US5116537A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Low temperature expandable vermiculite and intumescent sheet material containing same
Assignee: WR Grace and Co Conn
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Filing: 1991-07-23
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Granted: 1992-05-26
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Expires: 2011-07-23
Abstract
Abstract A method of decreasing the expansion temperature and improving the expansion characteristics of vermiculite ore comprising subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar cations to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlamellar cations within said ore with potassium ions. Subsequent to this ion exchange the low temperature expandable vermiculite may be expanded by heating in an oven, or incorporated in an intumescent material and heat expanded in situ, or expanded by other heating means. An intumescent sheet is provided which may be used for mounting automotive catalytic converter monoliths comprising an unexpanded vermiculite produced by the method of the invention; an inorganic fibrous material; and a binder.
Inventors
- 👤 Julie C. Yang
- 👤 Charles I. Sanders
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 01:37
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21H; D21H13/00; D21H13/36; D21H13/38; D21H13/44; C; C04; C04B; C04B14/00; C04B14/02; C04B14/04; C04B14/20; C04B14/206; C04B26/00; C04B26/02; F; F01; F01N; F01N3/00; F01N3/08; F01N3/10; F01N3/24; F01N3/28; F01N3/2839; F01N3/2853; F01N3/2857; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S106/00; Y10S106/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
39 words
A method of treating vermiculite ore to lower its expansion temperature comprising subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar ions to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlamellar cations within said vermiculite ore with potassium ions.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
39 words
A method of treating vermiculite ore to lower its expansion temperature comprising subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar ions to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlamellar cations within said vermiculite ore with potassium ions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of claim 1 further comprising subsequently decanting the excess solution and rinsing to remove excess potassium nitrate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method of claim 2 further comprising subsequently drying the ion exchanged vermiculite ore until substantially dry.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of claim 1 wherein the concentration of the potassium nitrate solution is from 0.1 to 5 molar.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of claim 1 wherein the vermiculite flakes are subjected to the potassium nitrate solution for a period of from 0.5 to 72 hours.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of claim 5 wherein the vermiculite flakes are subjected to the potassium nitrate solution for a period of from 10 to 36 hours.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of expanding vermiculite ore comprising the sequential steps of: a) subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar ions to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlammelar cations within said vermiculite ore with potassium ions; and b) heating the ion exchanged vermiculite such that the vermiculite expands.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of expanding vermiculite ore comprising the sequential steps of: a) subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar ions to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlammelar cations within said vermiculite ore with potassium ions; and b) heating the ion exchanged vermiculite such that the vermiculite expands.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method of claim 7 wherein the ion exchanged vermiculite is heated in an oven.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of claim 7 further comprising incorporating the ion exchanged vermiculite into an intumescent sheet prior to step b).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method of claim 7 wherein the vermiculite is heated at a temperature of from 475° F. to 600° F.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method of claim 7 further comprising decanting the excess potassium nitrate solution and rinsing the ion exchanged vermiculite prior to step b).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of claim 11 further comprising drying the vermiculite flakes until substantially dry prior to heating the vermiculite.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of claim 7 wherein the concentration of the potassium nitrate solution is from 0.1 to 5 molar.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of claim 7 wherein the vermiculite flakes are subjected to the potassium nitrate solution for a period of from 0.5 to 72 hours.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of claim 14 wherein the vermiculite flakes are subjected to the potassium nitrate solution for a period of from 10 to 36 hours.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method of claim 7 wherein the expanded vermiculite produced by said method has a bulk density of less than 30 lbs/ft 3 .
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-05-26 | 1995-11-25 | 1996-05-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-05-26 | 1999-11-25 | 2000-05-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-05-26 | 2003-11-25 | 2004-05-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |