the thermoplastic section of the tool handle includes an elongate tang receiving channel, and the thermoplastic portion of the frog also includes an elongate tang receiving channel, and wherein the tang element has cross-sectional dimensions greater than the cross-sectional dimensions of the elongate tang receiving channels, wherein the tang element is driven into both tang receiving channels to interconnect the frog and the shovel head.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process as set forth in claim 19, wherein the interference between the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang element and the cross-sectional dimensions of the tang receiving channels is within the range of 0.015 inch to 0.025 inch.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US657422A
Cited
US1374336A
Cited
US1755236A
Cited
US2052616A
Cited
US2031556A
Cited
US2063774A
Cited
US2238104A
Cited
US2948649A
Cited
US3018140A
Cited
US3232355A
Cited
US3556888A
Cited
US3549189A
Cited
GB1376180A
Cited
US4050727A
Cited
US4451073A
Cited
US4570988A
Cited
US4605254A
Cited
USRE32364E
Cited
US4639029A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-05-24 | 1996-11-23 | 1997-05-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-05-24 | 2000-11-23 | 2001-05-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-05-24 | 2004-11-23 | 2005-05-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |