US5020119A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
System for producing serrated, alternating pixel pattern on character boundaries
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1989-06-26
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Granted: 1991-05-28
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Expires: 2009-06-26
Abstract
Abstract An image processing system for converting gray level, digital, pixel information into binary data. Pixels with digital values close to the threshold value are further processed to determine the binary value to be specified for that pixel. In such cases, the adjacent horizontal pixel is tested and, if that test is inconclusive, the adjacent vertical pixel is tested. Depending upon the tests of whether the adjacent pixels were also close to the threshold value, the current pixel value is assigned the opposite value as the previous adjacent pixel. This has the effect of specifying, for transition areas at the boundaries of text characters and graphic lines, alternating pixels which produce a serrated edge along the borders of the character or line. These edges are of high spatial frequency and are substantially undetectable under ordinary circumstances by an observer. These edges are also smoothed in the printing process by the fusing of the toner to the output medium. The invention is also applicable to adding alternating pixel areas to larger areas defined by digital values close to a predetermined threshold value, and enhances the information stored by binary bits for continuous-tone and half-tone pictorial images.
Inventors
- 👤 Hwai T. Tai
- 👤 John R. Thompson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 13:36
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/40; H04N1/409; H04N1/4092; H04N1/403
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
179 words
A system for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said system comprising: threshold means for receiving a signal representing a current digital pixel value and in response thereto generating either (a) a first signal representing a current pixel as binary "1" and thereby determining said value as being within a first range of values or (b) generating a second signal representing said current pixel as binary "0"and thereby determining said value as being within a third range of values or (c) generating a third signal determining said value for said current pixel as being within a second range intermediate said first and third ranges; and processing means coupled to said threshold means and responsive to said third signal for generating a signal representing said current pixel as a binary "1"when a signal representing the digital pixel value of an adjacent pixel was determined to be within the second range and in response thereto a signal representing binary "0"was generated for said adjacent pixel.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
179 words
A system for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said system comprising: threshold means for receiving a signal representing a current digital pixel value and in response thereto generating either (a) a first signal representing a current pixel as binary "1" and thereby determining said value as being within a first range of values or (b) generating a second signal representing said current pixel as binary "0"and thereby determining said value as being within a third range of values or (c) generating a third signal determining said value for said current pixel as being within a second range intermediate said first and third ranges; and processing means coupled to said threshold means and responsive to said third signal for generating a signal representing said current pixel as a binary "1"when a signal representing the digital pixel value of an adjacent pixel was determined to be within the second range and in response thereto a signal representing binary "0"was generated for said adjacent pixel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
53 words
The processing system of claim 1 and wherein the processing means includes means for generating a signal representing binary "0"when a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent pixel was determined to be within the second range and in response thereto a signal representing binary "1"was generated for said adjacent pixel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
63 words
The processing system of claim 1 and wherein the processing means includes means for first testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent horizontal pixel and, if it is not determined to be within the second range, next testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent vertical pixel to determine if it is within the second range.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
91 words
The processing system of claim 1 and wherein the processing means includes means for generating a signal representing one binary value when the current digital pixel value is above a predetermined threshold and a different signal representing a different binary value when the current digital pixel value is below a predetermined threshold where the current digital pixel value is determined to be within the second range of values and the digital pixel values of at least two pixels adjacent said current pixel were determined not to be within the second range.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
63 words
The processing system of claim 4 and wherein the processing means includes means for first testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent horizontal pixel and, if it is not determined to be within the second range, next testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent vertical pixel to determine if it is within the second range.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
63 words
The processing system of claim 1 and wherein the processing means includes means for first testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent horizontal pixel and, if it is not determined to be within the second range, next testing a signal representing the digital pixel value of the adjacent vertical pixel to determine if it is within the second range.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
131 words
A system for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said system comprising: first means for converting signals representing multibit digital values to binary values for pixels which represent the inner portions of text characters and for pixels which represent the background areas outside the characters; means for determining when signals representing multibit digital values are for pixels which are at the boundaries of characters and background areas; and second means for converting signals representing multibit digital values to binary values for the determined boundary pixels, said second means effectively alternating the binary values of the majority of the adjacent pixels which define the boundary, thereby causing the binary data to define characters having serrated edges.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
131 words
A system for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said system comprising: first means for converting signals representing multibit digital values to binary values for pixels which represent the inner portions of text characters and for pixels which represent the background areas outside the characters; means for determining when signals representing multibit digital values are for pixels which are at the boundaries of characters and background areas; and second means for converting signals representing multibit digital values to binary values for the determined boundary pixels, said second means effectively alternating the binary values of the majority of the adjacent pixels which define the boundary, thereby causing the binary data to define characters having serrated edges.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
149 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a background area, text area, or text-background boundary; in response to a determination that the multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a text background boundary converting the digital signal into a signal of one binary value if it represents a background area; converting the digital signal into a signal of the other binary value if it represents a text area; obtaining conversion information about an adjacent processed pixel; and converting the digital signal into a signal of the binary value which is opposite to that of said adjacent processed pixel when the adjacent processed pixel represents a portion of a text-background boundary.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
149 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a background area, text area, or text-background boundary; in response to a determination that the multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a text background boundary converting the digital signal into a signal of one binary value if it represents a background area; converting the digital signal into a signal of the other binary value if it represents a text area; obtaining conversion information about an adjacent processed pixel; and converting the digital signal into a signal of the binary value which is opposite to that of said adjacent processed pixel when the adjacent processed pixel represents a portion of a text-background boundary.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 8 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 9 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a background area, text area or text-background boundary; converting the digital signal into a signal of one binary value if it represents background area; obtaining conversion information about a previously processed pixel; and converting the digital signal when it represents a boundary into one of two binary values, with adjacent pixels along the boundary converted to a series of alternating binary values to purposely introduce a fine serrated edge at most of the boundaries of the text characters defined by the binary data.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit digital signal being processed represents a portion of a background area, text area or text-background boundary; converting the digital signal into a signal of one binary value if it represents background area; obtaining conversion information about a previously processed pixel; and converting the digital signal when it represents a boundary into one of two binary values, with adjacent pixels along the boundary converted to a series of alternating binary values to purposely introduce a fine serrated edge at most of the boundaries of the text characters defined by the binary data.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 11 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 12 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
31 words
The processing method of claim 11 wherein the size of pixels printed by said output device is small enough to provide a line resolution of at least 133 lines per inch.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 14 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 15 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
187 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information from an electronic scanner and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit signal having a digital pixel value representing a current pixel being processed represents a first certain range of digital pixel values, a second certain range of digital pixel values, or an uncertain range of digital pixel values which is intermediate the first and the second certain ranges; converting the digital pixel value into a signal of one binary value if it is within the first certain range; converting the digital pixel value into a signal of the other binary value if it is within the second certain range; and in response to a determination made for a previously processed pixel, converting the digital pixel value of the current pixel, when it is within the uncertain range into a signal of the opposite binary value to that of the previously processed pixel when the digital pixel value of the previously processed pixel was also within the uncertain range.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
187 words
A method for processing gray level digital pixel information from an electronic scanner and converting the pixel information into two-valued binary data suitable for use by a binary output device, said method including the steps of: determining whether a multibit signal having a digital pixel value representing a current pixel being processed represents a first certain range of digital pixel values, a second certain range of digital pixel values, or an uncertain range of digital pixel values which is intermediate the first and the second certain ranges; converting the digital pixel value into a signal of one binary value if it is within the first certain range; converting the digital pixel value into a signal of the other binary value if it is within the second certain range; and in response to a determination made for a previously processed pixel, converting the digital pixel value of the current pixel, when it is within the uncertain range into a signal of the opposite binary value to that of the previously processed pixel when the digital pixel value of the previously processed pixel was also within the uncertain range.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 17 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 18 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
68 words
The processing method of claim 17 including the step of: converting the digital pixel value of the current pixel when it is within the uncertain range into a binary value depending upon whether the digital value of the current pixel is above or below a threshold value after determining that at least two adjacent previous pixels had respective digital pixel values that were not within the uncertain range.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 20 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 21 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of converting gray level digital pixel information signals into binary data signals, said method including the steps of: locating regions where pixels are each represented by multibit signals having digital pixel values which are within a middle range of possible digial pixel values, the middle range being between an upper and lower range of possible digital pixel values; and converting the digital values of pixels in said regions to signals having binary values which provide a pixel pattern of alternating binary values in each of said regions.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
89 words
A method of converting gray level digital pixel information signals into binary data signals, said method including the steps of: locating regions where pixels are each represented by multibit signals having digital pixel values which are within a middle range of possible digial pixel values, the middle range being between an upper and lower range of possible digital pixel values; and converting the digital values of pixels in said regions to signals having binary values which provide a pixel pattern of alternating binary values in each of said regions.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 23 and wherein the data is printed and then the data is developed with toner.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 24 wherein optical information is scanned from a document and converted to electrical signals.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-05-27 | 1994-11-26 | 1995-05-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-11-26 | 1999-05-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-05-27 | 2002-11-26 | 2003-05-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |