US4996108A
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US
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Sheets of transition metal dichalcogenides
Assignee: Simon Fraser University
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Filing: 1989-01-17
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Granted: 1991-02-26
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Expires: 2009-01-17
Abstract
Abstract Compositions of the formula MX 2 :Y, wherein MX 2 is a layer type transition metal dichalcogenide, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium and Y is a material located between layers of MX 2 . The compositions may be prepared by the steps of first forming a suspension of the MX 2 in a body of water. A liquid which is immiscible with water is added to the suspension. The suspension and immiscible liquid are agitated together to form a temporary emulsion. The emulsion is allowed to rest until the water and the liquid separate with an interface therebetween. A sheet-like composition of MX 2 :Y forms at the interface. Preferably, the MX 2 is in exfoliated, singular molecular thickness layers suspended in the water.
Inventors
- 👤 W. M. Ranjith Divigalpitiya
- 👤 Robert F. Frindt
- 👤 S. Roy Morrison
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 11:30
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B19/00; C01B19/007; C01G; C01G35/00; C01G39/00; C01G39/06; C01G41/00; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/20; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/77; C01P2002/78; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/20; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/28; C03C2217/287; C03C2218/00; C03C2218/10; C03C2218/11; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
129 words
A process for forming sheet-like compositions of the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium and Y is a material located between layers of MX 2 , which comprises the steps of: (a) forming a suspension of MX 2 in a body of water; (b) adding a non-metallic liquid which is immiscible with water to the suspension; (c) agitating the mixture to form a temporary emulsion; (d) allowing the emulsion to rest until the water and the immiscible liquid separate with an interface therebetween and a sheet-like composition of MX 2 :Y forms at said interface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
129 words
A process for forming sheet-like compositions of the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium and Y is a material located between layers of MX 2 , which comprises the steps of: (a) forming a suspension of MX 2 in a body of water; (b) adding a non-metallic liquid which is immiscible with water to the suspension; (c) agitating the mixture to form a temporary emulsion; (d) allowing the emulsion to rest until the water and the immiscible liquid separate with an interface therebetween and a sheet-like composition of MX 2 :Y forms at said interface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of removing the MX 2 :Y from the body of water and the immiscible liquid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MX 2 is provided in the form of platelets.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MX 2 is provided in layers having a single molecular thickness.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the immiscible liquid is selected with a density less than the density of water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the water immiscible liquid is selected from the group consisting of hexene; alkanes (n= 5 to 12); 1, 1-dichloroethane; iso-butyl alcohol; n-butyl alcohol; benzene; cyclohexane; 1,2,5-trimethylbenzene; and tertiary butyl benzene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the immiscible liquid selected is styrene, the process further comprising the step of heating the MX 2 :Y to polymerize the styrene between the layers of MX 2 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the immiscible liquid is a liquid metal carbonyl.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process as claimed in claim 8, wherein the immiscible liquid is iron pentacarbonyl, the process further comprising the step of heating the MX 2 :Y to decompose the iron pentacarbonyl to form iron between the layers of MX 2 .
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the immiscible liquid is selected with a density greater than the density of water.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 10, wherein the immiscible liquid is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-dichloroethane; carbon tetrachloride; dimethoxy benzene; 1-chloronaphthalene; and iron pentacarbonyl.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of adding acidic material to the water so the pH is between 2 to 7.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein Y includes water and the immiscible liquid between layers of the MX 2 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as claimed in claim 13, wherein Y further includes a solute.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein the solute is selected from a group consisting of ferrocene, 1,2-diferrocenylethane; chrysene; stearamide; phthalocyanine and copper phthalocyanine;
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein the MX 2 :Y is heated in an inert atmosphere to remove the water and immiscible liquid and leave the solute between the layers of MX 2 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 13, further comprising the step of drying the MX 2 :Y to remove the Y from the MX 2 .
Claim 19
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of coating an object, comprising: forming a sheet-like composition at an interface between water and a non-metallic liquid which is immiscible with water, the composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, the M is selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten; X is selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, and Y is a material located between layers of MX 2 ; and bringing the object into contact with the sheet-like composition and allowing the composition to spread over the object.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of coating an object, comprising: forming a sheet-like composition at an interface between water and a non-metallic liquid which is immiscible with water, the composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, the M is selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten; X is selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, and Y is a material located between layers of MX 2 ; and bringing the object into contact with the sheet-like composition and allowing the composition to spread over the object.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the MX 2 is crystalline with c-axes perpendicular to the substrate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide; and Y is an organic material located between layers of MX 2 .
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide; and Y is an organic material located between layers of MX 2 .
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition as claimed in claim 20, wherein the MX 2 is in the form of single molecular thickness sheets.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition as claimed in claim 21, wherein Y is a monolayer of a metallocene molecules.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition as claimed in claim 22, wherein the metallocene is selected from the group consisting of ferrocene and 1,2-diferrocenylethane.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composition as claimed in claim 20, wherein Y is selected from a group consisting of hexene; alkanes (n= 5 to 12); 1,2-dichloroethane; iso-butyl alcohol; n-butyl alcohol; cyclohexane; benzene; styrene; 1, 3-5 trimethylbenzene; tertiary butyl benzene; 1,2-dichloroethane; carbon tetrachloride; dimethoxy benzene; 1-chloronaphthalene; chrysene; stearamide; phthalocyanine; copper phthalocyanine and iron pentacarbonyl.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
79 words
A object having a surface coated with a composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, and Y is an organic substance located between layers of MX 2 , the MX 2 , being crystalline with c-axes perpendicular to the surface of the object.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
79 words
A object having a surface coated with a composition having the formula: MX.sub.2 :Y wherein MX 2 is a layer-type transition metal dichalcogenide, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten, X is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur and selenium, and Y is an organic substance located between layers of MX 2 , the MX 2 , being crystalline with c-axes perpendicular to the surface of the object.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
An object as claimed in claim 25, wherein the MX 2 is in the form of single molecular layers.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4299892A
Cited
US4647386A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-02-25 | 1994-08-27 | 1995-02-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-02-25 | 1998-08-27 | 1999-02-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-02-25 | 2002-08-27 | 2003-02-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |