US4943475A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Multilayer composite protective fabric material and use in protective clothing
Assignee: Membrane Technology and Research Inc
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Filing: 1986-07-23
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Granted: 1990-07-24
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Expires: 2006-07-23
Abstract
Abstract A multilayer composite fabric material consisting of a woven or non-woven fabric support, a microporous membrane layer, and an ultrathin permselective surface coating, and optionally an intermediate sealing layer and a protective top layer; the material being freely permeable to water vapor but impermeable to toxic organic vapors. The material is suitable for fabricating protective clothing for use in industrial and military hazardous chemical enviornments.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard W. Baker
- 👤 Paul Shrock
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:21
CPC Classifications
A; A62; A62B; A62B17/00; A62D; A62D5/00; B; B32; B32B; B32B25/00; B32B25/20; B32B27/00; B32B27/28; B32B27/281; B32B27/285; B32B27/286; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B27/308; B32B27/32; B32B27/34; B32B27/36; B32B5/00; B32B5/02; B32B2262/00; B32B2262/02; B32B2262/0246; B32B2262/0253; B32B2262/0261; B32B2262/0276; B32B2319/00; B32B2327/00; B32B2367/00; B32B2371/00; B32B2377/00; B32B2379/00; B32B2379/08; B32B2571/00; B32B2571/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/913; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249978; Y10T428/249979; Y10T428/24998; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/3154; Y10T428/31544; Y10T428/31652; Y10T428/31663; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/20; Y10T442/2041; Y10T442/2098; Y10T442/2139; Y10T442/2148; Y10T442/2549
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
32 words
Protective clothing, comprising at least one garment, said garment being fabricated from a composite material comprising: a clothing fabric layer, coated with; a microporous support membrane, coated with; an ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
32 words
Protective clothing, comprising at least one garment, said garment being fabricated from a composite material comprising: a clothing fabric layer, coated with; a microporous support membrane, coated with; an ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The protective clothing of claim 1, further comprising a sealing layer coating one surface of said ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the clothing fabric layer is made from at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, acrylics, and polyimides.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the microporous support membrane is made from a polymer selected from the group consisting of polysulfones, polyamides, crosslinked polyimides, polyetherether ketones and polyvinylidine fluoride.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The protective clothing of claim 2, wherein the sealing layer is silicone rubber.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the permselective membrane is made from a crosslinked polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the permselective membrane is made from at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate ethylcellulose, acrylic copolymers, polyacrylonitrile copolymers, polyamides and polyurethanes.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the microporous support membrane is between 30 and 200 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The protective clothing of claim 2, wherein the thickness of the sealing layer is between 0.1 and 5 microns.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the permselective membrane is between 0.05 and 5 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the water vapor permeability of the material is at least 50 g/m 2 . hr, normalized to 100%RH.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the permeability of the material for organic vapors is less than 2 mg/m 2 . hr.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the permeability of the material to nitrogen tetroxide is less than 2 mg/m 2 . hr.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
38 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the permeability of the material to an organic vapor selected from the group consisting of hydrazine, monomethyl hydrazine and dimethyl hydrazine, is less than 2 mg/m 2 . hr.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the multilayer composite semipermeable membrane is prepared by the solution coating method.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The protective clothing of claim 1 or 2, wherein the multilayer composite semipermeable membrane is prepared by the interfacial polymerization method.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
33 words
A method of rendering a clothing fabric impermeable to organic agents, comprising: coating the clothing fabric with a microporous support membrane; and, coating the microporous support membrane with a nonporous, ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
33 words
A method of rendering a clothing fabric impermeable to organic agents, comprising: coating the clothing fabric with a microporous support membrane; and, coating the microporous support membrane with a nonporous, ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 17, further comprising a step in which a sealing layer is coated in contact with at least one surface of said permselective membrane.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 17, wherein said coating steps result in a coated clothing fabric having a water vapor permeability of at least 50 g/m 2 . hr.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 17, wherein said coating steps result in a coated clothing fabric having an organic vapor permeability less than 2 mg/m 2 . hr.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 17, wherein said coating steps result in a coated clothing fabric having a hydrazine permeability less than 2 mg/m 2 . hr.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
40 words
A method of protecting a person from toxic organic agents, comprising clothing said person in at least one garment fabricated from a composite material comprising: a fabric layer, coated with; a microporous support membrane, coated with; an ultrathin permselective membrane.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
40 words
A method of protecting a person from toxic organic agents, comprising clothing said person in at least one garment fabricated from a composite material comprising: a fabric layer, coated with; a microporous support membrane, coated with; an ultrathin permselective membrane.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-07-23 | 1994-01-22 | 1994-07-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-07-23 | 1998-01-22 | 1998-07-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-07-23 | 2002-01-22 | 2002-07-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |