Processes for the conversion of myrcene to citral

Claim 2

A process for producing citral comprising contacting myrcene with palladium (II) chloride in the presence of water, a solvent immiscible with water, a phase transfer agent, and a metal oxoanionic salt wherein said metal of said metal oxoanionic salt is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Ag, Al, Sn, and Pd.

Claim 3

A process according to claim 1 wherein the process is carried out at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 90° C.

Claim 4

A process according to claim 1 wherein the palladium (II) chloride is selected from the group consisting of PdCl 2 and PdCl 2 loosely coordinated with ligand donors.

Claim 5

A process according to claim 3 wherein the palladium (II) chloride is dichlorobisacetonitrile palladium.

Claim 6

A process according to claim 1 wherein the immiscible solvent is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted aromatic compounds and substituted C 3 to C 12 alkyls wherein the alkyl is substituted with one or more hydroxy, ketone, ether or cyano groups.

Claim 7

A process according to claim 5 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of substituted aromatic compounds and substituted C 3 to C 12 alkyls wherein the alkyl is substituted with one or more hydroxy groups.

Claim 8

A process according to Claim 6 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene and 1-butanol.

Claim 9

A process according to claim 1 wherein the metal oxoanionic salt is selected from the group consisting of Li 2 B 4 O 7 , Li 2 B 10 O 16 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li 2 WO 4 , Li 2 CrO 4 , Li 2 MoO 4 , LiTiO 3 , LiCoO 2 , Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 SO 4 , Na 2 B 4 O 7 , Na 2 B 10 O 16 , Na 2 SiO 3 , Na 3 PO 4 , Na 2 WO 4 , Na 2 CrO 4 , Na 2 MoO 4 , NaTiO 3 , NaCoO 2 , Na 2 CO 3 , Na s SO 4 , K 2 B 4 O 7 , K 2 B 10 O 16 , K 2 SiO 3 , K 3 PO 4 , KL 2 WO 4 , K 2 CrO 4 , K 2 MoO 4 , KTiO 3 , KLCoO 2 , K 2 CO 3 , K 2 SO 4 , MgB 4 O 7 , MgB 10 O 16 , MgSiO 3 , Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , MgWO 4 , MgCrO 4 , MgMoO 4 , Mg(TiO 3 ) 2 , Mg(CoO 2 ) 2 , MgCO 3 , MgSO 4 , CaB 4 O 7 , CaB 10 O 16 , CaSiO 3 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , CaWO 4 , CaCrO 4 , Ca(TiO 3 ) 2 , Ca(CoO 2 ) 2 , CaCO 3 , CaSO 4 , Cu 2 B 4 O 7 , Cu 2 B 10 O 16 , Cu 2 SiO 3 , CU 3 PO 4 , Cu 2 WO 4 , Cu 2 CrO 4 , Cu 2 MoO 4 , CuTiO 3 , CuCoO 2 , Cu 2 Co 3 , Cu 2 SO 4 , CuB 4 B 4 O 7 , CuB 10 O 16 , CuSiO 3 , Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , CuWO 4 , CuCrO 4 , CuMoO 4 , Cu(TiO 3 ) 2 , Cu(CoO 2 ) 2 , CuCO 3 , CuSO 4 , Ag 2 B 4 O 7 , Ag 2 B 10 O 16 , Ag 2 SiO 3 , Ag 3 PO 4 , Ag 2 WO 4 , Ag 2 CrO 4 , AgTiO 3 , AgCoO 2 , Ag 2 CO 3 , Ag 2 SO 4 , Al 2 (B 4 O 7 ) 3 , Al 2 ( 10 O 16 ) 3 , Al 2 (SiO 3 ) 3 , AlPO 4 , Al 2 (WO 4 ) 3 , Al 2 (CrO 4 ) 3 , Al 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 , Al(TiO 3 ) 3 , Al(CoO 2 ) 3 , Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 , Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , SnB 4 O 7 , SnB 10 O 16 , SnSiO 3 , Sn 3 (PO 4 ( 2 , SnWO 4 , SnCrO 4 , SnMoO 4 , Sn(TiO 3 ) 2 , Sn(CoO 2 ) 2 , SnCO 3 , SnSO 4 , Sn(B 4 O 7 ) 2 , Sn(B 10 O 16 ) 2 , Sn(SiO 3 ) 2 , Sn 3 (PO 4 ) 4 , Sn(WO 4 ) 2 , Sn(CrO 4 ) 2 , Sn(MoO 4 ) 2 , Sn(TiO 3 ) 4 , Sn(CoO 2 ) 4 , Sn(CO 3 ) 2 , Sn(SO 4 ) 2 , PdB 4 O 7 , PdB 10 O 16 , PdSiO 3 , Pd 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , PdWO 4 , PdCrO 4 , PdMoO 4 , Pd(TiO 3 ) 2 , Pd(CoO 2 ) 2 , PdCO 3 , OdCO 3 , PdSO 4 , Pd(B 4 O 7 ) 2 , Pd(B 10 O 16 ) 2 , Pd(SiO 3 ) 2 , Pd 3 (PO 4 , Pd(WO 4 ) 2 , Pd(CrO 4 ) 2 , Pd(MoO 4 ) 2 , Pd(TiO 3 ) 4 , Pd(CoO 2 ) 4 , Pd(CO 3 ) 2 , and Pd(SO 4 ) 2 .

Claim 10

A process according to claim 8 wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of Li 2 MoO 4 and K 2 MoO 4 .

Claim 11

A process according to claim 1 wherein the myrcene is in the form of a myrcene and limonene mixture.

Claim 12

A process according to claim 10 wherein the myrcene to limonene ratio is about 80 to about 20.

Claim 13

A process according to claim 1 which is carried out in the presence of an oxidizing agent.

Claim 14

A process according to claim 1 wherein the phase transfer agent is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium salts.

Claim 15

A process according to claim 13 wherein the phase transfer agent is a quaternary ammonium salt.

Claim 16

A process according to claim 14 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, and cetylpyridinium bromide.

Claim 17

A process for producing citral comprising contacting a palladium-myrcene complex of the formula ##STR3## with a phase transfer agent, and a metal oxoanionic salt wherein said metal of said metal oxoanionic salt is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Ag, Al, Sn, and Pd, in the presence of water and a solvent immiscible with water.

Claim 18

A process for producing citral comprising contacting a palladium-myrcene complex of the formula ##STR3## with a phase transfer agent, and a metal oxoanionic salt wherein said metal of said metal oxoanionic salt is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Ag, Al, Sn, and Pd, in the presence of water and a solvent immiscible with water.

Claim 19

A process according to claim 16 wherein the process is carried out at a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 90° C.

Claim 20

A process according to claim 16 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted aromatic compounds and substituted C 3 to C 12 alkyls wherein the alkyl is substituted with one or more hydroxy, ketone, ether or cyano groups.

Claim 21

A process according to claim 18 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of substituted aromatic compounds and substituted C 3 to C 12 alkyls wherein the alkyl is substituted with one ore more hydroxy groups.

Claim 22

A process according to claim 19 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene and 1-butanol.

Claim 23

A process according to claim 16 wherein the metal oxoanionic salt is selected from the group consisting of Li 2 B 4 O 7 , Li 2 B 10 O 16 , Li 2 SiO 3 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li 2 WO 4 , Li 2 CrO 4 , Li 2 MoO 4 , LiTiO 3 , LiCoO 2 , Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 SO 4 , Na 2 B 4 O 7 , Na 2 B 10 16, Na 2 SiO 3 , Na 3 PO 4 , Na 2 WO 4 , Na 2 CrO 4 , Na 2 MoO 4 , NaT iO 3 , NaCoO 2 , Na 2 CO 3 , Na 2 SO 4 , K 2 B 4 O 7 , K 2 B 10 O 16 , K 2 SiO 3 , K 3 PO 4 , K 2 WO 4 , K 2 CrO 4 , K 2 MoO 4 , KTiO 3 , KCoO 2 , K 2 CO 3 , K 2 SO 4 , MgB 4 O 7 , MgB 10 O 16 , MgSiO 3 , Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , MgWO 4 , MgCrO 4 , MgMoO 4 , Mg(TiO 3 ) 2 , Mg(CoO 2 ) 2 , MgCO 3 , MgSO 4 , CaB 4 O 7 , CaB 10 O 16 , CaSiO 3 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , CaWO 4 , CaCrO 4 , Ca(TiO 3 ) 2 , Ca(CoO 2 ) 2 , CaCO 3 , CaSO 4 , Cu 2 B 4 O 7 , Cu.sub. 2 B 10 O 16 , Cu 2 SiO 2 , Cu 3 PO 4 , Cu 2 WO 4 , Cu 2 CrO 4 , Cu 2 MoO 4 , CuTiO 3 , CuCoO 2 , Cu 2 CO 3 , Cu 2 SO 4 , CuB 4 O 7 , CuB 10 O 16 , CuSiO 3 , Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , CuWO 4 , CuCrO 4 , CuMoO 4 , Cu(TiO 3 ) 2 , Cu(CoO 2 ) 2 , CuCO 3 , CuSO 4 , Ag 2 B 4 O 7 , Ag 2 B 10 O 16 , Ag 2 SiO 3 , Ag 3 PO 4 , Ag 2 WO 4 , Ag 2 CrO 4 , AgTiO 3 , AgCoO 2 , Ag 2 CO 3 , Ag 2 SO 4 , Al 2 (B 4 O 7 ) 3 , Al 2 (B 10 O 16 ) 3 , Al 2 (SiO 3 ) 3 , AlPO 4 , Al 2 (WO 4 ) 3 , Al 2 (CrO 4 ) 3 Al 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 , Al(TiO 3 ) 3 , Al(CoO .sub. 2) 3 , Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 , Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 SnB 4 O 7 , SnB 10 O 16 , SnSiO 3 , Sn 3 (PO 4 4 ) 2 , SnWO 4 , SnCrO 4 , SnMoO 4 , Sn(TiO 3 ) 2 , Sn(CoO 2 ) 2 , SnCO 3 , SnSO 4 , Sn(B 4 O 7 ) 2 , Sn(B 10 O 16 ) 2 , Sn(SiO 3 ) 2 , Sn 3 (PO 3 ) 4 , Sn(WO 4 ) 2 , Sn(CrO 4 ) 2 , Sn(MoO 4 ) 2 , Sn(TiO 3 ) 4 , Sn(CoO 2 ) 4 , Sn(CO 3 ) 2 , Sn(SO 4 ) 2 , PdB 4 O 7 , PdB 10 O 16 , PdSiO 3 , Pd 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , PdWO 4 , PdCrO 4 , PdMoO 4 , Pd(TiO 3 ) 2 , Pd(CoO 2 ) 2 , PdCO 3 , PdSO 4 , Pd(B 4 O 7 ) 2 , Pd(B 10 O 16 ) 2 , Pd(SiO 3 ) 2 , Pd 3 (PO 4 ) 4 , Pd(WO 4 ).sub. 2, Pd(*CrO 4 ) 2 , Pd(MoO 4 ) 2 , Pd(TiO 3 ) 4 , Pd(CoO 2 ) 4 , Pd(CO 3 ) 2 , and Pd(SO 4 ) 2 .

Claim 24

A process according to Claim 21 wherein the metal oxoanionic, salt is selected from the group consisting Li 2 MoO 4 , Na 2 MoO 4 and K 2 MoO 4 .

Claim 25

A process according to claim 16 wherein the phase transfer agent is selected from the group consisting of ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium salts.

Claim 26

A process according to claim 23 wherein the phase transfer agent is a quaternary ammonium salt.

Claim 27

A process according to claim 24 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltri-methylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyl-pyridinium chloride, and cetylpyridinium bromide.