US4985072A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Polycrystalline magnetic substances for magnetic refrigeration and a method of manufacturing the same
Assignee: Toshiba Corp
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Filing: 1988-09-22
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Granted: 1991-01-15
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Expires: 2008-09-22
Abstract
Abstract The polycrystalline magnetic substance for magnetic refrigeration in or gas refrigeration accordance with the present invention comprises a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline powders that include at least one kind of rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, with the remainder metal consisting substantially of 2 kinds selected from Al, Ni, Co, and Fe, and a metallic binder which forms a compact together with the fine crystalline particles, where the abundance ratio of the metallic binder in the compact is 1 to 80% by volume.
Inventors
- 👤 Masashi Sahashi
- 👤 Hiromi Niu
- 👤 Koichiro Inomata
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 01:52
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01F; H01F1/00; H01F1/01; H01F1/012; B; B22; B22F; B22F1/00; B22F1/17
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A magnetic refrigerant comprised of a polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A magnetic refrigerant comprised of a polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles comprise two kinds or more of alloy fine crystalline particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metallic binder comprises at least one of a metal and an alloy having a heat conductivity at 4.2K of 1 W/cm.K or over.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
74 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metallic binder comprises a covering layer formed on said magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles and a nonmagnetic metal for connecting the magnetic alloys covered with the covering layer, wherein said covering layer is comprised of at least one kind of magnetic element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, and Fe, which is at a higher concentration than that in the magnetic alloys.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein rare-earth elements are mixed in the magnetic alloys at the ratio of 20% by weight to 99% by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the nonmagnetic metal comprises a metal or an alloy with a heat conductivity of 1 W/cm.K or over at 4.2K.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the nonmagnetic metal is at least one kind of element selected from Au, Ag, and Cu.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the covering layer comprises at least one kind of magnetic element selected from Ni, Co, and Fe.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein said magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles comprise two kinds or more of fine crystalline particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the particle diameter of said magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles is 1 to 100 μm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
45 words
A magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of particles is comprised of at least two kinds of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles having different magnetic transition points, crystal phase transformation points, transformation points due to Jahn-Teller effect, or spin rearrangement temperatures.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
102 words
A magnetic refrigerant comprising at least two kinds of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles having different magnetic transition points, crystal phase transformation points, transformation points due to Jahn-Teller effect, or spin rearrangement temperatures, wherein each of said two kinds of particles comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and at least one element selected from B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn Pb, Cu, Ag, Au, Be, Mg, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ru, Rb, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Fe, Co, and Ni.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
102 words
A magnetic refrigerant comprising at least two kinds of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles having different magnetic transition points, crystal phase transformation points, transformation points due to Jahn-Teller effect, or spin rearrangement temperatures, wherein each of said two kinds of particles comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and at least one element selected from B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn Pb, Cu, Ag, Au, Be, Mg, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ru, Rb, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Fe, Co, and Ni.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 11, wherein the filling factor of the magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles in the compact is 95% or more.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 11, wherein the particle diameter of said magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles is 0.1 to 1,000μm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 2, wherein the two kinds of particles have different magnetic transition points, crystal phase transformation points, transformation points due to Jahn-Teller effect, or spin rearrangement temperatures.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 5, wherein said plurality of particles is comprised of at least two kinds of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 15, wherein the particle diameter of said fine crystalline particles is 1 to 100μm.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
111 words
A magnetic refrigerant composed of polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume, wherein said polycrystalline magnetic substance is in a weakly magnetized state between about 40° and 70° K.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
111 words
A magnetic refrigerant composed of polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume, wherein said polycrystalline magnetic substance is in a weakly magnetized state between about 40° and 70° K.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
115 words
A magnetic refrigerant composed of polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Dr, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume wherein said polycrystalline magnetic substance undergoes a steep decline in magnetization in the range of about 8° K. and 80° K.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
115 words
A magnetic refrigerant composed of polycrystalline magnetic substance comprising a plurality of magnetic alloy fine crystalline particles that comprise at least one rare-earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Dr, Tm, and Yb, and the remainder comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, and Fe; and a metallic binder for forming a compact together with said fine crystalline particles, the abundance ratio of said metallic binder in the compact being 1 to 80% by volume wherein said polycrystalline magnetic substance undergoes a steep decline in magnetization in the range of about 8° K. and 80° K.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the remainder comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Al and Ni only.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
75 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 12, wherein each of said two kinds of particles comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and at least one element selected from B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Cu, Ag, Au, Be, Mg, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ru, Rb, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, and Ni.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
22 words
The magnetic refrigerant as claimed in claim 18, wherein said polycrystalline magnetic substance is in a weakly magnetic state at room temperature.
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