US4873810A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Elements having a multi-directional cellular structure whose inertia may vary, and methods of manufacture
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1985-09-23
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Granted: 1989-10-17
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Expires: 2005-09-23
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to the construction of a self-supporting body of cellular structure, great rigidity, and capable of withstanding stresses exerting in all directions, either separately or together, of withstanding impacts, pressure, shock waves, acoustical and thermal phenomena, and using free volumes as assemblies having different characteristics or as shock absorbing means. The invention also provides the possibility of varying the weight of said body by being filled with various fluids which may be static or flowing, which may be at various different pressures, and which may contain specialized agents on a permanent basis or which may be put into action under certain constraints of pressure, temperature, etc.
Inventors
- 👤 Jean Lecaroz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 09:56
CPC Classifications
F; F16; F16S; F16S5/00; F42; F42D; F42D5/00; F42D5/04; F42D5/045; E; E04; E04B; E04B1/00; E04B1/32; E04B1/3205; E04B1/342; E04B1/38; E04B1/48; E04B2001/327; E04B2001/3276; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S52/00; Y10S52/10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24149; Y10T428/24157
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
114 words
An element of multi-directional cellular structure formed by a plurality of series of hollow closed shell-like elements each of polygonal section which intersect, each of said series being composed of a plurality of convex closed prismatic shell-like elements of a same direction which are joined by one common plate face, wherein only the shell-like elements of a same series have common face planes, and the intersections of the shell-like elements define juxtaposed cells, each edge on one shell-like element of a given direction intersecting at least one edge of a shell-like element of another direction and each edge of each cell being entirely contained in the intersection of the planes of the shell-like elements.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
114 words
An element of multi-directional cellular structure formed by a plurality of series of hollow closed shell-like elements each of polygonal section which intersect, each of said series being composed of a plurality of convex closed prismatic shell-like elements of a same direction which are joined by one common plate face, wherein only the shell-like elements of a same series have common face planes, and the intersections of the shell-like elements define juxtaposed cells, each edge on one shell-like element of a given direction intersecting at least one edge of a shell-like element of another direction and each edge of each cell being entirely contained in the intersection of the planes of the shell-like elements.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said series of cylinders intersect at an angle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 2, wherein said cylinders have a rectangular shape in section.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 2, wherein said cylinders have a triangular shape in section.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said series of cylinders have orthogonal directions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cylinders have different shaped sections assembled in combination.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein juxtaposed cylinders in series have axes of symmetry that are concentric.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cylinders have axes which intersect a central axis at equal angles to each other.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, further including a central cylinder.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said element rotates about the axis of a central cylinder.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cells are isolated in groups.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cells are separately isolated.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cells intercommunicate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cells have openings in staggered configuration to constitute baffles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, including means for cell intercommunication comprising nonreturn valves.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, including means for cell intercommunication comprising fuses in the form of zones of weakness under the action of heat, of pressure, or of a chemical agent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, further including means in said envelope for freely opening to the outside.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, further including means in said envelope for opening to the outside by fuses.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said cells are filled with fluids.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, further including substances in said cells that transform the physical characteristics of said fluids.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
A self supporting element according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the cells contain a gas or a compressible material means for acting as a shock absorber.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein the inertia of the element varies by draining the fluids contained in its volumes.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein variation in the inertia displaces the center of gravity.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, further including means connected to said element for removing fluid under gravity or under pressure.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said planes are flexible.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 25, wherein said planes are made rigid by hardening after the element has taken its final shape.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said planes are rigid.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein the layers of cylinders are at least partially porous.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein the layers constituting other cylinders inserted inside a common series of cylinders are self-locking.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
23 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers are formed of at least one of a synthetic, inorganic or composite material.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers are formed of fibers, selected from the group comprising glass fibers, carbon fibers, and silicon fibers.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 31, wherein said fibers are woven.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 31, wherein said fibers are in random disposition.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers are formed of at least one of metals or alloys.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 34, wherein said ceramic is reinforced.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers are composed by or covered in ceramics.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
13 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers comprise porous bodies.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
18 words
A self-supporting element according to claim 1, wherein said layers comprise bodies serving as substrates for a covering.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
80 words
An element of multi-directional cellular structure comprising a plurality of series of cylinders having polygonal section, wherein said cylinders have in common the planes that define the juxtaposed cylinders having the same direction, and wherein said cylinders intersect to define juxtaposed cells, each edge of a cylinder of a given direction intersecting at least one edge of a cylinder of another direction and each edge of each cell being entirely contained in the intersection of the plane of said cylinders.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
80 words
An element of multi-directional cellular structure comprising a plurality of series of cylinders having polygonal section, wherein said cylinders have in common the planes that define the juxtaposed cylinders having the same direction, and wherein said cylinders intersect to define juxtaposed cells, each edge of a cylinder of a given direction intersecting at least one edge of a cylinder of another direction and each edge of each cell being entirely contained in the intersection of the plane of said cylinders.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-10-16 | 1993-04-17 | 1993-10-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-10-16 | 1997-04-17 | 1997-10-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-10-16 | 2001-04-17 | 2001-10-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |