US5035502A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Transparent calculator for overhead projection
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1989-08-28
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Granted: 1991-07-30
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Expires: 2009-08-28
Abstract
Abstract A hand-held calculator has a transparent window carrying a liquid crystal display as well as transparent number and function key locations such that when placed on an overhead projector, the calculator can be used to demonstrate to a classroom of students all operations performed in a sequence of mathematical operations. The plastic casing of the calculator has one or more small holes passing through the casing at corners. Another feature of the calculator is an improved keyboard of relatively small domain size for each key, with a spacer grid on the back surface of the keyboard membrane panel overlay element, effective to provide pressure isolation of an active key from adjacent keys and also to prevent other pressures on the keyboard from causing mistaken entries. A further feature of the calculator is a protrusion or foot at each corner of the back of the calculator casing. Finally, the calculator in a preferred embodiment has a plurality of different background colors for different groups of the transparent function keys.
Inventors
- 👤 William T. Stokes
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:54
CPC Classifications
G; G09; G09B; G09B5/00; G03; G03B; G03B21/00; G03B21/132; G06; G06F; G06F15/00; G06F15/02; G06F15/0216; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S353/00; Y10S353/03; Y10S353/05
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
A hand held calculator of the type having a transparent window with a liquid crystal numerical display and having transparent number keys and function keys such that operations performed on the calculator and results obtained thereby can be projected onto a screen when the calculator is laid on the light platform of an overhead projector, comprising, a plurality of colors in transparent backgrounds of the function keys, with the function keys grouped into different colors so that each function key can be identified with a color on an overhead projector screen, and a grid of heavy opaque lines outlining the keys so that the keys are clearly defined on the screen, separated by the opaque lines appearing black on the screen.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
121 words
A hand held calculator of the type having a transparent window with a liquid crystal numerical display and having transparent number keys and function keys such that operations performed on the calculator and results obtained thereby can be projected onto a screen when the calculator is laid on the light platform of an overhead projector, comprising, a plurality of colors in transparent backgrounds of the function keys, with the function keys grouped into different colors so that each function key can be identified with a color on an overhead projector screen, and a grid of heavy opaque lines outlining the keys so that the keys are clearly defined on the screen, separated by the opaque lines appearing black on the screen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
The calculator of claim 1, having a casing with a through bore at least at one corner, so that the calculator can be tethered to an overhead projector by a string or cord attached through the bore, to prevent destructive dropping of the calculator.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
65 words
The calculator of claim 1, including a casing having. protruding feet on a bottom surface, near corners of the casing, of sufficient height to permit air circulation between the calculator and a light table of an overhead projector so as to permit cooling of the liquid crystal display and avoidance of overheating of the liquid crystal display which could result in malfunction of the display.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
83 words
The calculator of claim 1, including a casing with a front overlay membrane panel which accepts pressure of a finger for entry of numbers and selected functions into the calculator, and including isolation grid means on the back surface of the front overlay panel, applied along said grid of heavy opaque lines, for physically isolating the pressure applied at a number or function key from actuating an adjacent function or number key by spacing the membrane slightly upwardly at said heavy opaque lines.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The calculator of claim 4, wherein the isolation grid means comprises a plastic grid deposited on the back surface of said heavy opaque lines, with a thickness in the range of about 0.001 to 0.003 inch.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
64 words
The calculator of claim 1, in combination with an overhead projector with a light platform on which the calculator rests, and the calculator having a casing with a through bore at least at one corner, and including a string or cord attached through the bore and secured to the overhead projector, so as to prevent destructive dropping of the calculator from the overhead projector.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
The calculator of claim 6, further including protruding feet on a bottom surface of the casing, of sufficient height to permit air circulation between the calculator and the light platform of the overhead projector so as to permit cooling of the liquid crystal display and avoidance of overheating of the display which could result in malfunction.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The calculator of claim 7, wherein the protruding feet are of high-friction resilient material, further preventing the calculator from sliding off the light platform of the overhead projector.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
The calculator of claim 8, wherein the resilient feet are of such height, resilience and spacing such that heavy pressure applied anywhere on the keyboard will push the back surface of the calculator into contact with the light platform, without damaging the calculator.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The transparent projectible calculator of claim 1, wherein the have opaque lines have widths of between about 1/32 and 1/16 inch.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
141 words
In a transparent projectable calculator having a substantially transparent liquid crystal display for projecting inputs and results of calculations in black against a screen, and including a substantially transparent keyboard with opaque characters on a transparent field for number and function keys, the calculator including a front membrane panel at the keyboard, a rigid panel below the keyboard with conductive paths for the keys, contactable by the membrane panel when a key is touched to activate the respective key, and a back plate, the improvement comprising, isolation grid means fixed onto the back surface of the front membrane panel at the keyboard, physically isolating the number and function keys from each other and for preventing pressure on the keyboard from actuating erroneous function or number keys by spacing the membrane slightly upwardly from the rigid panel at the isolation grid means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
141 words
In a transparent projectable calculator having a substantially transparent liquid crystal display for projecting inputs and results of calculations in black against a screen, and including a substantially transparent keyboard with opaque characters on a transparent field for number and function keys, the calculator including a front membrane panel at the keyboard, a rigid panel below the keyboard with conductive paths for the keys, contactable by the membrane panel when a key is touched to activate the respective key, and a back plate, the improvement comprising, isolation grid means fixed onto the back surface of the front membrane panel at the keyboard, physically isolating the number and function keys from each other and for preventing pressure on the keyboard from actuating erroneous function or number keys by spacing the membrane slightly upwardly from the rigid panel at the isolation grid means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
The transparent projectable calculator of claim 11, wherein the isolation grid means comprises a plastic grid deposited on the back surface of the membrane panel, with a thickness in the range of about 0.001 to 0.003 inch.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The transparent projectable calculator of claim 11, wherein the isolation grid means comprises an epoxy silkscreen-printed onto the back of the front membrane panel.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
55 words
The transparent projectable calculator of claim 11, further including a grid of heavy opaque lines outlining the keys on the keyboard so that the keys are clearly defined on the screen, separated by the opaque lines, appearing black on the screen, and said isolation grid means being secured along said grid of heavy opaque lines.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
115 words
The transparent projectable calculator of claim 14, wherein the conductive circuit traces are of the type which respond to contact by a carbon-containing printed number or function indicia on the back side of the membrane panel via an increased resistance in a circuit including the circuit traces, and wherein the grid of heavy opaque lines includes carbon and the circuit traces have paths leading generally along the heavy opaque lines en route to the particular number or function keys, and the isolation grid means serving to isolate the heavy opaque lines from the adjacent paths of circuit traces so that erroneous entries due to contact of the opaque lines with the circuit traces are prevented.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
58 words
The transparent projectable calculator of claim 11, further including protruding feet on a bottom surface of the casing, of sufficient height to permit air circulation between the calculator and the light platform of the overhead projector so as to permit cooling of the liquid crystal display and avoidance of overheating of the display which could result in malfunction.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-07-29 | 1995-01-28 | 1995-07-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-01-28 | 1999-07-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-07-29 | 2003-01-28 | 2003-07-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |