US5111331A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electro-optical light modulator
Assignee: Research Frontiers Inc
•
Filing: 1989-07-05
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Granted: 1992-05-05
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Expires: 2009-07-05
Abstract
Abstract A carrier light beam transmitted through a light valve is modulated to convey information along a communications system. The modulation factor, baud rate and efficiency of the light valve can be increased by directing a modulated light beam a number of times through the valve.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul Rosenberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 18:06
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/17; G02F1/172; G02B; G02B6/00; G02B6/24; G02B6/42; G02B6/4201; G02B6/4204; G02B6/4206; G02B6/36; G02B6/3628; G02B6/3632; G02B6/3644
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
189 words
An electro-optical arrangement for modulating light to convey information along a communications system, comprising: (a) a light valve including a pair of light-transmissive, electrically-conductive electrodes spaced apart of each other, and a fluid suspension of particles dispersed in the suspension between the electrodes and orientable to have variable light-transmissive characteristics; (b) transmitter means for transmitting a carrier light beam through the electrodes and the particles in the suspension; (c) modulator means for modulating the carrier light beam to generate an information-carrying, modulated light beam, said modulator means including a variable electrical modulator electrically connected to the electrodes applying a variable electrical field across the suspension and, in turn, for changing orientations and the light-transmissive characteristics of the particles; and (d) receiver means including optical fiber means having a receiving end coated with a light-transmissive, electrically-conductive coating that constitutes one of said electrodes of the light valve, said receiving end being positioned in the path of the modulated light beam for receiving the modulated light beam through the coating, said optical fiber means being connected to and extending away from the light valve in a path along the communications system.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
189 words
An electro-optical arrangement for modulating light to convey information along a communications system, comprising: (a) a light valve including a pair of light-transmissive, electrically-conductive electrodes spaced apart of each other, and a fluid suspension of particles dispersed in the suspension between the electrodes and orientable to have variable light-transmissive characteristics; (b) transmitter means for transmitting a carrier light beam through the electrodes and the particles in the suspension; (c) modulator means for modulating the carrier light beam to generate an information-carrying, modulated light beam, said modulator means including a variable electrical modulator electrically connected to the electrodes applying a variable electrical field across the suspension and, in turn, for changing orientations and the light-transmissive characteristics of the particles; and (d) receiver means including optical fiber means having a receiving end coated with a light-transmissive, electrically-conductive coating that constitutes one of said electrodes of the light valve, said receiving end being positioned in the path of the modulated light beam for receiving the modulated light beam through the coating, said optical fiber means being connected to and extending away from the light valve in a path along the communications system.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 1, wherein the coating is in fluid contact with the fluid suspension.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 1, wherein the light valve includes a transparent cell wall.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 3, wherein the coated receiving end is in surface contact with the cell wall.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 3, wherein the is spaced from the cell wall.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
183 words
An electro-optical arrangement for modulating light to convey information along a communications system, comprising: (a) alight valve including a bore, a pair of light-transmissive, electrically-conductive electrodes spaced apart of each other, and a fluid suspension of particles dispersed in the suspension between the electrodes and orientable to have variable light-transmissive characteristics; (b) transmitter means for transmitting a carrier light beam through the electrodes and the particles in the suspension; (c) modulator means for modulating the carrier light beam to generate an information-carrying, modulated light beam, said modulator means including a variable electrical modulator electrically connected to the electrodes for applying a variable electrical field across the suspension and, in turn, for changing orientations and the light-transmissive characteristics of the particles; and (d) receiver means including optical fiber means having a receiving end mounted in optical and mechanical alignment within the bore and positioned in the path of the modulated light beam for receiving the modulated light beam through one of the electrodes of the light valve, said optical fiber means extending away from the light valve in a path along the communications system.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
183 words
An electro-optical arrangement for modulating light to convey information along a communications system, comprising: (a) alight valve including a bore, a pair of light-transmissive, electrically-conductive electrodes spaced apart of each other, and a fluid suspension of particles dispersed in the suspension between the electrodes and orientable to have variable light-transmissive characteristics; (b) transmitter means for transmitting a carrier light beam through the electrodes and the particles in the suspension; (c) modulator means for modulating the carrier light beam to generate an information-carrying, modulated light beam, said modulator means including a variable electrical modulator electrically connected to the electrodes for applying a variable electrical field across the suspension and, in turn, for changing orientations and the light-transmissive characteristics of the particles; and (d) receiver means including optical fiber means having a receiving end mounted in optical and mechanical alignment within the bore and positioned in the path of the modulated light beam for receiving the modulated light beam through one of the electrodes of the light valve, said optical fiber means extending away from the light valve in a path along the communications system.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 6, wherein the receiving end has an electrically-conductive, transparent coating thereon that constitutes one of the light-transmissive electrodes of the light valve.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 7, wherein the coating is in surface contact with the cell wall.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 7, wherein the coating is in fluid contact with the fluid suspension.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 7, wherein the light valve includes a transparent cell.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
The arrangement as recited in claim 6; and further comprising means for collimating the carrier light beam to form parallel rays of light; and wherein the bore is aligned with the parallel light rays.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-11-04 | 1996-05-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-05-05 | 1999-11-04 | 2000-05-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-05-05 | 2003-11-04 | 2004-05-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |