US4972175A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Security enclosures
Assignee: W.L. Gore and Associates Inc
•
Filing: 1989-06-15
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Granted: 1990-11-20
•
Expires: 2009-06-15
Abstract
Abstract A security enclosure is formed from layers of flexible material. One layer carries a flexible semiconductive line arranged to extend over the whole area of the enclosure. Any interruption of the line by unauthorized opening of the enclosure changes the resistance of the line and so can be detected by a monitoring circuit. Further, two layers of semiconductive fibers also cover the whole area of the enclosure and are separated by an insulating layer. The length of the fibers is greater than the thickness of the insulating layer so that if the enclosure is pierced fibers from one layer will be forced into contact with fibers from the other layer. This will change the combined resistance of the layers and this can also be detected by a monitoring circuit. The two measures can be used separately.
Inventors
- 👤 Hugh MacPherson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 20:29
CPC Classifications
G; G08; G08B; G08B13/00; G08B13/02; G08B13/12; G08B13/126; G08B13/128; B; B60; B60R; B60R25/00; B60R25/10; G06; G06F; G06F21/00; G06F21/70; G06F21/86; G06F21/87; G06F2221/00; G06F2221/21; G06F2221/2143
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
154 words
A security enclosure comprising a flexible sheet of an insulating material extending over the whole of the area of the enclosure and carrying a flexible linear electrically responsive element on both sides of the sheet in a configuration so dividing the surfaces thereof that attempted opening of the enclosure changes an electrical characteristic of the element, the change being detectable by an electrical circuit, the linear electrically responsive element comprising an array of lines on each side of the sheet of insulating material extending between spaced points around the edge of the sheet, said points on one side of the sheet being in register with points on the other side, and the lines on one side of the sheet extending obliquely relative to the lines on the other side and being interconnected thereto at the registering points so as to form a single conductor dividing the sheet into a matrix of relatively small areas.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
154 words
A security enclosure comprising a flexible sheet of an insulating material extending over the whole of the area of the enclosure and carrying a flexible linear electrically responsive element on both sides of the sheet in a configuration so dividing the surfaces thereof that attempted opening of the enclosure changes an electrical characteristic of the element, the change being detectable by an electrical circuit, the linear electrically responsive element comprising an array of lines on each side of the sheet of insulating material extending between spaced points around the edge of the sheet, said points on one side of the sheet being in register with points on the other side, and the lines on one side of the sheet extending obliquely relative to the lines on the other side and being interconnected thereto at the registering points so as to form a single conductor dividing the sheet into a matrix of relatively small areas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, in which the lines of the linear electrically responsive element are formed with a semi-conductive material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A security enclosure according to claim 2 or 3, in which the linear electrically responsive element is printed on the sheet of insulating material using a semiconductive ink.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A security enclosure according to claim 7, in which the ink contains carbon to provide it with its semiconductive properties.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, in which the lines on each side of the sheet of insulating material are parallel to each other whereby the sheet is divided into a matrix of diamond shaped areas.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, in which the lines on opposite sides of the sheet of insulating material are interconnected at each pair of registering points by a conductive adhesive extending through a hole formed through the sheet and the registering points.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, in which the sheet of insulating material is provided with a layer of an opaque material which covers the linear electrically responsive element.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
A security enclosure according to claim 7, in which the opaque layer is formed by over-printing the sheet of insulating material with a nonconductive ink which is the same color as semiconductive ink forming the linear electrically responsive element.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, in which the sheet of insulating material is folded and bonded together at its edges to form the enclosure.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
41 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, including a monitor circuit housed within the enclosure and connected to the linear electrically responsive element for producing an electrical output when the electrical characteristic of the element changes on opening of the enclosure.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
108 words
A security enclosure according to claim 1, further comprising two flexible layers of electrically responsive fibrous material separated by a layer of flexible insulating material, the layers extending over the whole area of the enclosure, and the length of the fibers of the fibrous material being greater than the thickness of the layer of insulating material so that piercing of the enclosure forces fibers from one of said layers of fibrous material to penetrate the layer of insulating material and contact the other of said layers of fibrous material to change an electrical characteristic of said layers of fibrous material, said change being detectable by an electrical circuit.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A security enclosure according to claim 11, in which the layers of electrically responsive fibrous material are layers of semiconductive fibers and the combined resistance of the layers changes on piercing.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
A security enclosure according to claim 11, in which the layers of electrically responsive fibrous material are arranged over the flexible sheet of insulating material carrying the linear electrically responsive element and are separated therefrom by a further layer of flexible insulating material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
A security enclosure according to claim 13, in which the layers of electrically responsive fibrous material, the layers of insulating material, and the flexible sheet carrying the linear electrically responsive element are bonded together.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
A security enclosure according to claim 13, in which the layers together with the sheet carrying the linear electrically responsive element are folded and bonded at the edges to form the enclosure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
55 words
A security enclosure according to claim 11, including a monitor circuit housed within the enclosure and connected to the linear electrically responsive element and to the layers of electrically responsive fibrous material for producing an electrical output when the electrical characteristic of the element or layers of fibrous material changes on opening of the enclosure.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
A security enclosure according to claim 16, in which the monitor circuit is connected to the linear electrically responsive element and to the layers of fibrous material through a connector strip which is incorporated into the enclosure on closing and which carries conductive tracks forming the required connections.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
42 words
A security enclosure according to claim 16, in which the monitor circuit is arranged to detect a change in electrical resistance of the linear electrically responsive element or a change in the combined resistance of the layers of electrically responsive fibrous material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
104 words
A security enclosure comprising two flexible layers of electrically responsive fibrous material separated by a layer of a flexible insulating material, the layers extending over the whole area of the enclosure, and the length of the fibers of the fibrous material being greater than the thickness of the layer of insulating material so that piercing of the enclosure forces fibers from one of said layers of fibrous material to penetrate the layer of insulating material and contact the other of said layers of fibrous material to change an electrical characteristic of the layers of fibrous material, said change being detectable by an electrical circuit.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
104 words
A security enclosure comprising two flexible layers of electrically responsive fibrous material separated by a layer of a flexible insulating material, the layers extending over the whole area of the enclosure, and the length of the fibers of the fibrous material being greater than the thickness of the layer of insulating material so that piercing of the enclosure forces fibers from one of said layers of fibrous material to penetrate the layer of insulating material and contact the other of said layers of fibrous material to change an electrical characteristic of the layers of fibrous material, said change being detectable by an electrical circuit.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
154 words
A flexible sheet of an insulating material for use in forming a security enclosure, the sheet carrying a flexible liner electrically responsive element arranged on both sides of the sheet in a configuration so dividing the surface thereof that, in use, attempted opening of the enclosure changes an electrical characteristic of the element, the change being detectable by an electrical circuit, the linear electrically responsive element comprising an array of lines of conductive or semi-conductive material on each side of the sheet extending between spaced points around the edge of the sheet, said points on one side of the sheet being in register with the points on the other side, and the lines on one side of the sheet extending obliquely relative to the lines on the other side and being interconnected thereto at the registering points so as to form a single conductor dividing the sheet into a matrix of relatively small areas.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
154 words
A flexible sheet of an insulating material for use in forming a security enclosure, the sheet carrying a flexible liner electrically responsive element arranged on both sides of the sheet in a configuration so dividing the surface thereof that, in use, attempted opening of the enclosure changes an electrical characteristic of the element, the change being detectable by an electrical circuit, the linear electrically responsive element comprising an array of lines of conductive or semi-conductive material on each side of the sheet extending between spaced points around the edge of the sheet, said points on one side of the sheet being in register with the points on the other side, and the lines on one side of the sheet extending obliquely relative to the lines on the other side and being interconnected thereto at the registering points so as to form a single conductor dividing the sheet into a matrix of relatively small areas.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
136 words
A flexible laminate for use in forming a security enclosure, the laminate comprising a flexible sheet according to claim 20, two flexible layers of electrically responsive fibrous material separated by a layer of a flexible insulating material, the length of the fibers of the fibrous material being greater than the thickness of the layer of insulating material so that piercing of the laminate forces fibers from one of said layers of fibrous material to penetrate the layer of insulating material and contact the other of said layers of fibrous material to change an electrical characteristic of the layers of fibrous material, said change being detectable by an electric circuit and a further layer of a flexible insulating material separating said sheet carrying the electrically responsive element from a lower of the two layers of fibrous material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
A flexible laminate according to claim 21 further comprising top and bottom layers of a flexible insulating material respectively over the upper layer of fibrous material and under the sheet carrying the linear electrically responsive element.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
A flexible laminate according to claim 22, in which the sizes of the layers generally increase successively from the top to the bottom layer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
A flexible laminate according to claim 23, having a center line about which the laminate can be folded to form an enclosure by bonding together the registering edges of the folded laminate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
45 words
A flexible laminate according to claim 24, in which the edges of the bottom layer of flexible insulating material on one side of the center line are extended to form flaps for folding over and covering the joined edges of the enclosure when eventually formed.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
79 words
A flexible laminate according to claim 24, in which the layer of flexible insulating material immediately above the sheet carrying the linear electrically responsive element has its edges of one side of the center line extended sufficiently to cover the corresponding edges of the sheet carrying the electrically responsive element so that the edges of the sheet carrying the linear electrically responsive element are insulated from each other when the laminate is folded and bonded to form an enclosure.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-11-19 | 1994-05-21 | 1994-11-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-11-19 | 1998-05-21 | 1998-11-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-11-19 | 2002-05-21 | 2002-11-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |