Electromagnetic energy transmission and detection apparatus

Claim 2

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus for transmitting a high intensity electromagnetic field and detecting the presence of a low intensity electromagnetic field emanating from an external source despite the presence of said high intensity electromagnetic field, comprising: a support means; means for generating a first electrical signal for use in creating said high intensity electromagnetic field; a transmitter coil affixed to said support means for receiving said first electrical signal and transmitting said high intensity electromagnetic field, said transmitter coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a substantially polygonal volume of space having a central axis, said transmitter coil being adapted to generate a magnetic flux field within said volume; first and second receiver coils disposed within said volume of space at significantly separated points and adapted to have linking relationships with portions of said flux field, said first and second receiver coils being electrically connected to each other in a differential circuit relationship such that the magnitude of electrical signals induced in said first and second receiver coils by electromagnetic energy transmitted by said transmitter coil are substantially equal and opposite to each other, whereby electromagnetic energy generated by said external source and passing through at least one of said first and second receiver coils will induce an electrical signal of greater magnitude in one receiver coil than will be induced in the other receiver coil and cause a current to flow in said differential circuit which corresponds to the energy generated by said external source; and means responsive to said current flowing in said differential circuit and operative to indicate a measure of the energy generated by said external source.

Claim 3

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said portions of said flux field varies in intensity at said significantly separated points, and wherein said first and second receiver coils electrically compensate for variations in the intensity of said flux field.

Claim 4

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first and second receiver coils are substantially identical in shape and have linking relationships with substantially identical portions of said flux field.

Claim 5

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first and second receiver coils and said transmitter coil are substantially co-planar.

Claim 6

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first and second receiver coils are disposed within said volume of space at substantially diametrically opposed points.

Claim 7

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first and second receiver coils are each more sensitive to said low-intensity electromagnetic field than said transmitter coil.

Claim 8

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said first receiver coil includes one or more conductive windings circumscribing a first substantially polygonal volume of space having a first central axis, and wherein said second receiver coil includes one or more conductive windings circumscribing a second substantially polygonal volume of space having a second central axis.

Claim 9

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein first central axis and said second central axes are substantially parallel to said central axis of said transmitter coil.

Claim 10

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 8, wherein said first central axis and second central axis are equidistant from said central axis of said transmitter coil.

Claim 11

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein said first central axis and said second central axis are substantially coaxial.

Claim 12

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein said first and second polygonal volumes of space are each smaller than said polygonal volume of space of said transmitter coil.

Claim 13

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus for transmitting a high intensity electromagnetic field and detecting the presence of a low intensity electromagnetic field emanating from an external source despite the presence of said high intensity electromagnetic field, comprising: a structural support means; means for generating a first electrical signal for use in creating said high intensity electromagnetic field; a transmitter coil affixed to said support means for receiving said first electrical signal and transmitting said high intensity electromagnetic field, said transmitter coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a substantially polygonal volume of space having a central axis, said transmitter coil being adapted to generate a magnetic flux field within said volume; a first receiver coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a first substantially polygonal volume of space having a first central axis; a second receiver coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a second substantially polygonal volume of space having a second central axis, said first and second receiver coils disposed within said volume of space of said transmitter coil at significantly separated points and adapted to have linking relationships with portions of said flux field, said first and second receiver coils being electrically connected to each other in a differential circuit relationship such that the magnitude of electrical signals induced in said first and second receiver coils by electromagnetic energy transmitted by said transmitter coil are substantially equal and opposite to each other, whereby electromagnetic energy generated by said external source and passing through at least one of said first and second receiver coils will induce an electrical signal of greater magnitude in one receiver coil than will be induced in the other receiver coil and cause a current to flow in said differential circuit which corresponds to the energy generated by said external source; and means responsive to said current flowing in said differential circuit and operative to indicate a measure of the energy generated by said external source.

Claim 14

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus for transmitting a high intensity electromagnetic field and detecting the presence of a low intensity electromagnetic field emanating from an external source despite the presence of said high intensity electromagnetic field, comprising: a structural support means; means for generating a first electrical signal for use in creating said high intensity electromagnetic field; a transmitter coil affixed to said support means for receiving said first electrical signal and transmitting said high intensity electromagnetic field, said transmitter coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a substantially polygonal volume of space having a central axis, said transmitter coil being adapted to generate a magnetic flux field within said volume; a first receiver coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a first substantially polygonal volume of space having a first central axis; a second receiver coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a second substantially polygonal volume of space having a second central axis, said first and second receiver coils disposed within said volume of space of said transmitter coil at significantly separated points and adapted to have linking relationships with portions of said flux field, said first and second receiver coils being electrically connected to each other in a differential circuit relationship such that the magnitude of electrical signals induced in said first and second receiver coils by electromagnetic energy transmitted by said transmitter coil are substantially equal and opposite to each other, whereby electromagnetic energy generated by said external source and passing through at least one of said first and second receiver coils will induce an electrical signal of greater magnitude in one receiver coil than will be induced in the other receiver coil and cause a current to flow in said differential circuit which corresponds to the energy generated by said external source; and means responsive to said current flowing in said differential circuit and operative to indicate a measure of the energy generated by said external source.

Claim 15

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said portions of said flux field varies in intensity at said significantly separated points, and wherein said first and second receiver coils electrically compensate for variations in the intensity of said flux field.

Claim 16

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first and second receiver coils are substantially identical in shape and have linking relationships with substantially identical portions of said flux field.

Claim 17

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first central axis and second central axis are equidistant from said central axis of said transmitter coil.

Claim 18

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 15, wherein said first and second receiver coils and said transmitter coil are substantially co-planar.

Claim 19

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first central axis and second central axis are substantially co-axial.

Claim 20

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first and second polygonal volumes of space are each smaller than said polygonal volume of space of said transmitter coil.

Claim 21

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first and second receiver coils are each more sensitive to said low-intensity electromagnetic field than said transmitter coil.

Claim 22

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first and second receiver coils and said transmitter coil are substantially co-planar.

Claim 23

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein said first and second receiver coils are disposed within said volume of space at substantially diametrically opposed points.

Claim 24

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus for transmitting a high intensity electromagnetic field to a remotely located identification transponder responsive to said high intensity electromagnetic field and operative to transmit a low intensity electromagnetic field including a modulated identification signal, and for detecting the modulated identification signal transmitted by the transponder despite the presence of the high intensity electromagnetic field, comprising: a structural support means; means for generating a first electrical signal for use in creating said high intensity electromagnetic field; a transmitter coil affixed to said support means for receiving said first electrical signal and transmitting said high intensity electromagnetic field, said transmitter coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a substantially polygonal volume of space having a central axis, said transmitter coil being adapted to generate a magnetic flux field within said volume; first and second receiver coils disposed within said volume of space at significantly separated points and adapted to have linking relationships with portions of said flux field, said first and second receiver coils being electrically connected to each other in a differential circuit relationship such that the magnitude of electrical signals induced in said first and second receiver coils by electromagnetic energy transmitted by said transmitter coil are substantially equal and opposite to each other, whereby electromagnetic energy generated by said external source and passing through at least one of said first and second receiver coils will induce an electrical signal of greater magnitude in one receiver coil than will be induced in the other receiver coil and cause a current to flow in said differential circuit which corresponds to said modulated identification signal transmitted by said transponder; and means responsive to said modulated identification signal and operative to display the content of said modulated identification signal.

Claim 25

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus for transmitting a high intensity electromagnetic field to a remotely located identification transponder responsive to said high intensity electromagnetic field and operative to transmit a low intensity electromagnetic field including a modulated identification signal, and for detecting the modulated identification signal transmitted by the transponder despite the presence of the high intensity electromagnetic field, comprising: a structural support means; means for generating a first electrical signal for use in creating said high intensity electromagnetic field; a transmitter coil affixed to said support means for receiving said first electrical signal and transmitting said high intensity electromagnetic field, said transmitter coil including one or more conductive windings circumscribing a substantially polygonal volume of space having a central axis, said transmitter coil being adapted to generate a magnetic flux field within said volume; first and second receiver coils disposed within said volume of space at significantly separated points and adapted to have linking relationships with portions of said flux field, said first and second receiver coils being electrically connected to each other in a differential circuit relationship such that the magnitude of electrical signals induced in said first and second receiver coils by electromagnetic energy transmitted by said transmitter coil are substantially equal and opposite to each other, whereby electromagnetic energy generated by said external source and passing through at least one of said first and second receiver coils will induce an electrical signal of greater magnitude in one receiver coil than will be induced in the other receiver coil and cause a current to flow in said differential circuit which corresponds to said modulated identification signal transmitted by said transponder; and means responsive to said modulated identification signal and operative to display the content of said modulated identification signal.

Claim 26

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said portions of said flux field varies in intensity at said significantly separated points, and wherein said first and second receiver coils electrically compensate for variations in the intensity of said flux field.

Claim 27

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said first and second receiver coils are substantially identical in shape and have linking relationships with substantially identical portions of said flux field.

Claim 28

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said first and second receiver coils are more sensitive to said low-intensity electromagnetic field than said transmitter coil.

Claim 29

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said first and second receiver coils and said transmitter coil are substantially co-planar.

Claim 30

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said first and second receiver coils are disposed within said volume of space at substantially diametrically opposed points.

Claim 31

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 22, wherein said first receiver coil includes one or more conductive windings circumscribing a first substantially polygonal volume of space having a first central axis, and wherein said second receiver coil includes one or more conductive windings circumscribing a second substantially polygonal volume of space having a second central axis.

Claim 32

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 28, wherein first central axis and said second central axes are substantially parallel to said central axis of said transmitter coil.

Claim 33

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 29, wherein said first central axis and second central axis are equidistant from said central axis of said transmitter coil.

Claim 34

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 29, wherein said first central axis and said second central axis are substantially co-axial.

Claim 35

An electromagnetic transmission and detection apparatus as recited in claim 29, wherein said first and second polygonal volumes of space are each smaller than said polygonal volume of space of said transmitter coil.