US5093085A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fluidized bed reactor method and apparatus
Assignee: Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy
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Filing: 1988-02-26
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Granted: 1992-03-03
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Expires: 2008-02-26
Abstract
Abstract Fluidized bed reactor method and apparatus for removal of coarse material from the reactor. The apparatus comprises a discharge device including a substantially vertical pipe portion connected at one end with an outlet opening in the reactor grid, and at another end to an aeration chamber containing a discharge opening located below the level of the grid outlet opening; and a device for supplying pressurized air in short blasts of 30 to 100 milliseconds, preferably at pressures of from 2.5 to 7.0 bar, into the aeration chamber in the direction of the discharge opening to remove the coarse material from the reactor. Low pressure fluidizing air may be supplied to the vertical pipe portion as well as the aeration chamber to return small particles in the discharge device to the fluidization zone of the reactor.
Inventors
- 👤 Folke Engstrom
- 👤 Reijo Kuivalaninen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 18:37
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/24; B01J8/44; F; F23; F23C; F23C10/00; F23C10/18; F23C10/24; B01J8/08; B01J8/14; B01J2208/00; B01J2208/00743; B01J2208/00761
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
In a fluidized bed reactor having a grid provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, the improvement comprising: at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion; said aeration chamber provided at one end with a coarse material discharge opening which opens into said air chamber, and at an opposite end with means for supplying intermittent and substantially instantaneous air blasts of about 2.5 to 7.0 bar into said aeration chamber and directed towards said coarse material discharge opening, such that said aeration chamber is substantially emptied of said coarse material with each blast.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
In a fluidized bed reactor having a grid provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, the improvement comprising: at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion; said aeration chamber provided at one end with a coarse material discharge opening which opens into said air chamber, and at an opposite end with means for supplying intermittent and substantially instantaneous air blasts of about 2.5 to 7.0 bar into said aeration chamber and directed towards said coarse material discharge opening, such that said aeration chamber is substantially emptied of said coarse material with each blast.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for supplying the substantially instantaneous air blast is capable of supplying said air blasts for durations of approximately 30-100 milliseconds.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 1 and further comprising a baffle pivotally mounted in front of said coarse material discharge opening.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said coarse material discharge opening end is directed upwardly.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said air chamber has a bottom surface including an inclined cooling grid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said inclined cooling grid is provided with a plurality of air nozzles through which air is supplied from a cooling fan.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 6 wherein said cooling grid further comprises an outlet leading to a transport means.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 and further including means for supplying fluidizing air into an upper end of said vertical pipe portion for returning fine particles to said fluidization zone.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 and further including means for supplying fluidizing air into a lower portion of said aeration chamber for returning fine particles to said fluidization zone.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 and further including means for supplying fluidizing air into a lower end of said vertical pipe portion for returning fine particles to said fluidization zone.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 and wherein said aeration chamber extends angularly relative to said vertical pipe portion, and substantially equally in two opposite directions on either side of said vertical pipe portion.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein the vertical pipe portion and aeration chamber have substantially equal volumes.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
146 words
In a fluidized bed reactor having a grid provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, the improvement comprising: at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion substantially equally in two opposite directions; said aeration chamber provided at a lowermost end with means for supplying intermittent and substantially instantaneous blasts of air into said aeration chamber, and at an uppermost end with a discharge opening which opens into said air chamber, each said blast substantially emptying said coarse material from said aeration chamber.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
146 words
In a fluidized bed reactor having a grid provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, the improvement comprising: at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion substantially equally in two opposite directions; said aeration chamber provided at a lowermost end with means for supplying intermittent and substantially instantaneous blasts of air into said aeration chamber, and at an uppermost end with a discharge opening which opens into said air chamber, each said blast substantially emptying said coarse material from said aeration chamber.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 13 wherein said means supplying a substantially instantaneous blast of air comprises an aerator capable of supplying air blasts of about 2.5-7.0 bar and about 30-100 milliseconds in duration.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
Apparatus as defined in claim 13 and further including additional means for supplying fluidizing air into the vertical discharge pipe portion and the aeration chamber for returning fine material to the fluidization zone.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for discharging coarse material from a fluidized bed reactor having a grip provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, comprising the steps of: (a) providing at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening, and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion, said aeration chamber provided at one end with a discharge opening, and at an opposite end with means for supplying pressurized air into said aeration chamber; (b) periodically supplying pressurized air in the form of substantially instantaneous blasts into said aeration chamber to discharge substantially all of the coarse material in the aeration chamber from the reactor with each blast, and wherein each said blast of air is supplied at about 2.5-7.0 bar.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for discharging coarse material from a fluidized bed reactor having a grip provided with a plurality of nozzles by which combustion and fluidization air is evenly distributed from an air chamber disposed below the grid to a fluidization zone above the grid, and wherein the grid is provided with an outlet opening for coarse material, comprising the steps of: (a) providing at least one discharge device including a vertical pipe portion connected at one end to said outlet opening, and at the other end to an aeration chamber extending angularly with respect to said vertical pipe portion, said aeration chamber provided at one end with a discharge opening, and at an opposite end with means for supplying pressurized air into said aeration chamber; (b) periodically supplying pressurized air in the form of substantially instantaneous blasts into said aeration chamber to discharge substantially all of the coarse material in the aeration chamber from the reactor with each blast, and wherein each said blast of air is supplied at about 2.5-7.0 bar.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 16 wherein said instantaneous blasts of air have a duration of about 30-100 milliseconds.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method as defined in claim 16 and including the further step of supplying fluidizing air into at least a lower end of said vertical pipe portion for removing fine particles from said material to be discharged, and returning the fine particles to the fluidization zone.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as defined in claim 16 and including supplying fluidizing air into upper and lower portions of said vertical pipe portion, and said aeration chamber, for removing fine particles from said material to be discharged, and returning the fine particles to the fluidization zone.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-03-03 | 1995-09-02 | 1996-03-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-03-03 | 1999-09-02 | 2000-03-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-03-03 | 2003-09-02 | 2004-03-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |