US4864282A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for detecting or measuring the presence of humans or biological organism
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1986-10-21
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Granted: 1989-09-05
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Expires: 2006-10-21
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for detecting the presence of an object, such as a biological organism, particularly that of a human. Changes occuring upon occupation of a unoccupied spacial location are sensed and analyzed to produce a display, or otherwise used to control other devices. The apparatus includes an antennae to detect electromagnetic radiation changes caused by an organism coming into contact with the antennae or in a spacial area in proximity of the antennae. The changes detected by the antennae are coupled through a receiver to a bridge network for analysis. The circuitry of the bridge network compares the changes caused by the detected object to a zero reference. An output from the bridge is applied to a process which compares all signals with a vector preset in the process. Amplitude and phase are compared with known characteristics for the presence of a human body. The process or output can then be used to indicate the presence of a human by a display device or to trigger alarm devices or for other purposes.
Inventors
- 👤 Sasson Toeg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 07:25
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01R; G01R29/00; G01R29/08; G01R29/0864; G01R29/0871; G08; G08B; G08B13/00; G08B13/22; G08B13/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
172 words
An apparatus for detecting the presence of a human in a predetermined space comprising; antenna detecting means constructed of conductive material for detecting a change in electrical energy in said predetermined space; oscillator means constructed to generate a wave-form having a bandwidth and frequency selected to represent the conductivity of a human body having a known pH value; a differential amplifier receiving an input from the oscillating means and said antenna detecting means, said differential amplifier being calabrated to respond to a conductivity range proportional to pH values of a human body; log-amplifying means constructed to amplify low level signal inputs in a preselected range and saturate at high level signal inputs whereby said low level signal inputs in said preselected range pass through and all higher level signals are nullified; whereby the presence of a human body in a particular area may be detected from said low level signals in said preselected range which pass through said detecting apparatus, indicating a conductivity proportional to the pH value of a human body.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
172 words
An apparatus for detecting the presence of a human in a predetermined space comprising; antenna detecting means constructed of conductive material for detecting a change in electrical energy in said predetermined space; oscillator means constructed to generate a wave-form having a bandwidth and frequency selected to represent the conductivity of a human body having a known pH value; a differential amplifier receiving an input from the oscillating means and said antenna detecting means, said differential amplifier being calabrated to respond to a conductivity range proportional to pH values of a human body; log-amplifying means constructed to amplify low level signal inputs in a preselected range and saturate at high level signal inputs whereby said low level signal inputs in said preselected range pass through and all higher level signals are nullified; whereby the presence of a human body in a particular area may be detected from said low level signals in said preselected range which pass through said detecting apparatus, indicating a conductivity proportional to the pH value of a human body.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 in which said log amplifying means includes phase shift correlating means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus according to claim 2 in which said phase shift correlating means includes a bridge network comprised of four MOSFET devices forming a ring demodulator.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 in which said antennae detecting means is a wave receiving antenna positioned in said predetermined space.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 in which said antenna detecting means is a contact antenna responding to contact with said human body.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus according to claim 5 in which said contact antenna is a conductive material applied to one or more surfaces in said predetermined space, likely to come in contact with a human body.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
103 words
A method of detecting the presence of a biological organism in a predetermined space comprising; positioning an antenna detecting means in said predetermined area; generating a waveform having a bandwidth and frequency corresponding to an electrical characteristic of said biological organism to be detected representative of the pH value of said biological organism; amplifying said generated waveform and antenna detecting means output in an amplifier calibrated to detect a range including said electrical characteristic correlated to the proper pH range of the biological organism being detected; whereby biological organisms having a predetermined electrical characteristic due to a known pH value can be detected.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
103 words
A method of detecting the presence of a biological organism in a predetermined space comprising; positioning an antenna detecting means in said predetermined area; generating a waveform having a bandwidth and frequency corresponding to an electrical characteristic of said biological organism to be detected representative of the pH value of said biological organism; amplifying said generated waveform and antenna detecting means output in an amplifier calibrated to detect a range including said electrical characteristic correlated to the proper pH range of the biological organism being detected; whereby biological organisms having a predetermined electrical characteristic due to a known pH value can be detected.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 7 in which said antenna detecting means is a wave receiving antenna positioned in said predetermined space.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus according to claim 7 in which said antenna detecting means is a contact antenna responding to contact with said biological organism.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus according to claim 9 in which said contact antenna is a conductive material applied to one or more surfaces in said predetermined space likely to come into contact with a biological organism.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-09-04 | 1993-03-06 | 1993-09-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-09-04 | 1997-03-06 | 1997-09-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-09-04 | 2001-03-06 | 2001-09-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |