Integrated filter and detector array for spectral imaging

Claim 2

A spectral imaging system for detecting the optical spectrum of a target, the system comprising: means for receiving an optical signal from the target; dispersion means for dispersing the optical signal into a spectral signal with component spectra of the optical signal provided along a spectral axis having a frequency range; detector means aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal for receiving and detecting the spectral signal; the detector means including an optical filter for substantially eliminating stray and background optical signals from detection by the detector means, the optical filter comprising a plurality of bands, the transmission frequency of the bands varying along the detector means, the optical filter being aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal, the transmission frequencies of the bands being matched to and aligned with component frequencies of the spectral image; and the optical filter being directly deposited on the detector means such that the optical filter remains in alignment with the detector means despite temperature changes, shock or vibration.

Claim 3

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the dispersion means is a diffraction grating.

Claim 4

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the detector means comprises a photoarray of discrete photodetectors.

Claim 5

The spectral imaging system of claim 3, wherein the photodetector array is a silicon photodetector array.

Claim 6

The spectral imaging system of claim 4, wherein the photodetector array is formed from direct microlithography of a photosensitive material.

Claim 7

The spectral imaging system of claim 5, wherein the photosensitive material is InSb.

Claim 8

The spectral imaging system of claim 5, wherein the photosensitive material is HgCdTe.

Claim 9

The spectral imaging system of claim 3, wherein the photodetector array is a gallium arsenide photodetector array.

Claim 10

The spectral imaging system of claim 3, wherein the photodetector array is a spot diffusion doped extrinsic semiconductor photodetector array.

Claim 11

The spectral imaging system of claim 9 wherein the photodetector array is comprised of silicon doped with arsenic.

Claim 12

The spectral imaging system of claim 9, wherein the photodetector array comprises silicon doped with bromine.

Claim 13

The spectral imaging system of claim 3, wherein said photodetector array comprises: a charge coupled device multiplexer formed on a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of closely spaced soft metal beads formed on a surface of the multiplexer; and a doped photosite array mounted onto the substrate over the soft metal beads.

Claim 14

The spectral imaging system of claim 12, wherein the soft metal beads are indium beads.

Claim 15

The spectral imaging system of claim 13, wherein the multiplexer is comprised of aluminum gallium arsenide.

Claim 16

The spectral imaging system of claim 12, wherein the multiplexer is comprised of polysilicon.

Claim 17

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the optical filter is a multilayer filter.

Claim 18

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the optical filter is an interference filter.

Claim 19

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the optical filter is a thin film filter.

Claim 20

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the frequency range of the dispersion means comprises the infrared frequencies.

Claim 21

The spectral imaging system of claim 1, wherein the spectral imaging system further comprises: a first Schwarzchild optical system for receiving the optical signal from the target and for focusing the optical signal onto a slit; a second Schwarzchild optical system for receiving a portion of the optical signal through the slit and for collimating and reflecting the portion of the optical signal onto the dispersion means for producing the spectral signal; and a third Schwarzchild optical system for receiving the spectral signal from the dispersion means and for focusing the spectral signal onto the detector means.

Claim 22

A spectral imaging system for detecting the optical spectrum of a target, the system comprising: means for receiving an optical signal from the target; dispersion means for dispersing the optical signal into a spectral signal with component spectra of the optical signal provided along a spectral axis having a frequency range; a photodetector array aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal for receiving and detecting the spectral signal, the photodetecter array including: a charge coupled device multiplexer formed on a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of closely spaced soft metal beads formed on a surface of the multiplexer; and a doped photosite array mounted onto the substrate and electrically connected to the charge coupled device multiplexer by the soft metal beads; an optical filter for substantially eliminating stray and background optical signals from detection by the photodetector array, the optical filter comprising a plurality of bands, the transmission frequency of the bands varying along the photodetector array, the optical filter being aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal, the transmission frequencies of the bands being matched to, and aligned with component frequencies of the spectral image; and the optical filter being directly deposited on the photosite array such that the optical filter remains in alignment with the photodetector array despite temperature changes, shock or vibration.

Claim 23

A spectral imaging system for detecting the optical spectrum of a target, the system comprising: means for receiving an optical signal from the target; dispersion means for dispersing the optical signal into a spectral signal with component spectra of the optical signal provided along a spectral axis having a frequency range; a photodetector array aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal for receiving and detecting the spectral signal, the photodetecter array including: a charge coupled device multiplexer formed on a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of closely spaced soft metal beads formed on a surface of the multiplexer; and a doped photosite array mounted onto the substrate and electrically connected to the charge coupled device multiplexer by the soft metal beads; an optical filter for substantially eliminating stray and background optical signals from detection by the photodetector array, the optical filter comprising a plurality of bands, the transmission frequency of the bands varying along the photodetector array, the optical filter being aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal, the transmission frequencies of the bands being matched to, and aligned with component frequencies of the spectral image; and the optical filter being directly deposited on the photosite array such that the optical filter remains in alignment with the photodetector array despite temperature changes, shock or vibration.

Claim 24

A spectral imaging system for detecting the optical spectrum of a target, the system comprising: means for receiving an optical signal from the target; dispersion means for dispersing the optical signal into a spectral signal with component spectra of the optical signal provided along a spectral axis having a frequency range; a photodetector array aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal for receiving and detecting the spectral signal, the photodetector array including: a doped photosite array mounted onto a semiconductor substrate and comprising a 20×64 array of photosite pixels, each photosite element comprising arsenic doped silicon; a PMOS charge coupled device multiplexer formed on the semiconductor substrate beneath said photosite array and having a plurality of charge collector sites arranged to correspond one for one with said photosite pixels; a plurality of closely spaced indium beads formed on a surface of the multiplexer, one bead electrically connecting each corresponding pixel and photosite; and an optical filter for substantially eliminating stray and background optical signals from detection by the photodetector array, the optical filter comprising a plurality of 100 micrometer (μm) wide bands, each transmitting a 250 nanometer wide spectral band, the transmission frequency of the bands varying along the photodetector array from 7.5 μm to 14 μm, the optical filter being aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal, the transmission frequencies of the bands being matched to, and aligned with component frequencies of the spectral image; and the optical filter being directly deposited on the photosite array such that the optical filter remains in alignment with the photodetector array despite temperature changes, shock or vibration.

Claim 25

A spectral imaging system for detecting the optical spectrum of a target, the system comprising: means for receiving an optical signal from the target; dispersion means for dispersing the optical signal into a spectral signal with component spectra of the optical signal provided along a spectral axis having a frequency range; a photodetector array aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal for receiving and detecting the spectral signal, the photodetector array including: a doped photosite array mounted onto a semiconductor substrate and comprising a 20×64 array of photosite pixels, each photosite element comprising arsenic doped silicon; a PMOS charge coupled device multiplexer formed on the semiconductor substrate beneath said photosite array and having a plurality of charge collector sites arranged to correspond one for one with said photosite pixels; a plurality of closely spaced indium beads formed on a surface of the multiplexer, one bead electrically connecting each corresponding pixel and photosite; and an optical filter for substantially eliminating stray and background optical signals from detection by the photodetector array, the optical filter comprising a plurality of 100 micrometer (μm) wide bands, each transmitting a 250 nanometer wide spectral band, the transmission frequency of the bands varying along the photodetector array from 7.5 μm to 14 μm, the optical filter being aligned with the spectral axis of the spectral signal, the transmission frequencies of the bands being matched to, and aligned with component frequencies of the spectral image; and the optical filter being directly deposited on the photosite array such that the optical filter remains in alignment with the photodetector array despite temperature changes, shock or vibration.