US5061682A
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Ceramic precursor mixture and technique for converting the same to ceramic
Assignee: University of Washington
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Filing: 1990-01-17
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Granted: 1991-10-29
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Expires: 2010-01-17
Abstract
Abstract Ceramic precursor mixtures containing a metal cation, a carbohydrate, and an anion capable of participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction with the carbohydrate for continuous or batchwise drying and pyrolyzing to provide ceramic powders.
Inventors
- 👤 Ilhan A. Aksay
- 👤 Chan Han
- 👤 Gary D. Maupin
- 👤 Corrie B. Martin
- 👤 Randal P. Kurosky
- 👤 Gregory C. Stangle
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 12:03
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01G; C01G3/00; C01G3/006; C01B; C01B13/00; C01B13/14; C01B13/32; C01B13/322; C01B13/324; C01G49/00; C01G49/009; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/01; C01P2004/03; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/725; Y10S505/737; Y10T; Y10T152/00; Y10T152/10; Y10T152/10009
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
99 words
A process for producing particles of ceramic material, the process comprising the steps: (a) forming droplets of a ceramic precursor mixture containing a metal cation, a carbohydrate, a solvent, and an anion capable of participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction with the carbohydrate; (b) removing substantially all of the solvent from the droplets of the ceramic precursor mixture to form particles comprising the metal cation, the anion, and the carbohydrate and; (c) thermally initiating an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction between the anion and the carbohydrate under conditions which permit the anion and the carbohydrate to react in an explosive manner.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
99 words
A process for producing particles of ceramic material, the process comprising the steps: (a) forming droplets of a ceramic precursor mixture containing a metal cation, a carbohydrate, a solvent, and an anion capable of participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction with the carbohydrate; (b) removing substantially all of the solvent from the droplets of the ceramic precursor mixture to form particles comprising the metal cation, the anion, and the carbohydrate and; (c) thermally initiating an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction between the anion and the carbohydrate under conditions which permit the anion and the carbohydrate to react in an explosive manner.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the droplets are formed by atomizing the ceramic precursor mixture.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the droplets are formed by aerosolizing the ceramic precursor mixture.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the anionic oxidation-reduction reaction generates thermal energy that promotes conversion of the particles to a multiphase ceramic material consisting essentially of carbonates, hydroxides, and oxides of the metal cation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 4, further comprising the step: (d) heating the particles to convert the multiphase ceramic material into a single phase ceramic.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 5, wherein the single phase ceramic is a high temperature ceramic superconductor.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the anionic oxidation-reduction reaction generates thermal energy that promotes conversion of particles to a single phase ceramic consisting essentially of an oxide of the metal cation.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 7, wherein the thermal energy generated by the anionic oxidation-reduction reaction converts substantially all the particles to a single phase ceramic consisting essentially of oxides of the metal cation.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 8, wherein the single phase ceramic is a high temperature ceramic superconductor.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
42 words
The process of claim 8, wherein the particles have a surface area to volume ratio such that the thermal energy generated by the anionic oxidation-reduction reaction is greater than the thermal energy that is lost by the particles during the oxidation-reduction reaction.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises dispersing the droplets into a gas, and wherein step (b) further comprises separating the gas from the particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the ceramic precursor mixture is a true solution.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the ceramic precursor mixture is selected from the group consisting of emulsions, microemulsions, sols, supersaturated solutions, and suspensions.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
70 words
A ceramic precursor mixture capable of being converted into a ceramic by thermal energy, the mixture comprising: (a) a metal nitrate capable of being converted to a metal oxide by thermal energy; and (b) sucrose, the nitrate ion of the metal nitrate and the sucrose participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction, the ceramic precursor mixture having a sucrose to nitrate ion molar ratio ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.5.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
70 words
A ceramic precursor mixture capable of being converted into a ceramic by thermal energy, the mixture comprising: (a) a metal nitrate capable of being converted to a metal oxide by thermal energy; and (b) sucrose, the nitrate ion of the metal nitrate and the sucrose participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction, the ceramic precursor mixture having a sucrose to nitrate ion molar ratio ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.5.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The ceramic precursor mixture of claim 14, further comprising a solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of water and short-chain alcohols.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ceramic precursor mixture of claim 15, wherein the mixture is capable of being converted into droplets.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
The ceramic precursor mixture of claim 14, wherein the metal ion of the metal nitrate is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, barium, bismuth, calcium, copper, chromium, europium, iron, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, manganese, lead, strontium, ytterbium, yttrium, and zinc.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The ceramic precursor mixture of claim 14, wherein the mixture is a true solution.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The ceramic precursor mixture of claim 14, wherein the mixture is selected from the group consisting of emulsions, microemulsions, supersaturated solutions, sols, and suspensions.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the anion is selected from the group consisting of nitrate, formate, and peroxide anions and the metal cation is selected from the group of metal cations consisting from aluminium, barium, bismuth, calcium, copper, chromium, europium, iron, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, manganese, lead, strontium, ytterbium, yttrium, and zinc.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
108 words
A process for producing particles of ceramic material, the process comprising the steps: (a) forming droplets of a ceramic precursor mixture containing a metal cation, a carbohydrate, a solvent, and an anion capable of participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction with the carbohydrate; (b) removing substantially all of the solvent from the droplets of the ceramic precursor mixture to form particles comprising the metal cation, the anion, and the carbohydrate; (c) thermally initiating an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction between the anion and the carbohydrate; and (d) converting the metal salt to ceramic material, the thermal initiating step and converting step being substantially completed in about 2.0 seconds or less.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
108 words
A process for producing particles of ceramic material, the process comprising the steps: (a) forming droplets of a ceramic precursor mixture containing a metal cation, a carbohydrate, a solvent, and an anion capable of participating in an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction with the carbohydrate; (b) removing substantially all of the solvent from the droplets of the ceramic precursor mixture to form particles comprising the metal cation, the anion, and the carbohydrate; (c) thermally initiating an anionic oxidation-reduction reaction between the anion and the carbohydrate; and (d) converting the metal salt to ceramic material, the thermal initiating step and converting step being substantially completed in about 2.0 seconds or less.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3385915A
Cited
US4065544A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-10-28 | 1995-04-29 | 1995-10-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-10-28 | 1999-04-29 | 1999-10-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-10-28 | 2003-04-29 | 2003-10-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |