US5089200A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for melt extrusion of polymers
Assignee: EIDP Inc
•
Filing: 1990-09-20
•
Granted: 1992-02-18
•
Expires: 2010-09-20
Abstract
Abstract Process of melt extruding through an extrusion die whose surface is coated with one or more metal oxides, M x O y , wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valencies of M, a difficultly-melt-processible polymer containing 0.002-2 parts by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, of at least one melt-processible fluorocarbon polymer processing aid having a fluorine to carbon ratio of at least 1:2 and having metal oxide-reactive sites capable of reacting with or physically associating with the metal oxide of the die surface.
Inventors
- 👤 George R. Chapman, Jr.
- 👤 Rita S. McMinn
- 👤 Donnan E. Priester
- 👤 William L. Phillips
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 00:15
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08L; C08L23/00; C08L23/02; C08L23/04; C08L23/08; C08L23/0807; C08L23/0815; B; B29; B29C; B29C48/00; B29C48/03; B29C48/09; B29C48/10; B29C48/25; B29C48/30; B29C48/32; B29C48/36; B29C48/50; B29C48/505; B29C48/507; B29C48/509; C08L23/16; D; D01; D01D; D01D4/00; D01D4/02; C08K; C08K3/00; C08K3/34; C08K3/36; C08L23/06; C08L2310/00; C08L27/00; C08L27/02; C08L27/12; C08L27/16; C08L27/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
A process comprising melt extruding through an extrusion die a composition comprising a difficultly-melt-processible polymer and 0.002-2% by weight, based on the weight of the difficultly-melt-processible polymer, of at least one melt-processible fluorocarbon polymer processing aid, said fluorocarbon polymer processing aid having a fluorine to carbon ratio of at least 1:2, wherein the die surface is coated with one or more metal oxides, M x O y , wherein M is a metal selected from the groups consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valencies of M, and wherein said fluorocarbon polymer processing aid has incorporated therein an effective amount of metal oxide-reactive sites capable of reacting with or physically associating with the metal oxide die surface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
134 words
A process comprising melt extruding through an extrusion die a composition comprising a difficultly-melt-processible polymer and 0.002-2% by weight, based on the weight of the difficultly-melt-processible polymer, of at least one melt-processible fluorocarbon polymer processing aid, said fluorocarbon polymer processing aid having a fluorine to carbon ratio of at least 1:2, wherein the die surface is coated with one or more metal oxides, M x O y , wherein M is a metal selected from the groups consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valencies of M, and wherein said fluorocarbon polymer processing aid has incorporated therein an effective amount of metal oxide-reactive sites capable of reacting with or physically associating with the metal oxide die surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluorine to carbon ratio is at least 1:1.5.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the composition further contains an inorganic filler.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the inorganic filler is silica.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the inorganic filler is talc.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the inorganic filler is glass microbeads.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the difficultly-melt-processible polymer is a mono-olefin polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the mono-olefin polymer is a homopolymer or copolymer of one or more monoolefins of the formula RCH═CH 2 wherein R is H or alkyl.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 8 wherein R is C 1-8 alkyl.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the polymer is low density polyethylene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the polymer is linear low density polyethylene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the polymer is high density polyethylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of ethylene, propylene and a non-conjugated diene.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 1 where the fluoropolymer process aid contains polar functionality present as polymer chain end groups selected from the group consisting of --COF, --SO 3 M, --OSO 3 M, --OH and COOM, wherein M is hydrogen, a metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid contains polar functionality along the polymer chain that is present as carbon-hydrogen bonds capable of hydrogen bonding to the metal oxide surface of the die.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid contains polar functionality attached along the polymer chain, selected from the group consisting of --SO 2 F, --SO 2 Cl, --SO 3 M, --COOR and --COOM, wherein R is C 1-3 alkyl and M is hydrogen, a metal cation, or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a fluoroelastomer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and propylene.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene and vinylidene fluoride.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether).
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the fluoroelastomer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether).
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a melt-processible fluororesin that has a glass transition temperature or crystalline melting temperature below 350° C.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 24 wherein the fluororesin is a partially crystalline homopolymer or copolymer of vinylidene fluoride.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 24 wherein the fluororesin is an irradiated polymer of tetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 24 wherein the fluororesin is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 24 wherein the fluororesin is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 28 wherein the fluororesin is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
61 words
The process of claim 28 wherein the fluororesin is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether),containing a functional group selected from the group consisting of --SO 2 F, SO 2 Cl, --COOR, --SO 3 M and --COOM where R is lower alkyl of 1-3 carbon atoms and M is hydrogen, an alkali metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is Fe 3 O 4 .
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is Cr 2 O 3 .
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is a mixture of Fe 3 O 4 and Cr 2 O 3 .
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is A1 2 O 3 .
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 .
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is TiO 2 .
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is a mixture of Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 .
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide is ZrO 2 .
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide has a root mean square roughness of 5-1000.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 39 wherein the metal oxide has a root mean square roughness of 10-100.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
65 words
Polymer extrusion die wherein the polymer-contacting die surface contains metal oxide M x O y , wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valencies of M, and wherein M x O y has bonded thereto a fluoropolymer process aid.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
65 words
Polymer extrusion die wherein the polymer-contacting die surface contains metal oxide M x O y , wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valencies of M, and wherein M x O y has bonded thereto a fluoropolymer process aid.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The die of claim 41 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a fluoroelastomer.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
27 words
The die of claim 41 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a melt-processible fluororesin that has a glass transition temperature or crystalline melting temperature below 350° C.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
55 words
The die of claim 41 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is bonded to the metal oxide by virtue of polar functionality present as polymer chain end groups selected from the group consisting of --COF, --SO 3 M, --OSO 3 M, --OH and --COOM, wherein M is hydrogen, a metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
62 words
The die of claim 41 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is bonded to the metal oxide by virtue of polar functionality attached along the polymer chain, selected from the group consisting of --SO 2 F, --SO 2 Cl, --COOR, --SO 3 M and --COOM, wherein R is C 1-3 alkyl and M is hydrogen, a metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
17 words
The die of claim 41 wherein the metal oxide has a root mean square roughness of 5-1000.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
17 words
The die of claim 46 wherein the metal oxide has a root mean square roughness of 10-100.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process for treating a polymer extrusion die surface, said process comprising incorporating into the polymer-contacting die surface a metal oxide M x O y wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valence of M, and subsequently bonding thereto a fluoropolymer processing aid.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
69 words
A process for treating a polymer extrusion die surface, said process comprising incorporating into the polymer-contacting die surface a metal oxide M x O y wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Al and Si, and x and y are selected to satisfy the valence of M, and subsequently bonding thereto a fluoropolymer processing aid.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 48, wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a fluoroelastomer.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 48, wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is a melt-processible fluororesin that has a glass transition temperature or crystalline melting temperature below 350° C.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
55 words
The process of claim 48 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is bonded to the metal oxide by virtue of polar functionality present as polymer chain end groups selected from the group consisting of --COF, --SO 3 M, --SO 3 M, --OH and --COOM, wherein M is hydrogen, a metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
62 words
The process of claim 48 wherein the fluoropolymer process aid is bonded to the metal oxide by virtue of polar functionality attached along the polymer chain, selected from the group consisting of --SO 2 F, --SO 2 Cl, --SO 3 M, --COOR and --COOM, wherein R is C 1-3 alkyl and M is hydrogen, a metal cation or a quaternary ammonium cation.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 48 wherein said incorporation of metal oxide is achieved by heating the die.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-02-17 | 1995-08-19 | 1996-02-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-02-17 | 1999-08-19 | 2000-02-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-02-17 | 2003-08-19 | 2004-02-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |