US4898893A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Blowing agents for isocyanurate foams and method for producing the same
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1988-09-20
•
Granted: 1990-02-06
•
Expires: 2008-09-20
Abstract
Abstract A blend of liquid hydrocarbon and halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is used as a blowing agent. The blowing agent is particularly useful to replace chlorofluorocarbons as blowing agents in isocyanate-based foams.
Inventors
- 👤 Kaneyoshi Ashida
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 19:19
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/04; C08J9/12; C08J9/14; C08J9/149; C08J2375/00; C08J2375/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
44 words
A blowing agent for a resinous material; the blowing agent consisting essentially of a blend of: (a) a flammable liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and wherein the blowing agent has a boiling point of between about 30° C. to 100° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
44 words
A blowing agent for a resinous material; the blowing agent consisting essentially of a blend of: (a) a flammable liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and wherein the blowing agent has a boiling point of between about 30° C. to 100° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The blowing agent of claim 1 wherein the liquid hydrocarbon is present in an amount between about 5 percent and about 30 percent by weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The blowing agent of claim 2 wherein the liquid hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic, and alicyclic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
The blowing agent of claim 3 wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting essentially of: n-pentane, 2-pentane, n-hexane, heptane, dimethylethylmethane, 2-methylpentane, 2,3-dimethylybutane, pentene-1, 2-methylbutene, 3-methylbutene, hexene-1, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, benzene, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The blowing agent of claim 1 wherein the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of monohalogenated and polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The blowing agent of claim 5 wherein the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is present in an amount between about 70 percent and about 95 percent by weight based on total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
61 words
The blowing agent of claim 6 wherein the monohalogenated compounds are selected from the group consisting of: n-propyl chloride, n-propyl bromide, ethyl iodide, isopropyl chloride, isobutyl chloride, t-butyl chloride and t-butyl bromide, and the polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of: methylene chloride, ethylene bromide, methylene bromide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, s-dichloroacetylene, and trichloroethylene, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
In a process for making an isocyanate-based foam of the type wherein an organic polyisocyanate is catalytically reacted in the presence of a blowing agent the improvement which comprises: foaming the isocyanate with a blowing agent comprising: the blowing agent of claim 1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
The improvement of claim 8 wherein the blowing agent is present in an amount between about 1 and about 30 percent by weight of the total weight of the isocyanate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The improvement of claim 9 wherein the liquid hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting essentially of: aliphatic, aromatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The improvement of claim 8 wherein the halogenated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of monohalogenated and polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
The improvement of claim 11 wherein the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is present in an amount between about 70 and about 95 percent by weight based on total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
58 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the monohalogenated compounds are selected from the group consisting of: propyl chloride, propyl bromide, ethyl iodide, isopropyl chloride, isobutyl chloride, butyl chloride and butyl bromide, and the polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting essentially of: methylene chloride, ethyl bromide, methylene bromide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, s-dichloroacetylene, and trichloroethylene.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
the improvement of claim 8 wherein the isocyanate-based foam is a polyurethane foam.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The improvement of claim 8 wherein the isocyanate-based foam is an isocyanurate foam.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the blowing agent is present in an amount between about 1 to about 30 percent by weight based on total weight of the isocyanate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 16 wherein the blowing agent is present in an amount between about 1 to about 30 percent by weight of the isocyanate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
The blowing agent of claim 1 which further comprises: (a) a hydrogen containing chlorofluorocarbon, the hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon being in admixture with the blend in an amount ranging from about 1 to 99 percent, by weight, of the blend and from about 99 percent to about 1 percent by weight of the hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon, based on the total weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
60 words
the blowing agent of claim 1 wherein the blowing agent further comprises: (a) a chlorofluorocarbon, the blend and the chlorofluorocarbon being present in an amount ranging from about 1 to 95 percent, by weight, of the blend and from about 99 percent to about 1 percent, by weight, of the blend, based on the total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
72 words
The blowing agent of claim 1 which further comprises, in admixture: (a) a liquid chlorofluorocarbon having a boiling point between about 30° C. and about 100 ° C., (b) a liquid hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon blowing agent having a boiling point of between about 30° C. and about 100° C., and wherein the blend is present in an amount of at least 1 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the admixture.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
95 words
In a method for manufacturing an isocyanurate foam of the type wherein an organic polyisocyanate is catalytically reacted in the presence of a trimerization catalyst and a blowing agent, the improvement which comprises: preparing the foam in the presence of a blowing agent comprising: (a) the blend of claim 1 and (b) a hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon blowing agent having a boiling point of between about 30° C. and about 100° C., and wherein the blend is present in an amoun of at least 1 percent, by weight, based on the total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
A blowing agent for a resinous material consisting of a blend of: (a) a liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and wherein the blowing agent has a boiling point of between about 30° C. to 100° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
39 words
A blowing agent for a resinous material consisting of a blend of: (a) a liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; and wherein the blowing agent has a boiling point of between about 30° C. to 100° C.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
The blowing agent of claim 22 wherein the liquid hydrocarbon is present in an amount between about 5 percent and about 30 percent by weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The blowing agent of claim 22 wherein the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of monohalogenated and polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
The blowing agent of claim 22 wherein the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is present in an amount between about 70 percent and about 95 percent by weight based on total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
61 words
The blowing agent of claim 22 wherein the monohalogenated compounds are selected from the group consisting of: n-propyl chloride, n-propyl bromide, ethyl iodide, isopropyl chloride, isobutyl chloride, t-butyl chloride and t-butyl bromide, and the polyhalogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of: methylene chloride, ethylene bromide, methylene bromide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, s-dichloroacetylene, and trichloroethylene, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
78 words
A blowing agent utilized for a resinous material, the blowing agent consisting of a blend of: (a) a liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; which is combined with a hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon the hydrogen containing chlorofluorocarbon being in admixture with the blend in an amount ranging from about 1 to 99 percent, by weight, of the blend and from about 99 percent to about 1 percent by weight of the hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon, based on the total weight.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
78 words
A blowing agent utilized for a resinous material, the blowing agent consisting of a blend of: (a) a liquid hydrocarbon; and (b) a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; which is combined with a hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon the hydrogen containing chlorofluorocarbon being in admixture with the blend in an amount ranging from about 1 to 99 percent, by weight, of the blend and from about 99 percent to about 1 percent by weight of the hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon, based on the total weight.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
60 words
The blowing agent of claim 27 wherein the blowing agent further comprises: (a) a chlorofluorocarbon, the blend and the chlorofluorocarbon being present in an amount ranging from about 1 to 95 percent, by weight, of the blend and from about 99 percent to about 1 percent, by weight, of the blend, based on the total weight of the blowing agent.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
71 words
The blowing agent of claim 27 which further comprises, in admixture; (a) a liquid chlorofluorocarbon having a boiling point between about 30° C. and about 100° C., (b) a liquid hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon blowing agent having a boiling point of between about 30° C. and about 100° C., and wherein the blend is present in an amoun of at least 1 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the admixture.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4482465A
Cited
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-08-07 | 1994-02-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-02-05 | 1997-08-07 | 1998-02-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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