Patent JPS5525463A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4915908A
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Metal-second phase composites by direct addition
Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corp
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Filing: 1986-11-05
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Granted: 1990-04-10
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Expires: 2006-11-05
Abstract
Abstract A method is taught for the in-situ precipitation of second phase materials, such as ceramic or intermetallic particles, in a metallic matrix. By means of the Direct Addition Process, metal-second phase composites having highly superior properties may be obtained. Compacts of second phase-forming constituents and solvent metal are directly added to a molten metal bath to precipitate the second phase in-situ. Exemplary materials include titanium diboride or titanium carbide in an aluminum matrix.
Inventors
- 👤 Dennis C. Nagle
- 👤 John M. Brupbacher
- 👤 Leontios Christodoulou
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 16:26
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C1/00; C22C1/10; C22C1/1005; C22C1/1015; B; B22; B22F; B22F3/00; B22F3/23; B22F9/00; B22F9/02; B22F9/14; B23; B23K; B23K35/00; B23K35/22; B23K35/24; B23K35/32; B23K35/327; B23K35/40; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/64; C04B35/65; C04B35/651; C22C1/04; C22C1/05; C22C1/051; C22C1/057; C22C1/1036; C22C1/1047; C22C1/1052; C22C1/1068; C22C29/00; C22C32/00; C22C32/0047; C22C32/0078; C22C47/00; C22C47/02; C22C47/06; C22C47/08; C22C49/00; C22C49/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
108 words
A method for the production of a composite comprising a distribution of second phase particles in a metal, metal alloy, or intermetallic final matrix, the method comprising steps of: (a) preparing a mixture of elemental powders of reactive second phase-forming constituents and a substantially nonreactive solvent metal; (b) adding the mixture to a molten matrix metal, metal alloy or intermetallic at a temperature at which sufficient diffusion of said second phase-forming constituents into the solvent metal occurs to initiate an exothermic reaction of the reactive second phase-forming constituents; (c) permitting the exothermic reaction to further heat the mixture, consuming the second phase-forming constituents, and to form said composite.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
108 words
A method for the production of a composite comprising a distribution of second phase particles in a metal, metal alloy, or intermetallic final matrix, the method comprising steps of: (a) preparing a mixture of elemental powders of reactive second phase-forming constituents and a substantially nonreactive solvent metal; (b) adding the mixture to a molten matrix metal, metal alloy or intermetallic at a temperature at which sufficient diffusion of said second phase-forming constituents into the solvent metal occurs to initiate an exothermic reaction of the reactive second phase-forming constituents; (c) permitting the exothermic reaction to further heat the mixture, consuming the second phase-forming constituents, and to form said composite.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the molten matrix metal is at a temperature approximating the melting point of the solvent metal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the second phase particles are nonreactive and insoluble in the matrix metal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said distribution is substantially uniform.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the solvent metal and the molten matrix metal are of the same composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one second phase-forming constituent is a transition metal of the third to sixth groups of the Periodic Table.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
54 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one second phase-forming constituent is aluminum, titanium, silicon, boron, carbon, sulfur, tantalum, thorium, yttrium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, magnesium, scandium, lanthanum, chromium, oxygen, nitrogen, lithium, beryllium, iron, manganese, zinc, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum or a rare earth element.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method as set forth in claim 7, wherein the solvent metal and the molten matrix metal are each selected from aluminum, nickel, titanium, copper, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, iron, silicon, molybdenum, beryllium, silver, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalum, hafnium, zirconium, magnesium, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, or alloys of such metals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mixture is compressed to form a compact prior to addition to the molten matrix metal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as set forth in claim 9, wherein a protective coating is applied to the compact.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein said protective coating comprises boron nitride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein said protective coating is substantially nonwettable by the molten matrix metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein the solvent metal is aluminum, zinc, magnesium, copper, lead, nickel, chromium, iron, titanium, cobalt, or an alloy of such metals.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as set forth in claim 10, wherein at least one second phase-forming constituent is aluminum, silicon, titanium, hafnium, tantalum, zirconium, magnesium, vanadium, nickel, or tungsten.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as set forth in claim 14, wherein at least one other second phase-forming constituent is aluminum, boron, silicon, nitrogen, or carbon.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the particulate second phase is titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, zirconium disilicide, or titanium nitride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the second phase particles are substantially less than 5 microns in size.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the second phase-forming constituents are contacted in stoichiometric proportions.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein one of the second phase-forming constituents is provided in stoichiometric excess.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the second phase is a ceramic.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the second phase is an intermetallic.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of metal-second phase composite materials, the method comprising forming at least one second phase material in a final matrix by adding a mixture comprising elemental powders of reactive second phase-forming constituents and a substantially nonreactive solvent metal in which the second phase-forming constituents are more soluble than the second phase to molten matrix metal to cause a reaction of the second phase-forming constituents to form the second phase in the final matrix.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of metal-second phase composite materials, the method comprising forming at least one second phase material in a final matrix by adding a mixture comprising elemental powders of reactive second phase-forming constituents and a substantially nonreactive solvent metal in which the second phase-forming constituents are more soluble than the second phase to molten matrix metal to cause a reaction of the second phase-forming constituents to form the second phase in the final matrix.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of metal-second phase composite materials, the method comprising forming at least five volume percent of second phase particles in a final matrix by adding reactive second phase-forming constituents, together with a substantially nonreactive solvent metal in which the second phase-forming constituents are more soluble than the second phase, to a molten matrix metal to cause a reaction of the second phase-forming constituents to form the second phase particles in the final matrix.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
77 words
A method for the production of metal-second phase composite materials, the method comprising forming at least five volume percent of second phase particles in a final matrix by adding reactive second phase-forming constituents, together with a substantially nonreactive solvent metal in which the second phase-forming constituents are more soluble than the second phase, to a molten matrix metal to cause a reaction of the second phase-forming constituents to form the second phase particles in the final matrix.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-04-09 | 1993-10-09 | 1994-04-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-04-09 | 1997-10-09 | 1998-04-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-04-09 | 2001-10-09 | 2002-04-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |