Transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope

Claim 2

A transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope defining an optical axis, the illuminating arrangement comprising: an adjustable field diaphragm mounted on said optical axis; a condenser likewise mounted on said optical axis in spaced relationship to said field diaphragm; and, the condenser including a spherical front lens and an aperture diaphragm disposed between said front lens and said field diaphragm.

Claim 3

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 1, said condenser including a second lens arranged on said optical axis, and said second lens being a convergent lens having a long focal length.

Claim 4

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 2, further comprising means for moving said second lens out of said optical axis.

Claim 5

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 1, wherein said microscope has a specimen stage, and wherein said spherical front lens has a radius r 1 and a thickness d 2 ; said front lens being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, said aperture diaphragm being disposed a distance d 3 from said front lens and a distance d 7 from said field diaphragm; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; and, wherein: r 1 =13.67 mm d 1 =2.1 mm d 2 =2r 1 d 3 =2.0 mm d 7 =119.5 mm n d1 =1.60738 ν d1 =56.45.

Claim 6

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 4, wherein said condenser has a numerical aperture =0.45.

Claim 7

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 1, wherein said microscope has a specimen stage, and wherein said spherical front lens has a radium r 1 and a thickness d 2 ; said front lens being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, said aperture diaphragm being disposed a distance d 3 from said front lens and a distance d 7 from said field diaphragm; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; and, wherein the parameters r 1 , d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , d 7 , n d1 and ν d1 are selected so as to cause said condenser to have a numerical aperture of approximately 0.45.

Claim 8

A transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope defining an optical axis and having a specimen stage, the illuminating arrangement comprising: an adjustable field diaphragm mounted on said optical axis; a condenser likewise mounted on said axis in spaced relationship to said field diaphragm; said condenser including: a spherical front lens having a radius r 1 and a thickness d 2 and being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, an aperture diaphragm disposed on said optical axis a distance d 3 away from said front lens; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; said condenser further including a convergent lens having a thickness d 5 and being disposed on said axis between said aperture diaphragm and said field diaphragm so a to be a distance d 4 from said aperture diaphragm and a distance d 6 from said field diaphragm; said convergent lens having a first surface defining a radium r 2 and a second surface defining a radius f 3 ; and, said convergent lens having an index of refraction n d2 and a dispersion ν d2 ; and, wherein r 1 =13.67 mm r 2 =∞ r 3 =30.0 mm d 1 =0.4 mm d 2 =2r 1 d 3 =2.0 mm d 4 =16.0 mm d 5 =4.5 mm d 6 =100 mm n d1 =1.60738 ν d1 =56.45 n d2 =1.60738 ν d2 =56.45.

Claim 9

A transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope defining an optical axis and having a specimen stage, the illuminating arrangement comprising: an adjustable field diaphragm mounted on said optical axis; a condenser likewise mounted on said axis in spaced relationship to said field diaphragm; said condenser including: a spherical front lens having a radius r 1 and a thickness d 2 and being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, an aperture diaphragm disposed on said optical axis a distance d 3 away from said front lens; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; said condenser further including a convergent lens having a thickness d 5 and being disposed on said axis between said aperture diaphragm and said field diaphragm so a to be a distance d 4 from said aperture diaphragm and a distance d 6 from said field diaphragm; said convergent lens having a first surface defining a radium r 2 and a second surface defining a radius f 3 ; and, said convergent lens having an index of refraction n d2 and a dispersion ν d2 ; and, wherein r 1 =13.67 mm r 2 =∞ r 3 =30.0 mm d 1 =0.4 mm d 2 =2r 1 d 3 =2.0 mm d 4 =16.0 mm d 5 =4.5 mm d 6 =100 mm n d1 =1.60738 ν d1 =56.45 n d2 =1.60738 ν d2 =56.45.

Claim 10

The transmitted-light illuminating arrangement of claim 7, wherein said condenser has a numerical aperture =0.8.

Claim 11

A transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope defining an optical axis and having a specimen stage, the illuminating arrangement comprising: an adjustable field diaphragm mounted on said optical axis; a condenser likewise mounted on said axis in spaced relationship to said field diaphragm; said condenser including: a spherical front lens having a radius r 1 and a thickness d 2 and being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, an aperture diaphragm disposed on said optical axis a distance d 3 away from said front lens; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; said condenser further including a convergent lens having a thickness d 5 and being disposed on said axis between said aperture diaphragm and said field diaphragm so as to be a distance d 4 from said aperture diaphragm and a distance d 6 from said field diaphragm; said convergent lens having a first surface defining a radius r 2 and a second surface defining a radius r 3 ; and, said convergent lens having an index of refraction n d2 and a dispersion ν d2 ; and, wherein the parameters r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , d 1 to d 6 , n d1 , ν d1 , n d2 and ν d2 are selected so as to cause said condenser to have a numerical aperture of approximately .8.

Claim 12

A transmitted-light illuminating arrangement for a microscope defining an optical axis and having a specimen stage, the illuminating arrangement comprising: an adjustable field diaphragm mounted on said optical axis; a condenser likewise mounted on said axis in spaced relationship to said field diaphragm; said condenser including: a spherical front lens having a radius r 1 and a thickness d 2 and being disposed a distance d 1 from said specimen stage; and, an aperture diaphragm disposed on said optical axis a distance d 3 away from said front lens; said front lens having an index of refraction n d1 and a dispersion ν d1 ; said condenser further including a convergent lens having a thickness d 5 and being disposed on said axis between said aperture diaphragm and said field diaphragm so as to be a distance d 4 from said aperture diaphragm and a distance d 6 from said field diaphragm; said convergent lens having a first surface defining a radius r 2 and a second surface defining a radius r 3 ; and, said convergent lens having an index of refraction n d2 and a dispersion ν d2 ; and, wherein the parameters r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , d 1 to d 6 , n d1 , ν d1 , n d2 and ν d2 are selected so as to cause said condenser to have a numerical aperture of approximately .8.