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US4883341A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Non-reflective graphic surface

Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1988-03-17
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Granted: 1989-11-28
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Expires: 2008-03-17
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Abstract

Abstract A graphic surface display device comprises a graphic surface be displayed and a cover of substantially transparent material overlying and in optical contact with the graphic surface. The cover has a minutely textured outer surface such that the angle between a first vector normal to a randomly selected point on the cover's surface; and, a second vector which passes through the selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to the graphic surface at the point of intersection of the second vector with the graphic surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45°.

Inventors

  • 👤 Lorne A. Whitehead

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-31 06:31
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02B; G02B5/00; G02B5/02; G02B5/0205; G02B5/021; G02B5/0231; G02B3/00; G02B3/02; G02B3/08; G02B5/0273; G02B5/0278; G02B5/0294; G02B5/04; G02B5/045

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim 96 words
A graphic surface display device, comprising: (a) a graphic surface to be displayed; and, (b) a cover of substantially transparent material overlying said graphic surface, said cover having a minutely textured outer surface wherein an angle φ 1 between: (i) a first vector normal to a randomly selected point on said outer surface; and, (ii) a second vector which passes through said selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said graphic surface at the point of intersection of said second vector with said graphic surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45°.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 96 words
A graphic surface display device, comprising: (a) a graphic surface to be displayed; and, (b) a cover of substantially transparent material overlying said graphic surface, said cover having a minutely textured outer surface wherein an angle φ 1 between: (i) a first vector normal to a randomly selected point on said outer surface; and, (ii) a second vector which passes through said selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said graphic surface at the point of intersection of said second vector with said graphic surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45°.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 20 words
A graphic surface display as defined in claim 1, wherein said cover is an optical contact with said graphic surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 21 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 2, wherein said cover is removably optically contactible with said graphic surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 20 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 2, wherein said cover comprises an array of parallel, longitudinal prisms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 17 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein said prisms are right angle prisms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 24 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein the height of said prisms exceeds about 50 times the wavelength of light.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 36 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein: (a) said prisms have apices of average width "e"; and, (b) e/a is less than about 0.02, where "a" is the height of said prisms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 20 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein the height of said prisms exceeds about 0.1 mm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 27 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein said cover further comprises a substrate of thickness "b" between said prisms and said graphic surface.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 16 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 9, wherein "b" is about 0.15 inches.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 26 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 9, wherein a+b is less than about 0.5 mm., where "a" is the height of said prisms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 21 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 9, wherein said substrate is removably optically contactible with said graphic surface.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 27 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 4, wherein said prisms have a base of about 0.07 inches and a height of about 0.03 inches.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 75 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 1, wherein said outer surface is textured such that the probability distribution of said angle for points on said outer surface: (a) is substantially 0 if said angle is less than 45°; (b) has a maximum value at a selected angle; and, (c) is substantially 0 for angles which differ from said selected angle by more than a selected deviation angle of less than about 10°.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 39 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 14, wherein the average vertical displacement from the bottoms of recesses in said surface, to the apices of protrusions from said surface, exceeds about 50 times the wavelength of light.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 53 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 14, wherein: (a) protrusions from said outer surface have apices of average width "e"; and, (b) e/a is less than about 0.02, where "a" is the average vertical displacement from the bottoms of recesses in said outer surface to the apices of said protrusions.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 37 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 14, wherein the average vertical displacement from the bottoms of recesses in said outer surface, to the apices of protrusions from said outer surface, exceeds about 0.1 mm.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 28 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 14, wherein said cover further comprises a substrate of thickness "b" between said outer surface and said graphic surface.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 43 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 18, wherein a+b is less than about 0.5 mm., where "a" is the average vertical displacement from the bottoms of recesses in said outer surface to the apices of protrusions from said outer surface.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 22 words
A graphic surface display device is defined in claim 18, wherein said cover substrate is removably optically contactible with said graphic surface.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 123 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 1, said cover further comprising a minutely textured inner surface wherein an angle φ 2 between: (i) third vector normal to a randomly selected point on said inner surface; and, (ii) a fourth vector which passes through aid selected inner surface point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said graphic surface at the point of intersection of said fourth vector with said graphic surface; is greater than or equal to: 45°+1/2(φ.sub.min -sin .sup.-1 ((1/n) sin φ.sub.min)) wherein "n" is the refractive index of said material, and φ min is the greatest angle for which it is true for substantially all points on said outer surface that φ 1 >φ min .
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 24 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 21, wherein said inner and outer surfaces each comprises an array of parallel, longitudinal prisms.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 42 words
A graphic surface display device as defined in claim 22, wherein the sides of each one of said prisms is inclined at an angle of about 63° with respect to a plane beneath said one prism and tangential to said graphic surface.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 191 words
A window comprising a substantially transparent material having minutely textured, first and second surfaces on opposed sides of a notional reference surface, wherein an angle φ 1 between: (i) a first vector normal to a randomly selected point of said first surface; and, (ii) a second vector which passes through said selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said reference surface at the point of intersection of said second vector with said reference surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45°; and wherein an angle φ 2 between: (iii) a third vector normal to a randomly selected point on said second surface; and, (iv) a fourth vector which passes through said selected second surface point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said reference surface at the point of intersection of said fourth vector with said reference surface; is greater than or equal to: 4°+1/2 (φ.sub.min -sin .sup.-1 ((1/n) sin φ.sub.min)) where "n" is the refractive index of said material, where φ min is the greatest for which it is true for substantially all points on said first surface that φ 1 >φ min .
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 191 words
A window comprising a substantially transparent material having minutely textured, first and second surfaces on opposed sides of a notional reference surface, wherein an angle φ 1 between: (i) a first vector normal to a randomly selected point of said first surface; and, (ii) a second vector which passes through said selected point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said reference surface at the point of intersection of said second vector with said reference surface; has substantially unity probability of exceeding 45°; and wherein an angle φ 2 between: (iii) a third vector normal to a randomly selected point on said second surface; and, (iv) a fourth vector which passes through said selected second surface point and which is normal to a plane tangential to said reference surface at the point of intersection of said fourth vector with said reference surface; is greater than or equal to: 4°+1/2 (φ.sub.min -sin .sup.-1 ((1/n) sin φ.sub.min)) where "n" is the refractive index of said material, where φ min is the greatest for which it is true for substantially all points on said first surface that φ 1 >φ min .
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 21 words
A window as defined in claim 24, wherein said first and second surfaces each comprise an array of parallel, longitudinal prisms.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 39 words
A window as defined in claim 25, wherein the sides of each one of said prisms is inclined at an angle of about 63° with respect to a plane beneath said one prism and tangential to said reference surface.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 77 words
A window as defined in claim 24, wherein said surfaces are textured such that the probability distribution of either of said angles φ 1 or φ 2 for points on said surfaces: (a) is substantially 0 if said angle is less than 45°; (b) has a maximum value at a selected angle; and, (c) is substantially 0 for angles which differ from said selected angle by more than a selected deviation angle of less than about 10°.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US4657355A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1992-11-27 1993-05-29 1993-11-28 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1996-11-27 1997-05-29 1997-11-28 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2000-11-27 2001-05-29 2001-11-28 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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