Method of processing in a pulse doppler radar

Claim 1

The method of operating a pulse Doppler radar in a satellite moving in orbit around the earth to increase the probability of detection of an airborne target moving relative to the earth so that the Doppler velocity of such target as observed by such radar falls within a predetermined range of velocities centered on zero, such radar also incorporating a Displaced Phase Center Antenna feeding at least a first and a second receiving channel to provide signals for cancelling clutter, such method comprising the steps of: (a) transmitting a burst of interrogating pulses characterized by a first carrier frequency, a duty cycle less than about 10%, a pulse repetition frequency higher than the lowest pulse repetition frequency that results in a blind speed within the predetermined range of velocities and a duration preferably much greater than the round trip propagation time of pulses between the pulse Doppler radar and the airborne target; (b) separately processing received signals in the first and the second receiving channel to derive a first and a second spectrum of the Doppler shift frequencies of such received signals, each such spectrum having lower bands of frequencies indicative of clutter and echo signals from any airborne target having a like lower Doppler shift frequency and higher bands of frequencies indicative of echo signals from any airborne target having a like higher Doppler shift frequency; (c) delaying each signal in the lower band of frequencies out of the first receiving channel by a length of time equal to N times the interval between successive pulses in the burst of interrogating pulses, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; (d) subtracting each delayed signal from the corresponding signal in the then extant lower band of frequencies out of the second receiving channel to cancel clutter, thereby forming a first resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; (e) coherently combining the higher bands of frequencies out of the first and the second receiving channel thereby forming a second resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; and (f) selecting from the first and the second resultant band, the signal of greater magnitude.

Claim 2

The method of operating a pulse Doppler radar in a satellite moving in orbit around the earth to increase the probability of detection of an airborne target moving relative to the earth so that the Doppler velocity of such target as observed by such radar falls within a predetermined range of velocities centered on zero, such radar also incorporating a Displaced Phase Center Antenna feeding at least a first and a second receiving channel to provide signals for cancelling clutter, such method comprising the steps of: (a) transmitting a burst of interrogating pulses characterized by a first carrier frequency, a duty cycle less than about 10%, a pulse repetition frequency higher than the lowest pulse repetition frequency that results in a blind speed within the predetermined range of velocities and a duration preferably much greater than the round trip propagation time of pulses between the pulse Doppler radar and the airborne target; (b) separately processing received signals in the first and the second receiving channel to derive a first and a second spectrum of the Doppler shift frequencies of such received signals, each such spectrum having lower bands of frequencies indicative of clutter and echo signals from any airborne target having a like lower Doppler shift frequency and higher bands of frequencies indicative of echo signals from any airborne target having a like higher Doppler shift frequency; (c) delaying each signal in the lower band of frequencies out of the first receiving channel by a length of time equal to N times the interval between successive pulses in the burst of interrogating pulses, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; (d) subtracting each delayed signal from the corresponding signal in the then extant lower band of frequencies out of the second receiving channel to cancel clutter, thereby forming a first resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; (e) coherently combining the higher bands of frequencies out of the first and the second receiving channel thereby forming a second resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; and (f) selecting from the first and the second resultant band, the signal of greater magnitude.

Claim 5

The method of operating a pulse Doppler radar in a satellite moving in orbit around the earth to increase the probability of detection of an airborne target moving relative to the earth so that the Doppler velocity of such target as observed by such radar falls within a predetermined range of velocities centered on zero, such radar also incorporating a Displaced Phase Center Antenna feeding at least a first and a second receiving channel to provide signals for cancelling clutter, such method comprising the steps of: (a) transmitting a burst of interrogating pulses characterized by a first carrier frequency, a high duty cycle of up to 100%, a pulse repetition frequency higher than the lowest pulse repetition frequency that results in a blind speed within the predetermined range of velocities and a duration preferably slightly exceeding the round trip propagation time of pulses between the pulse Doppler radar and the airborne target; (b) separately processing received signals in the first and the second receiving channel to derive a first and a second spectrum of the Doppler shift frequencies of such received signals, each such spectrum having lower bands of frequencies indicative of clutter and echo signals from any airborne target having a like lower Doppler shift frequency and higher bands of frequencies indicative of echo signals from any airborne target having a like higher Doppler shift frequency; (c) delaying each signal in the lower band of frequencies out of the first receiving channel by a length of time equal to N times the interval between successive pulses in the burst of interrogating pulses, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; (d) subtracting each delayed signal from the corresponding signal in the then extant lower band of frequencies out of the second receiving channel to cancel clutter thereby forming a first resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; (e) coherently combining the higher bands of frequencies out of the first and the second receiving channels thereby forming a second resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; and (f) selecting from the first and the second resultant bands, the signal of greater magnitude.

Claim 6

The method of operating a pulse Doppler radar in a satellite moving in orbit around the earth to increase the probability of detection of an airborne target moving relative to the earth so that the Doppler velocity of such target as observed by such radar falls within a predetermined range of velocities centered on zero, such radar also incorporating a Displaced Phase Center Antenna feeding at least a first and a second receiving channel to provide signals for cancelling clutter, such method comprising the steps of: (a) transmitting a burst of interrogating pulses characterized by a first carrier frequency, a high duty cycle of up to 100%, a pulse repetition frequency higher than the lowest pulse repetition frequency that results in a blind speed within the predetermined range of velocities and a duration preferably slightly exceeding the round trip propagation time of pulses between the pulse Doppler radar and the airborne target; (b) separately processing received signals in the first and the second receiving channel to derive a first and a second spectrum of the Doppler shift frequencies of such received signals, each such spectrum having lower bands of frequencies indicative of clutter and echo signals from any airborne target having a like lower Doppler shift frequency and higher bands of frequencies indicative of echo signals from any airborne target having a like higher Doppler shift frequency; (c) delaying each signal in the lower band of frequencies out of the first receiving channel by a length of time equal to N times the interval between successive pulses in the burst of interrogating pulses, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; (d) subtracting each delayed signal from the corresponding signal in the then extant lower band of frequencies out of the second receiving channel to cancel clutter thereby forming a first resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; (e) coherently combining the higher bands of frequencies out of the first and the second receiving channels thereby forming a second resultant band wherein any signal is representative of an airborne target; and (f) selecting from the first and the second resultant bands, the signal of greater magnitude.