US4899589A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Semi-automatic for ultrasonic measurement of texture
Assignee: Iowa State University Research Foundation Inc
•
Filing: 1988-04-29
•
Granted: 1990-02-13
•
Expires: 2008-04-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for measuring texture of metal plates or sheets using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation includes measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves in lower order plate modes in one or more directions, and measuring phase velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the plate or sheet if needed. Texture or preferred grain orientation can be derived from these measurements with improved reliability and accuracy. The method can be utilized in production on moving metal plate or sheet.
Inventors
- 👤 R. Bruce Thompson
- 👤 John F. Smith
- 👤 Seung S. Lee
- 👤 Yan Li
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 20:09
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N29/00; G01N29/04; G01N29/07; G01N2291/00; G01N2291/02; G01N2291/023; G01N2291/0234; G01N2291/028; G01N2291/0289; G01N2291/04; G01N2291/042; G01N2291/0422; G01N2291/0427
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
64 words
A method for measuring texture of polycrystals of various crystallite symmetries, using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; and deriving texture characteristics from said measurements of velocity and said velocity dispersion.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
64 words
A method for measuring texture of polycrystals of various crystallite symmetries, using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; and deriving texture characteristics from said measurements of velocity and said velocity dispersion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the lower order modes are S o and SH o .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the higher order modes of the material are higher than S o and SH o .
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the preferred orientation of grains or texture of the material is defined by the equation ##EQU5## where ξ, ψ, and φ are Euler angles defining cryatallite orientation, ξ=cos θ, Z 1mm are generalized Legendre functions, and W 1mn are constant coefficients, and where the velocity measurements are utilized to determine parameters regarding texture of the material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the variable 1 in the term W 1mn is less than or equal to 4.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the velocities of the lower order ultrasonic plate modes are used to derive W 420 and W 440 .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the phase velocity dispersions of the higher order plate modes are used to derive W 400 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 7 wherein W 400 is derived utilizing the equation ##EQU6## where C 44 , C 55 and C 66 are elastic constants.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the material comprises cubic metals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the cubic metals include copper, aluminum, and iron.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said measurements of velocity include one or more relative velocities and at least one absolute velocity.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the material comprises material in hexagonal crystal symmetry.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the material of hexagonal crystal symmetry includes but is not limited to titanium and zirconium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the material comprises metal plate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the material comprises metal sheet.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein results of the measurements are used to predict properties of the material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 16 wherein properties predicted include formability of the material.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
98 words
The method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity said of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; and to derive texture characteristics said from measurements of velocity said and velocity dispersion.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
98 words
The method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity said of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; and to derive texture characteristics said from measurements of velocity said and velocity dispersion.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method of claim 18 wherein the preferred orientation of grains or texture of the material is defined by the equation ##EQU7## where ξ, ψ, and φ are Euler angles defining cryatallite orientation, ξ=cos θ, Z 1mn are generalized Legendre, functions, and W 1mn are constant coefficients, and where the velocity measurements are utilized to determine parameters regarding texture of the material.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 18 wherein the variable 1 in the term W 1mn is less than or equal to 4.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 18 wherein coefficients W 400 , W 420 and W 440 are all derived by velocity measurements.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 21 wherein derivation of the measurements is frequency dependent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
59 words
The method of claim 21 wherein coefficients W 420 and W 440 are derived by velocity measurements and a comparison of angular dependencies of those measurements in low order modes of the material, and coefficient W 400 is derived from measurements of dispersion of higher order modes of the material if the thickness of the material is precisely known.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the measurements are frequency dependent.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the coefficients W 420 and W 440 are derived by velocity measurements and comparison of angular dependencies of the measurements, and the coefficient W 400 is derived by plotting dispersion curves for higher order modes of the material, without precise knowledge of the thickness of the material.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 25 wherein the coefficient W 400 is determined on the basis of whether dispersion curves of modes of the material are tangent, cross, or approach one another.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the frequency of the ultrasound is varied to derive the dispersion curves.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; deriving coefficients W 400 , W 420 and W 440 from velocity measurements; deriving coefficients W 420 and W 440 by velocity measurements and a comparison of angular dependencies of those measurements in low order modes of the material, and coefficient W 400 from measurements of dispersion of higher order modes of the material if the thickness of the material is precisely known.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; deriving coefficients W 400 , W 420 and W 440 from velocity measurements; deriving coefficients W 420 and W 440 by velocity measurements and a comparison of angular dependencies of those measurements in low order modes of the material, and coefficient W 400 from measurements of dispersion of higher order modes of the material if the thickness of the material is precisely known.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
140 words
A method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; deriving coefficients W 400 , W 420 and W 440 from velocity measurements; deriving coefficients W 420 and W 440 by velocity measurements and a comparison of angular dependencies of those measurements, and deriving coefficient W 400 by plotting dispersion curves for higher order modes of the material, without precise knowledge of the thickness of the material.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
140 words
A method for measuring texture of materials of crystal symmetry using non-destructive ultrasonic investigation of the material, comprising the steps of: imposing ultrasonic energy waves into and through the material; measuring the velocity of ultrasonic energy waves of low order modes of the material in one or more directions; selecting one or more of the following steps; measuring velocity dispersion of higher order modes of the material; plotting the dispersion curves of higher order plate modes, and analyzing their orientation to one another; deriving coefficients W 400 , W 420 and W 440 from velocity measurements; deriving coefficients W 420 and W 440 by velocity measurements and a comparison of angular dependencies of those measurements, and deriving coefficient W 400 by plotting dispersion curves for higher order modes of the material, without precise knowledge of the thickness of the material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-02-12 | 1993-08-14 | 1994-02-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-02-12 | 1997-08-14 | 1998-02-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-02-12 | 2001-08-14 | 2002-02-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |