Toner compositions with modified charge enhancing additives

Claim 2

An improved toner composition which comprises resin particles, pigment particles, and surface additives comprising a colorless charge enhancing component which is sorbed on a flow aid composition, this component being selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions and organic sulfate compositions, of the following formulas: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion, and ##STR2## wherein R 1 ia an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 3 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, said flow aid being selected from the group consisting of colloidal silicas and aluminum oxides.

Claim 3

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, styrene methacrylate copolymers, and styrene acrylate copolymers.

Claim 4

A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the polyester results from the condensation reaction of dimethylterephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaerythritol.

Claim 5

A toner composition in accordance with claim 2 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 89 percent by weight of styrene, and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.

Claim 6

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is carbon black.

Claim 7

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is a magnetite.

Claim 8

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is cetyl pyridinium chloride.

Claim 9

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge enhancing additive is stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium para-toluene sulfonate.

Claim 10

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green and mixtures thereof.

Claim 11

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the flow additive is a colloidal silica.

Claim 12

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the flow additive is an aluminum oxide.

Claim 13

A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.

Claim 14

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a material selected from the group consisting of a polychlorotrifluoroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoropolymer, and a terpolymer of styrene, methacrylate, and vinyltriethoxysilane.

Claim 15

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, styrene butadiene copolymers, and styrene methacrylate copolymers.

Claim 16

A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the polyester results from the condensation reaction of dimethylterephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaethylthritol.

Claim 17

A developer composition in accordance with claim 14 wherein the styrene butadiene copolymer contains 89 percent by weight of styrene, and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.

Claim 18

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the pigments is carbon black.

Claim 19

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the pigment is a magnetite.

Claim 20

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is cetyl pyridinium chloride.

Claim 21

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium para-toluene sulfonate, and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate.

Claim 22

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green and mixtures thereof.

Claim 23

A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the flow additive is a colloidal silica.

Claim 24

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl group of from about 14 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3.

Claim 25

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl group containing from about 14 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and n is the number 4.

Claim 26

A method for developing latent images which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a negatively charged imaging member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and permanently affixing the image thereto.

Claim 27

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the resin particles are comprised of a polyester resulting from the condensation reaction of dimethyl terephthalate, 1,3 butanediol, and pentaerythritol.

Claim 28

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the pigment is carbon black.

Claim 29

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the pigment is a magnetite.

Claim 30

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the pigment is present in an amount of from about 3 percent by weight to about 20 percent by weight.

Claim 31

A method of imaging in accordance with claim 25 wherein the resin particles are selected from the group consisting of styrene butadiene copolymers and styrene methacrylate copolymers.

Claim 32

An improved toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and surface additives which consist essentially of a colorless charge enhancing component which is sorbed on a flow aid composition, this component being selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions, and organic sulfate compositions of the following formulas: ##STR3## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion, and ##STR4## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 3 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, said flow aid being selected from the group consisting of colloidal silicas and aluminum oxides.

Claim 33

An improved toner composition consisting essentially of resin particles, pigment particles, and surface additives which consist essentially of a colorless charge enhancing component which is sorbed on a flow aid composition, this component being selected from the group consisting of alkyl pyridinium halides, organic sulfonate compositions, and organic sulfate compositions of the following formulas: ##STR3## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and A is an anion, and ##STR4## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group containing from about 12 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 3 is an alkyl group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene group with from about 1 carbon atom to about 5 carbon atoms, R 5 is a tolyl group or an alkyl group of from about 1 carbon atom to about 3 carbon atoms, and n is the number 3 or 4; and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, said flow aid being selected from the group consisting of colloidal silicas and aluminum oxides.

Claim 34

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the flow additive is a colloidal silica.

Claim 35

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the flow additive is an aluminum oxide.

Claim 36

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the charge enhancing additive is cetyl pyridinium chloride.

Claim 37

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the charge enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium para-toluene sulfonate and distearyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate.

Claim 38

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the resin particles are a polyester resulting from the condensation reaction of dimethyl terephthalate, 1,3-butanediol, and pentaerythritol.

Claim 39

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the resin particles are a styrene butadiene copolymer containing 89 percent by weight of styrene and 11 percent by weight of butadiene.

Claim 40

A developer composition comprising the toner composition of claim 31 and carrier particles consisting of a steel core coated with a material selected from the group consisting of a polychlorotrifluoroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer, a polyvinylidene fluoropolymer, and a terpolymer of styrene, methacrylate, and vinyltriethoxysilane.

Claim 41

A toner composition in accordance with claim 21 wherein the toner composition exhibits rapid admix times and compatibility with fusing rolls comprising Viton rubber.

Claim 42

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner is positively charged.

Claim 43

A toner composition in accordance with claim 31 wherein the toner is positively charged.