Process for manufacturing paints

Claim 2

In a process for the manufacture of paint to match the color of a standard paint within a specified color tolerance wherein the process involves the use of a spectrophotometer or a colorimeter and comprises: (a) mixing in a vessel the components of a paint, said components comprising a liquid binder for the paint, solvent for the paint, and colorants for the paint; and (b) shading the paint during its manufacture by the addition of additional colorants in the form of dispersions or solutions to match the color of the specified standard paint within the given color tolerance, the improvement which comprises utilizing as the shading procedure a process which comprises: (1) determining correction factors describing the relationship between the X, Y and Z tristimulus readings of wet paints and the corresponding X, Y and Z tristimulus values of dry paints prepared from said wet paints; and (2) measuring and determining by the spectrophotometer or colorimeter the X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured; (3) calculating the theoretical X, Y and Z values of a dry paint sample of the paint being manufactured according to the formulas: ##EQU12## and (4) comparing the theoretical X, Y and Z dry values of the paint being manufactured to the X, Y and Z values of the standard dry paint and calculating the quantities of components to be added to the paint to bring the paint within the required color tolerance; and (5) adding to the paint being manufactured the quantities of components calculated in step (4); and (6) repeating steps (2) through (5) at least once in the event the paint is not within the specified color tolerance until the paint being manufactured is within said color tolerance.

Claim 3

In a process for the manufacture of paint to match the color of a standard paint within a specified color tolerance wherein the process involves the use of a spectrophotometer or a colorimeter and a computer and comprises: (a) mixing in a vessel the components of a paint, said components comprising a liquid binder for the paint, solvent for the paint, and colorants for the paint; and (b) shading the paint during its manufacture by the addition of additional colorants in the form of dispersions or solutions to match the color of the specified standard paint within the given color tolerance, the improvement which comprises utilizing as the shading procedure a process which comprises: (1) providing the computer with (a) formula of the paint; (b) X, Y and Z tristimulus values of a standard dry paint; (c) correction factors describing the relationship between the X, Y and Z tristimulus readings of wet paints and the corresponding X, Y and Z tristimulus values of dry paints prepared from said wet paints; and (d) color tolerance value for the paint being manufactured; (2) measuring and determining by the spectrophotometer or colorimeter the X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured; (3) providing said measured X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured to the computer; (4) calculating, by the computer, the theoretical X, Y and Z values of a dry paint sample of the paint being manufactured according to the formulas: ##EQU13## (5) comparing by the computer the theoretical X, Y and Z dry values of the paint being manufactured to the X, Y and Z values of the standard dry paint and calculating the quantities of components to be added to the paint to bring the paint within the required color tolerance; and (6) adding to the paint being manufactured the quantities of components calculated in step (5); and (7) repeating steps (2) through (6) at least once in the event the paint is not within the color tolerance values until the paint being manufactured is within said color tolerance.

Claim 4

In a process for the manufacture of paint to match the color of a standard paint within a specified color tolerance wherein the process involves the use of a spectrophotometer or a colorimeter and a computer and comprises: (a) mixing in a vessel the components of a paint, said components comprising a liquid binder for the paint, solvent for the paint, and colorants for the paint; and (b) shading the paint during its manufacture by the addition of additional colorants in the form of dispersions or solutions to match the color of the specified standard paint within the given color tolerance, the improvement which comprises utilizing as the shading procedure a process which comprises: (1) providing the computer with (a) formula of the paint; (b) X, Y and Z tristimulus values of a standard dry paint; (c) correction factors describing the relationship between the X, Y and Z tristimulus readings of wet paints and the corresponding X, Y and Z tristimulus values of dry paints prepared from said wet paints; and (d) color tolerance value for the paint being manufactured; (2) measuring and determining by the spectrophotometer or colorimeter the X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured; (3) providing said measured X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured to the computer; (4) calculating, by the computer, the theoretical X, Y and Z values of a dry paint sample of the paint being manufactured according to the formulas: ##EQU13## (5) comparing by the computer the theoretical X, Y and Z dry values of the paint being manufactured to the X, Y and Z values of the standard dry paint and calculating the quantities of components to be added to the paint to bring the paint within the required color tolerance; and (6) adding to the paint being manufactured the quantities of components calculated in step (5); and (7) repeating steps (2) through (6) at least once in the event the paint is not within the color tolerance values until the paint being manufactured is within said color tolerance.

Claim 5

In a process for manufacturing a paint utilizing a computer electrically connected to a multiplicity of metering pumps, each pump being individually connected to a supply of a component used in the paint, said components used in the paint being liquid containing binder for the paint, solvent for the paint and colorant in the form of dispersions or solutions, a vessel having mixing means, a spectrophotometer or colorimeter having means to determine X, Y and Z tristimulus values of the wet paint in the vessel and being electrically connected to the computer, said process being controlled by the computer and comprising the following steps: (1) providing the computer with (a) formula of the paint, (b) X, Y and Z tristimulus values of the standard dry paint, (c) correction factors describing the relationship between the X, Y and Z tristimulus values of wet paints and the corrsponding X, Y and Z tristimulus values of dry paints prepared from said wet paints; and (d) color tolerance value for the paint being manufactured; (2) metering exact amounts of components of the paint into the mixing vessel by the metering pumps which are being controlled by the computer; (3) mixing said components to form a wet paint; (4) measuring and determining by the spectrophotometer or colorimeter the X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured; (5) providing said measured X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured to the computer; (6) calculating by the computer the theoretical X, Y and Z values of a dry paint sample prepared from the paint components according to the formulas: ##EQU14## (7) comparing by the computer the theoretical X, Y, Z dry values of paint being manufactured to the X, Y and Z values of the standard dry paint and calculating the quantities of components to be added to the paint to bring the paint within the color tolerance; and (8) adding to the paint being manufactured the quantities of components calculated in step (7); and (9) repeating steps (2) - (8) at least once in the event the paint is not within the color tolerance value for the paint to bring the paint within said color tolerance.

Claim 6

In a process for manufacturing a paint utilizing a computer electrically connected to a multiplicity of metering pumps, each pump being individually connected to a supply of a component used in the paint, said components used in the paint being liquid containing binder for the paint, solvent for the paint and colorant in the form of dispersions or solutions, a vessel having mixing means, a spectrophotometer or colorimeter having means to determine X, Y and Z tristimulus values of the wet paint in the vessel and being electrically connected to the computer, said process being controlled by the computer and comprising the following steps: (1) providing the computer with (a) formula of the paint, (b) X, Y and Z tristimulus values of the standard dry paint, (c) correction factors describing the relationship between the X, Y and Z tristimulus values of wet paints and the corrsponding X, Y and Z tristimulus values of dry paints prepared from said wet paints; and (d) color tolerance value for the paint being manufactured; (2) metering exact amounts of components of the paint into the mixing vessel by the metering pumps which are being controlled by the computer; (3) mixing said components to form a wet paint; (4) measuring and determining by the spectrophotometer or colorimeter the X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured; (5) providing said measured X, Y and Z values of the wet paint being manufactured to the computer; (6) calculating by the computer the theoretical X, Y and Z values of a dry paint sample prepared from the paint components according to the formulas: ##EQU14## (7) comparing by the computer the theoretical X, Y, Z dry values of paint being manufactured to the X, Y and Z values of the standard dry paint and calculating the quantities of components to be added to the paint to bring the paint within the color tolerance; and (8) adding to the paint being manufactured the quantities of components calculated in step (7); and (9) repeating steps (2) - (8) at least once in the event the paint is not within the color tolerance value for the paint to bring the paint within said color tolerance.